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PFI Brochure 1987 |
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Committed to .
the cause of promoting
human welfare
through
family planning
and related
development programmes.
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Family Planning Foundation
Philosophy
Established in 1970, the Family
Planning Foundation can today
derive some legitimate satisfaction
from the fact that the objective that
inspired it seventeen years ago
h3s come to be recognised as the
sing qua non of any further
significant progress of family
planning in India. It was and
continues to be the Foundation's
conviction th3t population
regulation programmes have a
better chance of success if these
are integrated into the total
spectrum of development
carried out not by the
government alone but by the
people through collaboration
of non-official organisations
and individuals. Time has
upheld this conviction.
Not that it was not there in the
minds of planners. In point of fact,
after the initial exploratory years
and more patently after the mid-
sixtees, when a fairly large scale
family planning infrastructure came
into being allover the country,
participatory development,
particularly the maternal and child
health component of it. was
recognised by the government as
the very base of family planning.
This recognition found adequate
reflection in the country statement
which India presented at the first
World Population Conference in
Bucharest in 1974. Later, at the
second World Population
Conference in Mexico in 1984,
India stated emphatically that
family planning was an integral
part of the overall process of
planning for comprehensive
development and must cover all
the "correlates of fertility."
But policy statements not unoften
tend to suffer dilution through the
process of implementation. Where
the state has a federal structure,
as in India, in which some
programmes are the responsibility
of the centre, some of the states
and some of both, this dilution
is perhaps unavoidable, to
some extent at least. Family
planning in India is a
centrally-funded programme.
Its implementation is in the
hands of the states. The line
of administration is long and
far flung. Not all schemes,
included in or relevant to the
programme, get translated
adequately into the kind of action
envisaged.
Commitment to family planning as
part of development has
nevertheless been unequivocal
almost throughout. Year after
year, the Central Health Council
and the Central Council for Family
Welfare have been reiterating this.
It also finds reflection in the fact
that nearly 35 per cent of all
married couples in the reproductive
age group (age of wife 15-45
years) were practising family
planning in 1986. In its own small
way, the Family Planning
Foundation has played its humble
role in bringing about this situation.
It has helped not just in
accentuating awareness of the
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importance of an integrated
approach to family planning but
also in creating a national
consensus on the programme.
The Foundation has tried to bring
into sharper relief the intimate
relationship between fertility and
its various determinants,
encouraged research from that
point of view, searched for and
experimented with innovative
result-oriented programmes
that can be replicated and, in
relation to commitment, assisted
inter alia the parliamentarians
in institutionalising their
support to family planning
within and beyond the Houses of
Legislature. At the grassroots it
has shown how, integrated with
development, family planning can
be coverted from a programme
offered to a programme
sought.
It took the country thousands of
years to have a population of 361
million in 1951, the first census
after freedom. In less than 40
years since then, this population
has more than doubled. In the
last census in 1981, it was
685 million. By 1986, it had
reached 750 million. The annual
increase is 15 million. At this
rate, India will touch the
one-billion mark by the
end of the century. Hence the
hurry to secure larger mobilisation
of efforts in all spheres - research,
social action, family welfare
focussed health services etc.
Population is a country's main
asset. But if its growth is
unbridled, it runs the risk of
reaching the point where it ceases
to become self-sustaining and
self-ameliorating and can start
bending under its own weight.
Despite notable achievements in
family planning, India may not be
far away from that point unless the
pace of the programme, not in
isolation but as a part of the larger
process of development and the
community playing a pivotal role
gathers substantial momentum.
The process permits no short-cuts.
Nor can it afford the luxury of the
monotonous, almost endless
debate on whether contraception
should precede development or
follow it.
It has to be, and must be, a part of
development, not just in policy
but in practice as well, all through
and at all levels. The Family
Planning Foundation has treated it
as such in the past. It has in the
process thrown up ideas which
can help family planning move
forward at a greater speed on the
strength of programmes of
complimentary character. It has
demonstrated the efficacy of
these humanistic and pragmatic
ideas. At the same time, it has
continued to search for new
devices, new approaches and
new methodologies to master
the situation.
