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popfocus 2010 April June Hindi PFI |
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1 Pages 1-10 |
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1.1 Page 1 |
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dk’s k XXIII; vda 2 vçyS &tuw 2010
ikWiqys'ku QkmaMs'ku vkWQ bafM;k dh lekpkj if=dk
if'peh jkT;ksa% egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr vkSj jktLFkku esa
tula[;k] LokLF; vkSj lkekftd fodkl ij {ks=h; lEesyu
ih,Q-vkbZ- ds 40oha t;ra h lekjkgs ds
fgLls ds :i eas rhu ¼iow hZ] if”peh
vkSj mÙkjh½ {k=s h; lEeys u vkSj mlds ckn
tul[a ;k] LokLF; vkSj lkekftd fodkl
ls lca fa Ëkr {k=s fo”k’s k çkFkfedrkvkas vkSj
lq>kokas dks çkIr djus ds mn~n”s ; ds lkFk
,d jk’Vªh; lEeys u dh ;kts uk cukbZ xbZ
gSA ^iow hZ jkT;kas & fcgkj] >kj[k.M] mMh+ lk
vkSj if”pe cxa ky eas tul[a ;k] LokLF;
,oa lkekftd fodkl* ij igyk {k=s h;
lEeys u 16&17 Qjojh 2010 dks Hkqou”s oj
eas vk;kfs tr fd;k x;kA lEeys u ls mHkjs
lq>kokas dks O;kid forj.k ds fy, ,d
fjikVs Z ds :i eas fudkyk x;kA
^if'peh jkT;ksa & egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr
vkSj jktLFkku esa tula[;k] LokLF;
,oa lkekftd fodkl* ij nwljk {ks=h;
lEesyu 13&14 ebZ 2010 dks iq.ks esa
vk;kfs tr fd;k x;kA lEeys u dk mnn~ ”s ;
{k=s eas tul[a ;k] LokLF; vkjS lkekftd
ih-,Q-vkbZ- ds çdk’ku dks tkjh djrs ;kts uk vk;kxs lnL;] MkW- ujnas z tknoA vU; gSa ¼ck¡, ls nk¡,½%
Jh ,- vkj- una ] vfËk’kklh fun’s kd] ih-,Q-vkbZ-( Jh gfj ‘kda j fl?a kkfu;k] vË;{k] ih-,Q-vkbZ- vfËk’kklh
cksMZ( Jh ch-th- n’s keq[k] mikË;{k] ih-,Q-vkbZ- vfËk’kklh cksMZ( vkSj Jh t-s d-s cafFk;k] çËkku lfpo ,oa
vk;qDr ¼ifjokj dY;k.k½] lkoZtfud LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k foHkkx] egkjk”Vª ljdkjA
fodkl dh fLFkfr dks cgs rj cukus eas lgk;rk
ds fy, {k=s fo”k’s k çkFkfedrk,¡ vkjS l>q ko
çkIr djuk FkkA
lEeys u e]as ih-,Q-vkb-Z us ç”kkldk]as lekt
oKS kfudkas vkjS f”k{kkfonk]as jk’Vhª ;@vra jk’Z Vhª ;
lLa Fkkvkas vkjS ,u-th-vk-s & tks if”peh {k=s
{k=s h; lEeys u eas vk, çfrHkkxhA
vna j ds i"` Bkas ij
Hkkjr eas Ldfs yxa &vi% lh[k vkSj
vkxs dh jkg ij jk’Vªh; lEeys u ...4
ih-,Q-vkbZ- ds 40oha t;ra h lekjkgs
eas ;qokvkas ds ç;kl tkjh
...6
“kgjh LokLF; pqukSfr;k¡ vkSj mUgas
ikj djus ds ç;kl
...7
Lkh-,l-vkj- ekWM~;yw tkjh
...9
,u-vkj-,p-,e- ds vra xZr lkeqnkf;d
fuxjkuh ij jk’Vªh; forj.k cSBd ...10
vkSj iqjLdkj tkrk gS-----
...12
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1.2 Page 2 |
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vfËk'kklh fun's kd dh dye l-s --
Hkkjr eas ekr` e`R;q dh l[a ;k fo”o eas lcls vfËkd gSA gj o"kZ ,d yk[k
ls vfËkd efgyk,¡ xHkkËZ kku ;k çlo lca fa Ëkr tfVyrkvkas ds dkj.k ej jgh
gS]a vFkkZr çfr 8 feuV eas ,d efgyk dh e`R;q gkrs h gSA gj ejus okyh efgyk
ds fy, 30 vU; efgykvkas eas fpjdkfyd vkSj detkjs cukus okyh n”kk,a iSnk
gks tkrh g]aS tks thou dh x.q koÙkk dks xHa khj :i ls çHkkfor djrh gAaS 'kh?kz fookg
vkjS fd'kkjs koLFkk eas xHkËZ kkj.k ekrd` vkjS f'k'kq eR` ;lq [a ;k ds egRoi.w kZ dkj.k gAaS
cgq vkSj de vra j esa xHkkZËkku okyh vfËkd efgykvkas okys jkT;kas eas Hkh ,e-,e-
vkj-@vkbZ-,e-vkj- vfËkd gSA fcgkj] m-ç-] e-ç- vkSj jktLFkku & bu lHkh
fo”kky mŸkj Hkkjrh; jkT;kas ds ekeys eas Tkul[a ;k fLFkjhdj.k vHkh Hkh eq[;
vkSj egRoi.w kZ puq kSrh gSA bu pkjkas jkT;kas eas LokLF; lda rs d fo”k’s krkSj ij fuEu
gS%a mPp ekr`d e`R;ql[a ;k] mPp f'k'kq e`R;ql[a ;k] mPp cky dqik"s k.k ds lkFk
lkFk mPp ekr`d dqik"s k.kA lk{kjrk ds fuEu Lrj vkSj xjhch ds mPp Lrj ds
dkj.k ls fLFkfr vkSj Hkh [kjkc gks tkrh gS] ftldk ifj.kke gkrs k gS & fookg
ds le; de vk;q vkSj mPp çtuurk njA ;s jkT; n's k dh tul[a ;k dk
yxHkx 40 çfr'kr Hkkx cukrs gSa vkSj vkus okys n'kdkas eas 50 çfr'kr ls vfËkd
of` ) ds fy, ftEens kj gkxas Asa bu jkT;kas dk çn”kuZ vkSj tulkfa [;dh; ifj.kke]
ml le; vkSj tul[a ;k vkdkj dks fuËkkZfjr djxs k] ftl ij Hkkjr vxys Ng
n”kd vkfn eas tul[a ;k fLFkjhdj.k dks çkIr djxs kA
gkyk¡fd cgqr le; ls Hkkjr dh tul[a ;k o`f) ?kVrh jgh gS] ijra q lexz
tul[a ;k c<r+ h jgxs h D;kfas d 51 çfr”kr ls vfËkd efgyk tul[a ;k çtuu
vk;q legw ¼15&49 o"kZ½ eas gSA lkFk gh fiNys o"kkZas dh mPp tUe nj ds dkj.k
gj o"kZ çtuu vk;q legw eas ço”s k djus okys O;fDr;kas dh l[a ;k c<r+ h gSA ;g
rF; vkus okys n”kdkas eas Hkkjr dh tul[a ;k eas fo”kky l[a ;k tkMs r+ k tk,xkA
tul[a ;k Xkfr dks de djus okyk lcls egRoi.w kZ dkjd gS fookg@lgokl dh
vk;q c<k+ uk vkjS fookg rFkk çFke xHkZ ds chp vra j c<k+ uk] D;kfas d blls ihf<;+ kas
ds chp le; c<xs+ k vkjS bldk çcy çHkko yMf+ d;kas ds fy, Ldyw ds o’kZ c<k+ us
ls vk ldrk gSA Tkul[a ;k xfr dks & efgykvkas dh Ekkr`Ro ds vykok vU;
egRoi.w kZ Hkfw edkvkas dks c<k+ ok nus ]s ;qok efgykvkas dh f'k{kk] vk; vkSj foÙkh;
lk[k ij ig¡qp c<k+ u]s ;oq k efgykvkas vkjS i#q "kkas dks tkudkjh vkjS mfpr los kvkas
ij igq¡p çnku djds vkSj ;qok efgykvkas vkSj iq#"kkas ds chp lekurk dks
çkRs lkgu vkSj muds oSokfgd ftEens kjh ifjç{s ; dks cgs rj cukus ds }kjk fd;k
tk ldrk gSA Qkds l Li’V :i ls igq¡p vkSj xq.koŸkk ds eqn~nkas dks lca kfs Ëkr
dj xjhckas ds fy, LokLF; ,oa ifjokj fu;kts u los kvkas dks cgs rj cukus vkSj
ns[kHkky dh xq.koÙkk (QoC) lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, O;ogkfjd lda rs d
fodflr djus ij cus jguk pkfg,A ge fo”kky ;oq k tul[a ;k ds Hkkx ds lkFk
& tulkfa [;dh; ykHkk¡”k dk Qk;nk & mBkus ds ,ls s volj ds dxkj ij gSa
tks “kk;n nkcs kjk u feyAs gkyk¡fd],ls k ge mUgas LoLFk j[k dj vkSj los kvkas eas
x.q koÙkki.w kZ n[s kHkky ds lkFk lgh çtuu puq kokas ds fy, l”kDr cukdj gh dj
ldrs gSAa tc ,u-vkj-,p-,e- Øec) lqËkkjkas vkSj tul[a ;k fLFkjhdj.k ds
fy, lkekftd&tulkfa [;dh; y{;kas dks çkIr djus ds fy, leko”s ku ç.kkyh
fodflr djus dk ,d volj gS] rc geas Lo;a dks ;g ;kn fnykuk vfuok;Z
gS fd blds fy, ykxs kas vkjS lenq k; Lrj dk fu;kts u] dk;kUZ o;u vkjS fuxjkuh
ds ftl l”kfDrdj.k dh vko;drk gS mls ,d jk’Vªh; vkna kys u ds :i eas vkxs
ys tkuk gkxs kA
,-vkj-uan
2
ds bu enq n~ kas ls ljkds kj j[krs gaS & mUgas lQyrkvk]as
vra jkas vkSj Hkfo’; ds fy, lq>kokas ij ppkZ djus ds
fy, ,d epa ij ,d= fd;kA yxHkx 95 çfrHkkfx;kas
us lEeys u eas Hkkx fy;kA
lEeys u ds mn~n”s ; fuEufyf[kr Fk%s
Û egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr vkSj jktLFkku eas
tulkfa [;dh; vkSj LokLF; ifjorZu çfØ;k
ij Li’V ifjç{s ; yus kA
Û jkT; ljdkjkas }kjk Tkul[a ;k ,oa LokLF; ds
eqn~nkas dh igykas dks l{a kis eas nkgs jkukA
Û jkT;] {k=s h; vkSj jk’Vªh; Lrjkas ij uhfrxr
fufgrkFkkZas ds lkFk lq>ko rS;kj djukA
Jh gfj'kadj flagkfu;k] vË;{k] ih-,Q-vkbZ-
vfËk'kklh cksMZ us vius Lokxr Hkk’k.k eas bfa xr
fd;k fd Hkkjr tulkfa [;dh; ifjorZu ds eË; eas
gSA cqfu;knh tulfa [;dh; lpw dkda kas dh çkfIr eas
jkT;kas ds chp egRoi.w kZ vra j fn[kkbZ nrs s gSAa
lEeys u ds mn~?kkVu l= ds eq[; vfrfFk ;kstuk
vk;ksx ds lnL;] MkW- ujsanz tkno FkAs vius
mn~?kkVu Hkk’k.k e]as mUgkuas s LokLF; vkSj lgk;d
{k=s kas ij ;kts uk eas O;; c<k+ us ds fy, mBk, x,
dnekas dk ftØ+ fd;kA mUgkuas s fof”k’V LokLF;
lda rs dkas vkSj ;kts uk dks ftl fn”kk eas tkus dh
vko”;drk gS ml ij fjikVs Z Hkh i”s k dhA
MkW- tkno us ih-,Q-vkbZ- ds çdk”ku & tula[;k]
LokLF; vkSj lkekftd fodkl% egkjk"Vª]
xqtjkr vkSj jktLFkku & dks tkjh fd;k ftls
fo”k’s kdj lEeyus ds fy, mn~?kkVu l= eas yk;k
x;k FkkA
Jh t-s d-s cfa Fk;k] çËkku lfpo ,oa vk;qDr ¼ifjokj
dY;k.k½] lkoZtfud LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k
foHkkx] egkjk’Vª ljdkj us ^^egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr vkSj
jktLFkku eas tulkfa [;dh; ifjorZu% eqn~ns vkSj
ljkds kj^^ ij vius e[q ; Hkk’k.k e]as 18oha lnh ds vra