The years ahead are the years of
challenge for the Foundation as
for the programme. The
Foundation takes on the challenge
with faith and confidence: faith
in the intrinsic merit of the
programme, strengthened
by the sincerity of the planners
and their action-oriented
commitment to it, to convert
itself into the people's
felt need; and confidence
in the people's willingness
to treat it as such, to be active
participants in its promotion
and to accept it as an investment
in their own well-being as
well as the well- being of
their offspring.
July 11, 1987, would mark a
orucial point in human history.
That day the population on our
plant would reach five billion. It
was less than four billion at the
time of Bucharest - in 1974.
Three hundred years earlier, it
was just half a billion. Between
1650 and 1975, it doubled
three times. By 2025 it would
be doubling once again. That
means it would be more than
eight billion in that year. The
next seventy five would see
another increase of two billion,
taking the total to over ten billion
by the time the twenty-first
century ends.
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Main Increase in
Developing Countries
The current global population
growth rate is 1.7 per cent (I n
India it is over two per cent). The
more developed countries of the
North have already reached the
stabilisation plateau. But a
majority of the developing countries
of the South are far away from
that stage. Indeed nine-tenths
of the increase in the global
population between 1980 and
2025 is expected to take place in
these countries.
Current population trends indicate
that between 1985 and 2025, the
population of S:>uth Asia would
double, that of Latin America
would grow two and a half times
and that of Africa would increase
three and a half times.
What would be the repercussions
of this increase (in the case of
some countries in Africa nearly four
per cent) on the balance between
population and the quality of
life in the developing countries?
The percentage of malnourished
people in these countries may fall
from 23 in 1974- 75 to 17 in
2000 AD, but their number
will go up from 435 to 595
million ....
The per capita availability of
water, already low, will go down
to a quarter of the 1975 level
by 2025 AD ....
All tropical forests may disappear
in the next 170 years
.
The resultant land degradation
may render absolutely useless
5.7 million hectares of cropland
every year.
The effect will be equally
devastating in other areas of life -
health, education, employment.
The developing countries
on the whole are producing
more doctors ever than
before, many more than
what the developed
countries are able to
turn out. Yet between
1950 and 1975, while the
number of doctors available
for 100,000 persons rose only
from 24 to 28 in the former,
it went up from 143 to
171 in the latter. In education,
between 1960 and 1981, the
proportion of primary age children
in school in developing countries
rose from 61 per cent to 85 per
cent. During the same period, the
number of those not attending
school in the same countries also
went up from 110 to 115 million
As regards jobs, between 1975 and
1980, the percentage of the
unemployed in the developing
world fell down from 56 to 51. At
the same time, their actual number
rose from 420 to 450 million.
If the balance between population
and resources remains disturbed
in a major part of the world over a
long period of time, the tremors
are bound to be felt allover.
These can be as widespread and
dangerous as an unintentional
nuclear explosion or an accidental
leakage from a nuclear plant. The
world is becoming increasingly
conscious of the disaster inherent
in the situation. The strengthening
of environmentalists' lobbies at
national and international levels is
as encouraging a sig n as the
fact that in most of the countries
directly affected by the population
explosion phenomenon, family
planning programmes have become
a part and parcel of development. 0
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The Indian Situation
In the first half of the century,
India was not facing the population
explosion problem as acutely as
it has been since freedom. This is
primarily because earlier the
death rates, along with the birth
rates, were also high. As a
matter of fact, the 1911 -21 decade
even registered a minus zero
growth rate; in that period,
against the birth rate of 48 per
thousand, the death rate
was 47. Death rates started
declining in any appreciable
measure only after 1941 and
more significantly a decade later.
Heavy investments in socio-
economic programmes, including
those relating to public health, are
principally responsible for this
situation. In the first three
decades since the era of planning
started, mortality went down by
nearly 50 per cent, from 27.4 to
15.0, and life expectancy rose from
32 to 55 years. There was,
however, no corresponding decline
in birth-rate. It went down from
39.9 to 37.2 only. The population
growth rate went up as a result
from 1.25 per cent to 2.25 per cent.
Since more people inhabited the
land, density of population per
square kilometer, too increased
from 117 to 216. It was 77 in
the beginning of the century.
At the end of 1986, the population
was approximately 750 million,
as against 238.4 million in 1901.
According to one estimate, the
birth-rate in 1986 had come down
to 33 and the death-rate to 12.