ls tul[a ;k o`f) vkSj tulkfa [;dh; ifjorZu ls
tqMs+ fofHké fl)k¡rkas ij çdk”k MkykA o’kZ 2025 dh
ç{kfs ir tul[a ;k ds fy, mUgkuas s dgk] ^^okf’kZd
o`f) nj 1 çfr”kr ds djhc gkxs hA o’kZ 2026 e]as
phu dks ihNs NkMs r+ s gq,] Hkkjr dh tul[a ;k 1-4
fcfy;u gkus s dh lHa kkouk gSA lHa kkfor thoudky
vkSj vfËkd c<+ tk,xk] vkSj efgyk laHkkfor
thoudky Hkh Å¡pk gkxs kA 20&30&40 lky igys
tulkfa [;dh; ifjorZu ds vfa re pj.k ls xqtjus
okyh tul[a ;k tSls LohMu] tkiku] eas lHa kkfor
thoudky vc 85 o’kZ ls vfËkd gSA
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1.3 Page 3 |
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mn~?kkVu vkSj lekiu l= ds vfrfjDr
lEeys u eas ik¡p e[q ; l= Fks % ¼d½ fookfgr
fd”kkfs j;kas dk çtuu LokLF;( ¼[k½ cky
ik’s k.k % eqn~ns vkSj ljkds kj( ¼x½ ,u-vkj-
,p-,e- ds vra xZr lkeqnkf;d dk;Zokgh(
¼?k½ ljq f{kr ekrR` o% enq n~ s vkjS ljkds kj( vkjS
¼³½ xHkZfujkËs k vkSj n[s kHkky dh xq.koÙkk%
eqn~ns vkSj ljkds kjA
Jh gfj“kda j fl?a kkfu;k] vË;{k] ih-,Q-vkb-Z
vfËk”kklh ckMs Z( Jh ch-th-n”s keq[k] mikË;{k]
ih-,Q-vkbZ- vfËk”kklh ckMs Z lers ih-,Q-
vkb-Z vfËk”kklh ckMs Z ds vU; fof”k’V lnL;(
U;k;ewfrZ yhyk lsB( Jh ch-th- oxhZl(
çk-s jta hr jkW; pkSËkjh( Jh t-lh-ira vkSj
MkW- uhuk iqjh vkSj ih-,Q-vkbZ- lykgdkj
ifj’kn lnL;kas MkW- Å’kk vkj- —’.k vkSj
yhyk folkfj;k us lEesyu dks viuh
mifLFkfr ls vuqxzghr fd;kA
ppkZ ds fy, fo’k; fo”k’s kK ds lkFk gj l=
dh vË;{krk ih-,Q-vkbZ- vfËk”kklh ckMs Z ds
lnL; }kjk dh xbZA fofHké l=kas eas iSuy
ds lnL;kas dh l[a ;k 2 ls 5 ds chp FkhA
lkekU;r% iSuy ds lnL;kas us o.kuZ ds lkFk
viuh ikWoj IokbaV çLrqfr;k¡ is”k dhaA
O;kikfjd l= eas vË;{k vkSj ppkZ djus
okykas }kjk gLr{kis ds vykok dqy 18
çLrfq r;k¡ FkhAa
gj l= ds ckn [kqyh ppkZ gqbZ] ftleas
n”kZdkas us mRlkg ls Hkkx fy;kA ç”u vkSj
mÙkj rFkk fVIif.k;k¡] ppkZ fd, tk jgs
fo’k; ij cgq&vk;keh ifjç{s ; çkIr djus
vkSj vFkZi.w kZ fopkjkas ds vknku&çnku dk
volj cu x,A
,d rjg ls lEeys u çfrHkkfx;kas ds fy,
,d eYw ;oku vuqHko cu x;k D;kfas d os
tku ik, fd fofHké jkT; ¼ljdkj vkSj
uxj lekt nkuas k½s vius U;k;kf;d {k=s eas
ljkds kjkas ds eqn~ns ij çxfr ds fy, igy
dj jgs gSAa lkFk gh blls dk;Zokgh&çfs jr
fpra u ds fy, fofHké fcna q lkeus vk,A
fofHké jkT;kas dk çfrfufËkRo djrs çfrHkkfx;kas
}kjk lkeus vkus okyh lkefw gd vfHkO;fDr
Fkh fd mUgas ljkds kjk]as lkekftd fodkl
eas nkos nkj ds :Ik eas ljdkj dh ftEens kjh]
vkSj dfe;kas ds ckjs eas okdbZ tkudkjh
FkhA
ejkBh lkLa —frd çn’kZu djrs ;qok dykdkjA
tgk¡ mUgkuas s lEeys u dks fofHké dk;kZfUor
;k çLrkfor mik;kas ls voxr djk;k] ogha
os lh[kus ds fy, Hkh mrus gh vkrqj FkAs
lEeys u eas vk, reke çfrfufËk;kas ds fy,]
yxk fd ;g ,d le`) vuqHko jgk] tgk¡
ldkjkRed n`f’Vdk.s k dks çkRs lkgu feyk
fd vkxs os lHkh drkZvkas ls vfËkd lefiZr
ifj.kke dh vk”kk j[k ldrs gSAa
Hkfo’; eas ,ls s dk;ØZ ekas ds fu;kts u eas lgk;rk
vkSj lh[k dh çfrlpw uk ¼QhMcSd½ ds fy,
vk;kts dkas us çfrHkkfx;kas ls ,d oxhZ—r
ç”ukoyh HkjokbZA
lEeys u eas ejkBh lkLa —frd Hk.Mkj dks
n”kkrZ k “kkunkj lkLa —frd dk;ØZ e vk;kfs tr
fd;k x;k tks igys fnu dh “kke dks bUVdS
(INTACH) ds ;oq k dykdkj legw }kjk i”s k
fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe dks vkerkSj ij
çfrHkkfx;kas us ,d le`) vuqHko ds :i eas
n[s kkA
lEeys u dks LFkkuh; vkSj jk’Vªh; ehfM;k &
fçVa ] vkWfM;k&s ohfM;ks vkSj bVa juVs & ls
ldkjkRed dojst çkIr gqbZA ehfM;k
dk;ZdrkZ fofHké l=kas eas HkyhHkk¡fr mifLFkr
FkAs
lEeys u ls mHkjs dqN lq>ko fuEufyf[kr
ljkds kjkas ds bnZfxnZ ?kew rs jg%s
Û ,d ijw h rjg fØ;k”khy ukxfjd
ita hdj.k ç.kkyh n”s k ds fy, cgs n
egRoi.w kZ gSA ita hdj.k çek.ki= dk
eqn~nk ita hdj.k ç.kkyh dh lQyrk
ds fy, vfuok;Z gSA
Û c<r+ k çfrdyw fyxa vuqikr] tks bl
{k=s eas c<r+ h lia érk ds lkFk tqMk+
ekyew gkrs k gS] xHa khj fpra k dk fo’k;
gS vkSj blls fuiVus ds fy, etcrw
jktuhfrd bPNk dh vko”;drk gSA
Û lkekftd :i ls gkfudkjd cky
fookg çFkk dks lekIr djus ds fy,
Hkh etcrw jktuhfrd bPNk dh
vko”;drk gSA
Û LokLF;&lca fa Ëkr eqn~nkas dks lca kfs Ëkr
djus eas fofHké e=a ky;kas vkSj foHkkxkas
ds chp leko”s ku egRoi.w kZ gSA
Û dk;ZØekas dh fuxjkuh vkSj eYw ;kda u
ds egRo ij yxkrkj tkjs nus s dh
vko”;drk gSA
Û leqnk; eas forj.k ds fy, nokvkas dks
ljdkj ls Fkkds eas [kjhnuk] LokLF;&
lca fa Ëkr dherkas dks de djus vkSj
leqnk; dh LokLF; lpw h dks cgs rj
djus eas mi;kxs h gkxs kA
lEeys u ls mHkjs fofHké lq>kokas dks O;kid
forj.k ds fy, ,d fjikVs Z ds :i eas çdkf”kr
fd;k x;k gSA
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1.4 Page 4 |
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Hkkjr esa Ldsfyax&vi% lh[k vkSj vkxs dh jkg ij jk”Vªh; lEesyu
fiNys dNq o’kkaZs l]s ih-,Q-vkb-Z eSdkFkjZ
QkmaMs”ku vkSj eSaustesaV flLVEl~
baVjus”kuy (MSI) dh lgk;rk ls
,u-th-vk-s urs `Ro eas Hkkjr eas çtuu vkSj
cky LokLF; ¼vkj-lh-,p-½ ds {ks= esa
uohurkvkas dh Ldfs yxa &vi^ dks lyq Hk djkrk
vk;k gSA ;s Ldfs yxa &vi ç;kl ,e-,l-
vkbZ- fodflr Ldfs yxa &vi çcËa ku <k¡ps ds
ç;ksx ij vkËkkfjr vkSj ekxZnf”kZr gSaA
Ldsfyax&vi ij ih-,Q-vkbZ- dk tksj]
vfËkdk¡”kr%] bl vkHkkl ds dkj.k jgk fd
dbZ lkjs lHa kkfor] ;k çekf.kr] NkVs s iSekus
dh uohurk,¡ gaS ftUgas ;fn Øec) rjhds ls
cMs+ iSekus ij ys tk;k tk, rks mudk
LokLF; ifj.kkekas ij egRoi.w kZ çHkko gks
ldrk gSA
Ldfs yxa &vi vuqHko ds lgHkktu ds fy,]
19 vçSy 2010 dks ubZ fnYyh ds bfa M;k
gfcVVs lVas j eas ^Ldfs yxa &vi % lh[k vkSj
vkxs dh jkg^ ij ,d jk’Vªh; lEeys u dk
vk;kts u fd;k x;kA ;kts uk vk;kxs dh
lgk;rk vkSj eSdkFkZj QkmaMs”ku rFkk
,e-,l-vkb-Z ds lg;kxs ds lkFk lEeys u us
vH;kldrkZvksa] ç”kkldksa vkSj jk’Vªh;@
vra jk’Z Vhª ; {k=s ds f”k{kkfonkas dks ,d lkefw gd
epa ij ,d= fd;kA lEeys u us Ldfs yxa &vi
ds jk’Vªh; vkSj oSf”od vuqHkokas ls Kku
fy;k vkSj dbZ lkjs vkjfa Hkd Ldfs yxa &vi
çkts Ds Vkas dh lhfer lQyrk ds ihNs ds
dkj.kkas dks [kkts kA bldk mn~n”s ; Hkkjr eas
lekftd {k=s ds dk;ZØekas ds Ldfs yxa &vi
ds fy, fot+u vkSj j.kuhfr fodflr
djuk FkkA
l= 1% ljdkjh ç.kkfy;kas }kjk Ldfs yxa &viA
4
mn~?kkVu l= us
Ldsfyax&vi
voËkkj.kk ij
çdk”k Mkyk vkSj
Ldsfyax&vi
çcËa ku <k¡pk ftls
Hkkjr eas çtuu
LokLF; vkjfa Hkd
dk;ZØeksa dks
c<+kus ds fy,
ç;kxs fd;k x;k
gS] mldh vke
l e > c u k b Z A mn~?kkVu l= eas iSuy ds lnL;A
lqJh iwue
eqFkjstk] daVªh Mk;jsDVj] eSdkFkZj lgHkktu djrs gq,] lqJh lqËkk fiYybZ]
QkmaMs”ku us c<k+ , tkus dh lHa kkouk okyh lfpo] ;kstuk vk;ksx us dgk fd jk’Vªh;
uohurkvkas @ vkja fHkd dk;ØZ ekas dks vunq ku lEeys u ,ls s fo’k; ij dfas nzr gS ftl ij
nus s ls lca fËkr QkmMa ”s ku ds vuqHkokas vkSj yEcs le; ls ppkZ djuk “k’s k FkkA uxj
puq kSfr;kas dk lgHkktu fd;kA Jh ,- vkj- lekt ds fy, mudh lykg vkjafHkd
uan] vfËk’klh funs’kd] ih-,Q-vkbZ-( dk;ZØekas eas vra fuZfgr fodkl”khy ehy ds
MkW- fjpMZ dksy] çkstsDV Mk;jsDVj] iRFkj gkus s pkfg, tks mUgas cMs+ iSekus ij ys
Ldsfyax&vi] ,e-,l-vkbZ-( vkSj tkus eas enn djxas As mUgkuas s egllw fd;k
MkW- jtuh osn] lhfu;j vlksfl,V] fd] ljdkj ds fy, egRoi.w kZ gS vkjfa Hkd
,e-,l-vkbZ- us Ldfs yxa &vi <k¡ps ij ckr dk;ZØe “kq: u djs cfYd cMs+ iSekus dh
dh vkSj ,d eË;LFk lla kËku lLa Fkk ds :i ;kts ukvkas ij dke djas ftueas fofHké {k=s kas
eas Ldfs yxa &vi lyq Hk djkus ds vuHq ko vkjS dh fo”ks’k vko”;drk,¡ vkSj varfuZfgr
mlls feyh lh[k dk lgHkktu fd;kA yphykiu gkrs k gAS Jh ySjh dwyh] vË;{k]
mn~?kkVu Hkk’k.k nrs s gq,] Jh v#.k ekbjk] ,e-,l-vkbZ- us Ldfs yxa &vi ij oSf”od
lnL;] ;kts uk vk;kxs ] Hkkjr ljdkj] us ifjç{s ; çLrqr fd;kA mUgkuas s Ldfs yxa &vi
,ls s lekËkkukas dh [kkts ij tkjs fn;k tks ij lkr O;ogkfjd ikBkas dk lgHkktu
,d gh le; eas oSf”od vkSj LFkkuh; Lrj fd;k vkjS dgk fd gkykf¡ d Hkkjr eas ;g ,d
ij çHkkoh gkAas ljdkjh ç.kkfy;kas ds ekË;e NkVs k m|e gS] mls ikfs ’kr djuk egRoi.w kZ