Birth-rate {per thousand}
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49.2
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48.1
46.4
45.9
39.9
41.7
412
37.2
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Death-rate (per thousand)
50
40
30
20
10
0
1901
426
1911
47.2
1921
362
1931
372
1941
1951
228
1961
190
1971
150
1981
Growth-rate (per cent)
3r
2
0.56
133
1.04
1.96
2.20
2.25
0
-1
1901
1911
1921
1931
1941
1951
1961
1971
1981
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Density (per km)
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India's progress in most spheres
of development has been
significant. In some, it has been
extraordinary. Three-fold increase
in agricultural production, five-fold
in industry, a current growth rate
of 5 per cent in the economy and
the same in gross national
product are measures of the
distance the country has traversed
since 1947 when self-reliance
appeared a dream beyond
realisation. Tne technological
advances in diverse fields which
India has made have placed India
amongst the ten most industrialised
nations of the world. Over the
years, it has developed the largest
single railway network, an
enormous road system, a varied
industrial infrastructure.
Twentytwo million are born every year
.... one out of ten dies before
his first birth anniversary.
•,~
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Indian engineers and scientists
are helping other countries in
developing their infrastructure.
And yet back home, despite all
the progress, nearly 40 per cent
of the people contirlue to groan
below the poverty line. There has
been no substantial increase in per
capita availability of foodgrains.
Malnourishment is rampant.
Under every Plan, employment
opportunities for several millions
are created. And yet at the
beginning of the Seventh Plan,
nearly 15 million unemployed
persons were registered with the
employment exchanges in search
of jobs.
Between 1951 and 1981, the
literacy percentage went up from
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Rampant malnourishment
despite three-folds increase in
foodgrains output.
Literacy is on the increase ....
so is the number of illiterates.
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Health care at the grass-roots
.... is it adequate?
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Just one source of water for over 50
per cent of all vii/ages ....
for thousands none.
16.67 to 36.17. During the same
period the number of illiterates
increased from 298.41 million to
445.81 million thus qualitatively,
halting the progressing trend.
The position of female literacy
which is a proven determinant of
population stabilisation is worse.
There is a direct link between
high infant mortality (nearly 100
per thousand in 1986) and
inadequacy of safe drinking water.
At the end of the Sixth Plan,
nearly 40,000 villages in the country
did not have a single source of
safe drinking water and more than
half of the total, had only one
source. Making prevention of
diseases harder especially among
the poor.
The network of primary health
centres and sub-centres has spread
vastly, In 1985, 7,284 primary
health centres, 3,745 subsidiary
health centres and 82,946
sub-centres were functioning in
villages. By any standard, this
situation, as compared to what
prevailed in 1947 when there were
hardly any dispensaries there,
can be rated as remarkable. But
then, the other harsh reality is
that over 50 per cent of the
population continues to live
beyond the effective reach of the
health centres and the
sub-centres.
Life expectancy in the country
has gone up from 32 years in 1951
to nearly 54.4 (at the tune of the
last census).
An average Indian no doubt lives
longer, healthier and better today.
He would have certainly been living
much better if the country had
been able to arrest the population
growth and strike a proper
balance between population and
development.
The worst sufferers in conditions
of poverty are women. Their
contribution to the economy in the
agrarian sector of the society is
hardly recognised. In the
organised sector, in 1984, they
constituted only 12.8 per cent of
the total work force of 24.31
million. The literacy rate among
women in 1981 was 24.82
per cent, as against 46.89 among
men. In rural areas, it was
lower - 17.96 as against 40.79
among men.
Old traditions like the dowry
system, early marriage, early
child-bearing and denial of equal
rights, including wages, prevail,
despite laws against them. These,
coupled with perusive poverty,
have pushed Indian women into a
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situation of exploitation. The
enlightened among them are
struggling to emerge out of this
situation. But the majority
remains unprotesting, self-effacing,
under-nourished and under-
educated,
At any time one-fifth of all Indian
women falling within the
reproductive age-group are
pregnant.
Nearly four and a half million
marriages take place in the
country every year. In three
million cases, the brides are
between the ages of 15 and 19
years.
Though the infant mortality rate
declined from 136 to 110 in the
seventies, it continues to be
high; in 1986 it was reported
to be nearly 100.
Where women are educated, as
in Kerala, it is much less - 30.