ls Ldfs yxa &vi ij dfas nzr igys l= dh gSA vxz.kh vFkZ’kkL=h] MkW- ,- ds- f’ko
vË;{krk Jh v#.k ekbjk us dhA bl l= ds dqekj us dgk fd ;|fi Ldfs yxa &vi çfØ;k
fy, iSuy ds eas #fp c<+ jgh gS] Ldfs yxa &vi dks lgh
lnL; Fks & lJq h rjg ls dSls lHa kkyuk gS ;g tkuuk vkSj
lqËkk fiYybZ] lcls detkjs legw Ldfs yxa &vi dk dnas z
lfpo] ;kstuk cus jgas ;g lqfuf”pr djuk egRoi.w kZ gSA
vk;ksx] Hkkjr lkekftd {k=s eas gLr{kis vfuok;Z :i ls
ljdkj( Jh ySjh cgq&vk;keh Fks vkSj pqukSrh Fkh cgs n tfVy
dyw h] vË;{k] ,e- i;koZ j.k eas tgk¡ cgq lLa Fkk,¡@drkZ vkjS cgq
,l-vkb-Z ( vkjS Mk-W eqn~ns Fk]s mls cMs+ iSekus ij dSls ys tk;k
,- d-s f”ko deq kj] tk,A mnkgj.k ds fy,] [kk| ij igq¡p
fodkl vFk”Z kkL=hA lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, O;fDr dks vU; ds
Ldfs yxa &vi ij lkFk LokLF;] f”k{kk] ik’s k.k vkSj efgykvkas
;kstuk vk;ksx dh fLFkfr tSls cgqr ls lca fa Ëkr dkjdkas dks
ds ifjçs{; dk n[s kuk iMr+ k gAS Jh v#.k ekbjk] lnL;]
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1.5 Page 5 |
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l= 2 % Ldfs yxa &vi ds vuqHkoA
;kstuk vk;ksx us l= dk lekiu ;g
dg dj fd;k fd Ldfs yxa &vi dh çfØ;k
xfr”khy gS vkSj lalkËku laLFkkvks us
Ldfs yxa &vi dks lqyHk cukus eas mi;kxs h
Hkfw edk fuHkkbZ gSA mUgkuas s Ldfs yxa &vi ds
fy, lg;kxs dh {kerk dks eyw Hkrw crkus
ij tkjs Hkh fn;kA
nlw js l= eas pqfuna k Ldfs yxa &vi vuqHkokas
dks i”s k fd;k x;kA l= dh lHkkË;{k] ;kts uk
vk;kxs dh lnL;] MkW lbZnk gehn Fkha vkSj
iSuy eas & MkW- vHk; ck¡x] lpZ( MkW- ,p-
lqn”kZu] d#.kk VªLV( lqJh fejkbZ pSVthZ]
foek&s los k( vkSj Jh d-s ,l- efw rZ] Hkfo’;
vyk,Ul & “kkfey FkAs MkW- vHk; ck¡x us
x`g&vkËkkfjr uotkr vkSj f”k”kq n[s kHkky
(HBNCC) ekWMy ds Ldfs yxa &vi vuqHko
dk lgHkktu fd;k tks lpZ }kjk fodflr
vkSj vkjaHk fd;k x;k gSA iSekus ij
dk;kUZ o;u dh ^x.q koÙkk^ dks lfq uf”pr djus
ds ç;klkas dh :ij[s kk crkrs g,q ] MkW- ck¡x us
dgk fd dqN o’kkZas ls lpZ us rjg rjg dh
çf”k{k.k lkefx;z kas ds lkFk lkFk çf”k{k.k dk
lkis kuh ekWMy fodflr dj fy;k gS tks
pkj Lrjkas ds dk;kZfUor djus okykas dks
“kkfey djrk g%S çcËa kd] çf”k{kd] liq jokbtj
vkSj vk”kkA ekWMy }kjk viuk, x, çek.k
vkËkkfjr rjhds us cgqrlh pqukSfr;kas dk
tokc nus s eas lgk;rk dh] vkSj ifj.kke ;g
gqvk fd ekWMy dks u dos y Hkkjr eas fofHké
jkT;kas eas cMs+ iSekus ij ys tk;k x;k cfYd
cxa ykn”s k vkSj dqN vÝhdh n”s kkas eas Hkh ys
tk;k x;kA lcls gky ds ofS ”od uhfrxr
ifjorZu & 2009 eas MCY;-w ,p-vk]s ;fw ulQs ]
;,w l,M~ vkjS los fn fpYMuZ QMa dk l;a Dq r
dFku ftleas & ;fn jQs jy ektS nw u gks rks
uotkrkas dks ?kj ij n[s kuk vkSj chekj
uotkrkas dh ?kj ij çf”kf{kr dk;ZdrkZvkas
}kjk n[s kHkky dh
vuqefr nh xbZ &
crkrs gq, mUgkuas s
dgk fd ;g
cnyko ykus ds
fy, 20 o’kkZas rd
iSjoh djuh iMh+ A
MkW- ,p- lqn’kZu]
d#.kk VªLV us
VªLV }kjk
dk;kfZ Uor çkFkfed
LokLF; ns[kHkky
¼ih-,p-lh-½ çcËa ku
ds ^lkotZ fud&futh lgHkkfxrk^ ¼ih-ih-ih-½
ekWMy ij ckr dhA Ldfs yxa &vi eas lkeus
vkbZ pqukSfr;ksa ij çdk”k Mkyrs gq,]
MkW- lqn”kZu us bfa xr fd;k fd vius ih-ih-
ih- ekWMy dks cMs+ iSekus ij ys tkrs le;]
mUgas dbZ lkjs nkons kjkas ls fojkËs k dk lkeuk
djuk iMk+ ] fofHké Lrjkas ij Hkz’Vkpkj ds
f[kykQ yMk+ bZ dh] dbZ lkjh lLa Fkkxr
pqukSfr;kas tSls & deZpkfj;kas dk tkuk vkSj
ctVkas dk çcËa ku & dk lkeuk djuk iMk+
vkSj fQj os bl lc ls ckgj fudyAs
mUgkuas s dgk] vkt VªLV u dos y ik¡p jkT;kas
ds 48 ih-,p-lh- eas vPNh xoq .kÙkki.w kZ los k,¡
çnku dj jgk gS cfYd 2011 rd vkxs vkjS
rhu jkT;kas eas Ldfs yxa &vi dh çfØ;k eas
FkAs ;g ftyk LokLF; çcËa ku vkjS ,Q-vkj-
;-w çcËa ku eas ih-ih-ih- Hkh yk jgs FkAs xqtjkr
fLFkr ,u-th-vks- foeks&lsok dh lqJh
fejkbZ pSVthZ] us foek&s los k ds leqnk;
vkËkkfjr l{w e chek Ldfs yxa &vi vuHq ko ij
ckr dhA mUgkuas s dgk Ldfs yxa &vi dk
vkjHa k efgyk dk;dZ rkvZ kas dks lia .w kZ thoudky
eas O;ogk;Z rjhds ls chek ig¡qp lqfuf”pr
djus tSlk y{; fuËkkZfjr djus ls gqvkA
blds ckn dbZ
dne mBk, x,
tlS s of` ) y{;kas dk
fooj.k nsrh
O;kikfjd ;kts uk
fodflr djuk]
HkkSxkfs yd QSyko]
lgHkkxh vkSj
j.kuhfr;k¡A bl
çfØ;k ls feyh
eq[; lh[kksa ij
çdk”k Mkyrs g,q ]
mUgkuas s dgk fd n’kZdkas dh ,d >ydA
nh?kkZis ;kfs xrk ds fy, jktLo iSnk djuk
,d pqukSrh FkhA gkyk¡fd] mfpr mRiknkas
vkSj forj.k ekË;ekas ds lkFk] Ldfs yxa &vi
}kjk eË;e ls nh?kdZ kyhu lenq k; vkËkkfjr
l{w e&chek nh?kkiZs ;kfs xrk lHa ko FkhAa Jh ds-
,l- ewfrZ] Hkfo”; vyk,Ul us ^cg&q {k=s h;
lgHkkfxrk ds ekË;e ls Hkkjr eas cky ik’s k.k
dks cgs rj cuku^s ij ckr dhA Jh efw rZ us
dgk] Hkfo’; vyk,Ul ds vra xZr lpa kfyr
çk;kfs xd dk;ZØekas dks ljdkjh dk;ZØek]as
ç.kfy;kas vkjS ljpa ukvkas ds vna j dke djus
ds fy, fMtkbu fd;k x;k FkkA l= dh
lHkkË;{k MkW- lbZnk gehn us dgk fd lHkh
çLrqrdrkZ vius {k=s eas çfr:i gSa vkSj
mudk iFkçn”khZ dk;Z & çR;ds ,d vyx
lkekftd fodkl ds {ks= esa & dks
lQyrkiow Zd nkgs jk;k tk jgk gSA mUgkuas s
?kks’k.kk dh fd buds vuqHkoksa us
Hkkjr eas Ldfs yxa &vi ds fy, lda rs çnku
fd,A
rhljs l= eas ^Ldfs yxa &vi eas fuxjkuh vkSj
eYw ;kda u vkSj çek.k fuek.kZ dh Hkfw edk dks
n[s kk x;kA l= ds lHkkË;{k Mk-aW ujnas z tkno]
lnL;] ;kts uk vk;kxs ] Hkkjr ljdkj] Fks
vkSj iSuy eas & MkW- çrki Fkk;Zu] fun”s kd]
lkmFk ,f”k;u dkds jus uVs odZ ,.M lVas j(
MkW- fjpMZ dS”k] gkjoMZ Ldyw vkQW ifCyd
gSYFk( vkSj MkW- Vh- lqna jjeu] dk;Zdkjh
fun”s kd] jk’Vªh; LokLF; ç.kyh lla kËku
dnas z (NHSRC) & “kkfey FkAs
MkW- çrki Fkk;Zu] lkmFk ,f’k;u
dksdjsu usVodZ ,.M lsaVj us ^dkds jus
leh{kk% Ldfs yxa &vi ds fy, çek.k fuek.Z k^
ij ckr dhA mUgkuas s dgk] ^^dos y djas ugha
cfYd lgh rjhds ls dj^as ^ vkSj ^^foLr`r
fooj.k gh d’V dk dkj.k gS^^ nks ,ls s e=a
‘ks”k i`”B 8 ij----
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1.6 Page 6 |
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ih-,Q-vkbZ- ds 40oha t;arh lekjksg esa ;qokvksa ds ç;kl tkjh
ih,Q-vkb-Z ds 40oha t;ra h lekjkgs ds fgLls ds :i e]as egkjk’Vª]
xqtjkr vkSj jktLFkku gj ,d ds pkj ftykas eas lekt ds
detkjs legw k]as fo”k’s kdj “kgjh cfLr;kas ds Ldyw u tkus okys
fd”kkjs @;oq kvkas ds chp ikLs Vj] ukjk vkjS ukVd çfr;kfs xrk,¡ vk;kfs tr
dh xbAZa
QkmMa ”s ku us bu pkj jkT;kas eas dk;Z djus ds fy, Ng ,u-th-vk-s
lg;kfs x;kas & dE;fw ufV ,M~ ,.M LikWUljf”ki çkxs zke ¼lh-,-,l-ih½]
cky lla kj lLa Fkk ¼ch-,l-,l-½] lkls kbfV Vw vify¶V :jy bdkuW kes h
¼,l-;-w vkj-b-Z ½] bfa M;u jMs ØkWl lkls kbfV ¼vkb-Z vkj-lh-,l-½] lgt
vkSj xukUrj & dks pquk gSA lh-,-,l-ih- us egkjk’Vª ds eoky]
jk;x<]+ iq.ks vkSj eqEcbZ ftykas eas dk;ZØe vk;kfs tr fd,A jktLFkku
e]as ch-,l-,l- }kjk t;iqj vkSj vtejs eas vkSj ,l-;-w vkj-bZ- }kjk
ckMe+ js vkSj tSlyejs eas çfr;kfs xrk,¡ vk;kfs tr dhAa xqtjkr e]as
bfa M;u jMs ØkWl lkls kbfV us Hkkouxj vkSj xk¡Ëkhuxj ftykas eas
xfrfofËk;k¡ vk;kfs tr dha tcfd lgt vkSj xukUrj us oMkns jk vkSj
lnqa juxj ftykas eas dk;ZØe vk;kfs tr fd,A
6
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1.7 Page 7 |
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‘kgjh LokLF; pqukSfr;k¡ vkSj mUgsa ikj djus ds ç;kl
rsth ls c<+rh ‘kgjh tula[;k
vkSj xjhch
Hkkjr dh “kgjh tul[a ;k rts h ls c<+
jgh g]S 1991&2001 ds n”kd ds nkjS ku
eas ;g 31-2 çfr”kr c<h+ tcfd xzkeh.k
tul[a ;k blls Ëkheh xfr 17-9 çfr”kr ls
c<h+ A tux.kuk ds vuqeku ldrsa nrs s gSa
fd 350 fefy;u dh oreZ ku “kgjh tul[a ;k
2026 rd c<d+ j 534 fefy;u gks tk,xh]
tks n”s k dh dyq tul[a ;k dk 38-2 çfr”kr
fgLlk gSA
“kgjh xjhc] Hkkjrh; tul[a ;k dk lcls
rts h ls c<+ jgk Hkkx gS] vkSj blds 2005 eas
80 fefy;u ls 2020 rd 202 fefy;u
¼;-w ,u- gfS cVVs ½ rd c<+ tkus dh vi{s kk gAS
vfËkdk¡”k “kgjh xjhc efyu cfLr;kas eas
jgrs gS]a mueas ls cgqrkas ds uke ljdkjh
fjdkMZ dh lpw h eas ntZ ugha gAS bu cfLr;kas