Where they are not, or much
less, as in U.P., it is very
high over 130.
The lessons are obvious.
Family Planning
Programme
India, as is known, was the first
country to start family planning
under official auspices in 1952.
The global climate was altogether
indifferent. if not hostile. The
Western world hCldbeen ridiculing
family planning. Julian Huxley,
as Director General of UNESCO,
had become a "suspect in some
quarters as an agnostic" when
he made his famous statement in
1948 that "somehow or other
population must be balanced
against resources or civilization will
perish. .. War is a less inevitable
threat to civilization than population
increase." Even the World Health
Organisation was not very kind to
family planning. One of the
members of its executive board
went to the length of saying in
1952 that "to introduce
contraceptive methods to
underdeveloped peoples was
tantamount to giving them
weapons with which to commit
suicide."
India itself had no experience
whatsoever. Wisely, it adopted a
cautious policy. The first four
years were exploratory. Family
planning facilities were created in
the existing 147 health service
clinics; the methods advocated
were abstinence and rhythm as
well as use of conventional
contraceptives like condoms,
jellies, diaphragms and foam
tablets. Under the second five
year plan, (1951-61), the number
of family planning clinics rendering
advice and services to the people
went up to 4,185.
The fifteen years (1961-75) that
followed were "the years of
expansion, consolidation and
integration of family planning with
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maternal and child health care."
These were also the years when it
was recognised increasingly that
"the objective of stabilising the
growth of population over a
reasonable period must be at the
very centre of planned
development." Some 40,000
sub-centres were attached to the
existing network of primary health
centres. The number of the latter
also rose to 5,382.
The expansion and consolidation
process suffered a serious setback
in the next few years on account
of the political controversy that
almost shook the programme and
for some time even pushed it
underground. It emerged again
following the shock that the 1981
census gave to the country.
The population then had risen to
685 million.
Early in 1979, the Planning
Commission set up a special
group to appraise the programme
and to advise it on long-term
policy. The group recommended
adoption of the demographic goal
of reducing not reproduction rate
(NRR) to one by the country as a
whole by 1996 and by all the
states by 2000 AD. This implied
that
(a) the average size of the family
would be reduced from 4.2
children 2.3 children;
(b) the birth rate per 1,000
population would be reduced
from the level of 33 in
1978 to 21 ;
(c) the death rate per 1,000
population would be reduced
from 14 in 1978 to 9 and the
infant mortality would be
reduced from 129 to 60 or
less; and
(d) as against about 22 per cent
of the eligible couples
protected with family
planning, 60 per cent would
be protected by 2000 AD.
If these goals could be achieved,
the population of India would be
around 950 million by the turn
of the century and stabilise at
1,200 million by 2050.
Actual performance under the
sixth plan fall short of expectation.
It was envisaged that. before its
end, 36.6 per cent of all married
couples in the eligible age-group
would be acceptors of family
planning. In March, 1985, the
percentage of acceptors was 32.
The Planning Commission
attributed the shortfall to
i) lack of infrastructural facilities;
(ii) relatively high targets;
(iii) less than optimal use of
available resources; (iv) political,
social, economic and cultural
constraints; (v) persistent high
infant mortality rates; and
(vi) equally high level of maternal
and child mortality.
For the Seventh Plan, a new
strategy was developed. It lays
emphasis inter alia on raising the
mean age of marriage for women
above 20 years, enhancing the
status of women, expansion of
female literacy, reduction in
child mortality, establishment
of closer linkages with poverty
alleviation programmes, provision
of old age security, further
spread of service:>,greater
involvement of voluntary
sector and better programme
management. The strategy has
fixed the two-child family as the
norm. The demographic goals
to be attained by 990 are: birth
rate 29.1, death rate 10.4 and
infant mortality rate 87. The
strategy envisages that by then
42 per cent of all married couples
in the eligible age-group would
have accepted family planning.
In April 1985, following the
Planning Commission's
analysis, the target year for
achieving the birth rate goal
of 21 per thousand was
postponed by a decade. In
March 1986, the couple protection
percentage WdS 34.9. The
relationship between this
percentage and birth rate is not
clearly established.
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Family Planning Foundation
The Planning Commission's
analysis, the renewed emphasis on
"correlates of fertility" and
increased awareness of the
importance of people's involvement
in the family welfare programme
through voluntary organisations
are in consonance with the guiding
principles underlying the Family
Planning Foundation's own work
during the last seventeen years.
The Foundation could foresee
in 1970, when it was established
by a dedicated group of the
country's top industrialists, headed
by Mr. J. R. D. Tata, and some
eminent social workers, that the
galloping rate of population
growth was apt to thwart the
efforts o"fthe nation to give to
every citizen hi~ or her due place
under the sun and that this rate
could be arrested only through an
integrated approach to family
planning with development as its
base in the strengthening of
which the people themselves had
to playa pivotal role. This
rationale was placed before the
nation six years before the National
Population Policy was formulated
in 1976 and since then, the
Foundation has demonstrated,
through a variety of projects it has
initiated, launched on its own or
supported that notwithstanding
the socio-cultural economic
variations inherent in the Indian
situation, programmes designed
in tune with it can be implemented
and replicated efficaciously,
The basic aims of the Foundation
remain the same as were unfolded
at the time of its inception :-
To help raise the level of
family planning beyond its
traditional confines by
focussing on the variables
restricting its operation;
to support innovative research,
experimentation and social
action from the point of view
of bringing the grey areas
into bold relief and throwing
up viable, replicable
programme models;
to involve the best scientific
talent in the country in these
efforts;
to serve as a forum for
pooling of experience and
sharing of professional
expertise to strengthen and
enlarge the operational base
of the programme;
to support efforts all round to
place family planning on a
sounder footing;
to assist official and public
agencies in the advancement
of the cause of promoting
human welfare through family
planning and other
development programmes
Community Participation
Rural Development, and
Social Health.
Apart from encouraging
experimentation, research and
innovative efforts in these areas,
the Foundation has helped the
institutions involved in orgonising
workshops, seminars and
conferences on the relevant
subjects with a view to focussing
attention on them and setting in
motion complementary processes.
The Foundation has so far
supported 222 projects in the areas
of its concern. The total
expenditure incurred on them
comes to Rs. 221.05 lakhs. All
projects, big or small, irrespective
of immediate results, are potentially
significant in the long-term
perspective from the point of view
of the Foundation's basic aims.
In this brochure only some of the
principal areas find reflection.
In tune with these aims, the
Foundation has identified a dozen
areas in which it has, within its
limited resources, encouraged and
financed concentrated efforts.
These areas are:
Health and Biomedical;
Gynaecology and Obstetrics;
Social Anthropology, Sociology,
Economics;
Politics and Psychology (Social
Sciences) ;
Population Policy
Communication
Management
Environment
Evaluation
The Foundation functions
independent of the government.
The cause is common. The
Foundation's programmes
supplement and strengthen the
government's own efforts, often
indirectly. From salvaging family
planning from the limbo in which
it has tended to recede in the
seventees to the creation of a
national concensus on it, the
Foundation has played its humble
role silently. It has assisted the
parliamentarians in organising
their conferences and seminars
designed to institutionalise their
support to family planning. It is
assisting them now, wherever
necessary, at the constituency level.
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It has at the same time participated
in the confabulations preceding
the formulation of national
policies and strategies on the
programme. To a considerable
extent, the Foundation's approach
finds reflection in the government's
long-term strategy.
Spread of awareness and knowledge
in relation to family planning as
well as its close link with
development is the responsibility
of the government's own large
information network. The
Foundation has sought to impart
new dimensions to the process
through a variety of programmes
ranging from induction of
population education in the
integrated child development
scheme at the grassroots t6
highlighting the role of incentives
and disincentives in family
planning. Through studies
sponsored or supported by it, the
Foundation has pinpointed the
deficiencies in the programme and,
through actual demonstration
projects, it has shown how these
deficiencies can be removed.
The projects initiated are spread
over a wide areas, from Kashmir
in the North to Kerala in the South
and from the c)astline in the West
to the hilly tracks in the North- East.
subjects. It has at the same
time demonstrated the
efficacy of promoting
community- based distribution
of contraceptives.
India, like the rest of the world,
has been searching for
contraceptives that are convenient,
locally acceptable and create no
problems. While this major area
of research is the direct
responsibility of the Indian Council
of Medical Research, the
Foundation has financed a
number of projects undertaken
by eminent scientists in support
of the cause. Some of the
findings that have emerged
from their scientific investigations
hold good promise for
the future.