eas Hkh] detkjs legw kas tSls & dpjk mBkus
oky]s fuekZ.k dk;Z djus okys etnjw vkSj
QqVikFk ij jgus okys & ds [k.M gSAa
os LokLF; vkSj vU; cqfu;knh los kvkas ij u
ds cjkcj igq¡p ds lkFk cgqr vfËkd [kjkc
i;kZoj.k eas jgrs gSAa
‘kgjh xjhc dk LokLF;
cfLr;kas vkjS vU; “kgjh xjhc efyu cfLr;ks
dh vLoLFkdj n”kk vkjS lkFk eas los kvkas dh
deh “kgjh xjhckas ds LokLF; tkfs [ke dks
c<k+ nrs h gAaS muds LokLF; dh fLFkfr “kgjh
eË;oxZ vkjS mPPk vk; legw kas ls dgha vfËkd
[kjkc gSA ;s LokLF; vlekurk,¡ vkerkSj
ij miyCËk LokLF; vkd¡ Mk+ as eas ugha >ydrhAa
vfËkdk¡”k fo”kky vk¡dMk+ as ds legw xzkeh.k
vkjS “kgjh vklS rkas ij tkudkjh çnku djrs
gSa vkSj “kgjh {k=s kas eas fofHké vkfFkZd legw kas
ds chp ekStnw vlekurkvkas dks Nqik nrs s
gAaS ,u-,Q-,p-,l- 3 ¼2005&06½ ds vkd¡ Mk+ as
ds vuqlkj “kgjh xjhckas eas ik¡p o’kZ ls de
vk;q eas eR` ;nq j ¼;5w ,e-vkj-½ ¼72-2%½ “kgjh
mPp vk; legw kas dh nj ¼41-8%½ ls yxHkx
nkxs quk vfËkd gSA “kgjh xjhckas e]as 60%
cPpkas dks lHkh lLa rqr Vhds çkIr ugha gkrs s
tcfd “kgjh mPp vk; legw kas eas mudh
l[a ;k mlls yxHkx vkËkh ¼35%½ gSA “kgjh
xjhckas eas lkekU; ls de otu+ okys cPPkkas
dh l[a ;k 47% gS tks mPp vk; legw kas dh
nj ¼26-2%½ ls dkQh vfËkd gSA LokLF;
lqfoËkkvkas ds ikl gkus s ds ckotnw “kgjh
xjhc ifjokjkas eas vkËks ls vfËkd ¼56%½ çlo
?kj eas vlqjf{kr ekgkSy eas lia é gkrs s gS]a tks
mPp vk; lewgksa ls yxHkx rhu xquk
¼21-5%½ vfËkd gSA lqjf{kr ihus dk ikuh
vkSj “kkSpky;kas dh miyCËkrk dks LokLF;
fLFkfr ds egRoi.w kZ fuËkkZjd ekuk tkrk gSA
“kgjh xjhckas e]as ikbi okyk ikuh] ftls
lqjf{kr ekuk tkrk gS] dh lqfoËkk dos y
“kgjh xjhckas ds 1@5 ¼18-5%½ ifjokjkas dks
miyCËk gS vkSj “kkSpky; vkËks ls de
¼47-2%½ “kgjh xjhc tul[a ;k dks miyCËk
gSA ;fn bu n”kkvkas dks lqËkkjus ds fy,
mfpr Ë;ku ugha fn;k x;k rk]s rts h ls
c<r+ h tul[a ;k ds lkFk ;s vkSj Hkh cnrj
gks tk,xa hAa
lsokvksa dh ‘kgjh xjhc rd lhfer
igq¡p ds dkjd
bu dkjdkas dks lokxaZ h vkSj lenq k; lca fa Ëkr
oxkaZs eas ck¡Vk tk ldrk gS%
lokZaxh dkjd
“kgjh xjhc cfLr;kas eas LokLF; n[s kHkky
los kvkas dh igp¡q cgrq lh puq kfS r;kas ls {kfrxLz r
gks tkrh gSA “kgjh {k=s kas e]as xzkeh.k {k=s kas ls
vyx] lefiZr vkSj lqfu;kfs tr f=Lrjh;
LokLF; n[s kHkky ç.kkyh dk vHkko gS ftldk
ifj.kke gqvk mipkjkRed n[s kHkky los kvkas
ij lda ns .z k vkjS LokLF; n[s kHkky ds çkFkfed
n[s kHkky igyw dh mi{s kkA “kgjh {k=s kas eas
LokLF; lfq oËkkvkas dk çcËa ku çHkkodkjh rjhds
ls ugha gkrs k vkSj os fuEu Lrj ij dke
djrs gASa vkb-Z vkb-Z ih-,l- dk ,d eYw ;kda u
vË;;u ¼2005½ crkrk gS fd vuqekfs nr
lqfoËkkvkas dk 30%] fpfdRlk vfËkdkjh ds
in fjDr gSa vkSj çf”kf{kr LVkQ vi;kZIr gS
vkSj midj.kk]as nokvkas vkSj vU; lca fa Ëkr
vkifw r;Z kas dk vHkko gAS fQj detkjs jQs jy
ç.kkyh “kgjh xjhckas dh los kvkas ij ig¡pq dks
vkjS Hkh lhfer dj nrs h gAS “kgjh xjhc ds
fy, LokLF; dnas zkas ds vuqi;qDr le; vkSj
los k çnkrkvkas dk :[kk O;ogkj vDlj
xjhckas dks los kvkas dk ykHk mBkus ls jkds rk
gSA fofHké “kgjkas eas “kgjh xjhckas ds chp
miyCËk lla kËkukas ds forj.k eas vlekurk
gSA tgk¡] eË; vkSj NkVs s “kgjkas eas lkFkZd
tul[a ;k gS] vfËkdk¡”k “kgjh dk;ZØekas dk
Qkds l eqEcbZ] fnYyh] dkys dkrk vkSj pés bZ
tlS s egkuxjkas ij gAS NkVs s “kgjkas vkjS dLckas
dh mi{s kk mudh LokLF; los kvkas ij vlj
djrk gSA blds vfrfjDr] vfËkdk¡”k eË;e
vkSj NkVs s vkdkj ds “kgjkas vkSj dLckas eas
fuxe dh detksj {kerk vkSj vi;kZIr
LokLF; dk;ZØe çcaËku dk ifj.kke
vçHkko”kkyh los k çnkuxh eas gkrs k gSA
“kgjh LokLF; ds cgq nkons kj gaS bleas LokLF;
vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k foHkkx] vkb-Z lh-Mh-,l-]
;-w ,y-ch-] Mh-;-w Mh-,-] ,u-th-vk-s ] lh-ch-vk-s
Mksuj ,tsafl;k¡] O;olkf;d fudk;
¼vkb-Z ,e-,-] vkb-Z ,-ih-½ vkjS vkiS pkfjd rFkk
vukSipkfjd futh çSfDV”kuj “kkfey gSAa
;s nkons kj u ds cjkcj leU;o; ds lkFk
fcYdqy vyx vyx dke djrs g]Sa ftlls