Simultaneously, the Foundation
has encouraged studies on the
socio-economic aspects of
popUlation growth, causes
underlying low performance of
family planning in some of the
states and a variety of other
connected subjects, including the
age at marriage and the
relationship between fertility and
high infant mortality.
Integrating health care and health
education with development has
been a priority item on the
Foundation's agenda. It has
supported pilot projects on health
education, demonstrated how
health and family planning can be
integrated with rural development,
financed innovative projects
from the same end in view ahd
given assistance to eminent "
educationalists for bringing out
authentic literature on the
Currently, the Foundation is
involved in a study of infant
mortality in about 800 villages, in
35 districts, in five states of the
country. This study is being done
in collaboration with five
prestigeous institutions as well as
the International Development
Research Centre of Canada, It is
an action-oriented study and
should inter alia throw up viable
solutions in the form of
interventions in health and
community action strategies
appropriate to the peculiarities of
the areas covered.
The low status of women is known
to be one of the principal reasons
responsible for high fertility rates
in India The Foundation has
encouraged in-depth studies into
this grey aspect of the Indian
situatio n, not just from the po int of
view of family planning but, more
importantly, to highlight the role
women, given opportunity, can
play in their own and in the
society's development. It has
supported projects for the training
of grassroot-Ievel women
functionaries. One of the
significant programmes financed
partially by it relates to the well-
known Working Women's Forum in
Madras. The Forum h3S already
demonstrated the efficacy of a
feasible mechanism for training of
women's organisations and their
involvement in family welfare
The Foundation is filming the
activity in order to project it as a
model for possible adaptation in
similar conditions elsewhere.
Management of health services
at the grass roots has been
recognised as one of the weak
links in the health delivery system
in India. To identify the actual
weaknesses and to throw up
possible, viable solutions, the
Foundation has encouraged a
number of studies, These range
from health services arranged in a
camp situation to those in
operation in an organised
set-up.
Creating mass consciousness
about family welfare and
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development is outside the scope
of the Foundation's programmes.
It has co,lcentrated more on
developing new ideas and themes
and translated them into actual
software. It is a matter of
gratification to the Foundation that
this software has been used by
the g8vernment as well for
enhancing mass awareness and
expanding the horizons of
knowledge. The Foundation has
in particular developed innovative
programmes through the electronic
media. Simultaneously, it has
used the3e media to capture
i'lrlovative population-related
development programmes to offer
them as possible models for similar
situations. Two of its notable
contributions to the print media
are the "Atlas of the Child in India"
and a monograph on "Population
and Development". The
Foundation has also given, from
time to time, communication
support to the conferences
organised by the Indian Association
of Parliamentarians on Population
and Development and other
institutions engaged in similar
population progammes.
Through the many projects
supported by it, the Foundation has
by and large:
helped break fresh ground in
areas ranging from search for
new contraceptives to
development- based family
planning programmes drawing
strength from community
participation;
identified the gaps in action
programmes and suggested
corrective action;
explored fields which had
somehow failed to receive
adequate attention and
supported institutions/people
having the will and competence
to tap them;
encouraged research and
experimentation in family
planning determinants;
financed research institutions of
repute in developing suitable
strategies for coping with
problems of high fertility;
highlighted the intimate
rei a tionship between family
planning and such variables as
socio-economic factors, cultural
milieu, status of women and
infant mortality, with a view
to assisting planners as
well as voluntary organisations
in formulating sound and
practical programmes;
help in general in placing before
the public crucial issues relating
to unstable population and its
unavoidable social and
economic consequences in
order to obtain heightened
awareness and stronger
commitment to individual and
group action as well as
responsive policy interventions.
The Foundation's finances come
mainly from Indian industrialists
and enterprises dedicated to the
promotion of human welfare
through family planning. These
donations, up to Rs. five lakhs,
has been exempted from income
tax. Earlier, the Foundation
received handsome grants
amounting to 1.2 million dollars
from the Ford Foundation. More
recently, the International
Development Research Centre of
Canadpl has agreed to assist the
Foundation, to the tune of 2.45
lakh dollars, for the action-oriented
project on infant mortality in five
states of the country.
The Foundation's resources are
limited. It cannot embark on
large-scale programmes of
development. On the basis of
experience gained in the past, it has
formulated well-defined criteria
for futuro project funding. It tries
to encourage projects which are:
development-oriented
innovative
replicative
gap-filling
economical
path-finding.
Laying the foundation stone of
the building of the Foundation on
December 17, 1986, Mr. J. R. D.
Tata said:
"We have to face the fact that
despite all the efforts made
and all the money spent over
the past two or three decades to
curb the rate of growth of the
population, the country has
failed to achieve anything like
the reduction in growth rate
required to relieve the pressure
on the standards of living of
our people."
The country's allocations for family
planning have indeed incre<:sed
from a mere Rs. 65 lakh in the
first five year plan to Rs. 3,256
crore in the seventh. The
Foundation is moving cautiously.
Whatever money it invests in any
project must bring commensurate
results. It is prepared to take risks
and encourage action where
others may not. But the chances
of success must be reasonable.
The Foundation's emphasis on
researGh and innovation derives
inspiration from this essential
principle.
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2.8 Page 18 |
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Governing Board
Mr. J.R.D. Tata _. Chairman
Dr. Bharat Ram - Vice Chairman
Dr. B. K. Anand
Dr. Dipak Bhatia
Mr. S. P. Godrej
Mr. Justice G. D. Khosla
Mr. H. P. Nanda
Mr. M. V. Arunachalam
Dr. D. P. Singh
Mrs. Tara Ali Baig
Dr. V. A. Pai Panandiker
Mr. Hari Shankar Singhania
Mr. B. G. Verghese
Mrs. Avabai B. Wadia
Mr. S. S. Dhanoa
(Ex-officio as Secretary,
Ministry of Health &
Family Welfare)
Mr. Harish Khanna
(Executive Director)
Prof. Sukhamoy Chakraverty
Prof. Ramlal Parikh
Prof. M. B. Srinivas
Dr. K. Srinivasan
Prof. T. N. Madan
Dr. P. C. Joshi
Dr. Yashpal
Dr. (Mrs.) Banoo J. Coyaji
Dr. A. S. Paintal
Dr. J. K. Satia
Dr. (Ms) Vina Mazumdar
Health and Biomedical
Dr. B. K. Anand
Prof. N.S. Deodhar
Dr. Laxmi Rahmattullah
Dr. Vasudev
Dr. M.R.N. Prasad
Dr. T.C. Anand Kumar
Dr. Badri N. Saxena
Dr. J.S. Gill
Dr. Padma Kashyap
Dr. C.P. Bhatia
Dr. S. Tejaja
Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Dr. S.N. Mukherjee
Dr. Vera Hingorani
Demography and Statistic
Prof. Prem P. Talwar
Prof. K. Ramachandran
Dr. P.H. Reddy
Social Anthropology, Sociology,
Economic, Politics and
Psychology (Social Sciences)
Prof. A.M. Shah
Dr. Victor S. D'Souza
Prof. Imtiaz Ahmed
Dr. Asha Bhende
Dr. B.R. Patil
Dr. Leela Dube
Population Policy
Dr. D. Seth
Dr. Vasant Pethe
Communication
Mr. G.N.S. Raghavan
Mr. V.N. Kakar
Mr. Chanchal Sarkar
Management
Dr. B.D. Sharma
Evaluation
Mr. S.S. Nair
Mr. G.A. Kulkarni
Community Participation
Dr. Vijay Kumar
Dr. a.p. Ghai
Dr. L.M. Nath
Dr. Dilip Mukerjee
Rural Development
Mr. Bunker Roy
Social Health
Dr. Mrs. Kamla Gopal Rao
Published by: Family Planning Foundation, 198, Golf Links, New Delhi-11 0003.
Design :Dilip Chowdhury Associates
Photographs: Courtesy UNICEF
Photograph on back cover: T. S. Nagarajan
Photographs on Page 11 : PIB
Printed at: Statesman Press,The Statesman Ltd., Connaught Circus, New Delhi.
June,1987
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2.9 Page 19 |
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What is my child's future?
Bright?
Yes .... provided .... ?
J.R.D. looks to it with hope.. as he lays the
foundation stone of the Family Planning
Foundation's building in the Institutional
area (JoN.V. Complex) New Delhi on
December 17, 1986.