dqN {k=s kas eas lda ns z.k gks tkrk gS vkSj ckdh
ofa pr jg tkrs gSAa lla kËku] tkudkjh vkSj
fo”k’s kKrk ds lgHkktu ls ;s lHkh cgrq ykHk
mBk ldrs gSa vkSj nqxus ç;klkas ls cp
ldrs gASa
Lkeqnk; vkËkkfjr dkjd
cfLr;k¡ tgk¡ vkerkjS “kgjh xjhc jgrs gaS ;s
fcuk Hkfw e iV~Vk vfËkdkjkas dh vukSipkfjd
cfLr;k¡ gkrs h gAaS bUgas dHkh u dHkh iuq LZ Fkkfir
djus dh ckr gkrs h gAS blfy,] los k çnkuxh
ds fy, LFkk;h ljpa uk,¡ fodflr djus eas
fgpfdpkgV jgh gSA blds vfrfjDr] dqy
eas ls yxHkx vkËkh cfLr;k¡ lpw h eas ugha gS
vkSj mueas ls dbZ lkjh Nqih jgrh gS]a tSls
fd bZVkas dh HkV~Vh vkSj fuekZ.k LFkku ij
etnjw kas dh >kis fM;+ k¡A pfaw d ;s vkfËkdkfjd
fjdkMZ eas ugha gS]a vfËkdk¡”kr% ;s LokLF;
dk;ZØekas ds dk;Z{k=s ls ckgj jg tkrh gSAa
vloa ËS kkfudrk] lkekftd cfg’dkj] Hkfw e iVV~ s
dh vfuf”prrk] csn[kyh dk Mj] vkSj
vlefFkZr ifjo”s k eas tcjnLrh jgus dh
etcjw h tSls eqn~nkas dk ifj.kke cLrh eas
jgus okykas eas vkRe&fo”okl dh deh vkSj
gkj ds vkHkkl ds :i eas >ydrk gS] tks
mUgas los k çnkrkvkas ls vius gdkas ds fy,
ckrphr djus ls jkds rk gSA
blds vfrfjDr] “kgjh xjhc vfËkdrj çoklh
ç—fr ds gkrs s gSAa dqN fuËkkZfjr le; ds
ckn os vius eyw xk¡o eas ykSV tkrs gSa tgk¡
7
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1.8 Page 8 |
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LOkkLF; dnsa z ls njw h] igys çkIr los kvkas ds
fjdkMZ dh vuiq yCËkrk vkjS tkx:drk vkjS
chrphr djus dh {kerk eas deh ds dkj.k
mUgas LokLF; lqfoËkk,¡ çkIr ugha gkrs hAa bu
lc dkj.kkas dks feykdj ifj.kke gkrs k gS &
los kvkas dh çfrcfa Ëkr igq¡p vkSj mUgas çkIr
djus eas xjhc dh lhfer igq¡pA
‘kgjh xjhc dh vko’;drkvksa dks
lacksfËkr djus ds fy, ç;kl
Hkkjr ljdkj “kgjh xjhckas ij [kjkc LokLF;
ds vlxa r Hkkj dks vfËkdkfËkd igpku jgh
gS vkSj blds fy, t-s ,u-,u-;-w vkj-,e-]
,u-vkj-,p-,e- vkSj vkbZ-lh-Mh-,l- ds
vra xZr los kvkas ds çkoËkku fd, gSAa gky gh
eas ljdkj u]s “kgjh xjhck]as fo”k’s kdj cfLr;kas
eas jgus okys vkSj vU; lqfoËkkfoghu rcdkas
dh LOkLF; fLFkfr cgs rj cukus ds fy, ,d
ubZ lkotZ fud LokLF; ç.kkyh] lgHkkfxrkvkas
vkjS “kgjh LFkkuh; fudk;kas ds lfØ; tMq k+ o
ds lkFk lkeqnkf;d tkfs [ke l;a kts u ds
ekË;e ls xq.koÙkki.w kZ LokLF; n[s kHkky ij
leku igq¡p lqxe djus ds fy, jk’Vªh;
“kgjh LokLF; fe”ku ¼,u-;w-,p-,e-½ ds
vra xZr ,d foLr`r vkSj lefiZr dk;ZØe
çLrkfor fd;k gSA
‘kgjh xjhc gsrq LokLF; dk;ZØe
¼,p-;w-ih-½
ljdkj ds ç;klkas ds lkFk] vra jkZ’Vªh; vkSj
f}i{kh; fodkl ,tfas l;k¡ vkSj uxj lekt
lLa Fkk,¡ Hkh “kgjh xjhckas dh LokLF; fLFkfr
dks cgs rj cukus ds fy, dke dj jgh gSAa
rts h ls c<+ jgs “kgjh xjhckas dh c<r+ h
LokLF; vko”;drkvkas dks igpkurs gq,]
ikWiqy”s ku QkmMa ”s ku vkWQ bfa M;k ¼ih-,Q-
vkbZ-½ us ;wukbVsM LVsV~l ,tsalh QkWj
bVa ju”s kuy fMoys ieVas ¼;,w l,M½ dh foÙkh;
lgk;rk ls “kgjh xjhc grs q LOkkLF; dk;ØZ e
¼,p-;-w ih-½ vkjHa k fd;k gSA bldk y{;
‘kgjh xjhc leqnk;ksa dks iks”k.k
çksRlkgu] ty vkifw r]Z LokLF; vkjS LoPNrk
los kvkas lers çtuu vkjS cky LokLF; vkjS
ifjokj fu;kts u gLr{kis kas dh cgs rj çnkuxh
çkIr djus eas lgk;rk djuk gSA Hkkjr
ljdkj vkSj jkT; ljdkjkas dks rduhdh
lgk;rk çnku djd]s futh {k=s ds lkFk
lgHkkfxrk,¡ LFkkfir dj] fofHké “kgjh LokLF;
vkSj fodkl ç;klkas eas ,dhdj.k dks c<k+ ok
nds j] vkjS “kgj Lrjh; çn”kuZ vkjS KkuoËkuZ
dk;ØZ ekas ds ekË;e ls çek.k vkËkkfjr dMk+ bZ
dks etcrw cukus ds }kjk ,p-;-w ih- n”s k eas
“kgjh xjhckas ds thou eas nh?kkZsi;kxs h lqËkkj
ykus dk Loiu j[krk gSA ,p-;-w ih- us
lh[ku]s tk¡pus vkSj oSKkfud çek.k ,d=
djus ds fy, “kgjh çn”kZu ds fy, LokLF;
dk;ØZ e fodflr djus ds fy, i.q k]s t;ijq
vkSj Hkqou”s oj dks pquk gSA lh[kus ds fy,
“kgjh çn”kZu dk;ZØekas l]s ,p-;-w ih- dk
mnn~ ”s ; Hkkjr ljdkj vkSj jktLFkku] mÙkj
çns”k] eË; çns”k] >kj[k.M] mM+hlk]
mÙkjk[k.M] NÙkhlx<+ vkSj fcgkj jkT;
ljdkjkas dks “kgjh LokLF; j.kuhfr;kas ds
etcrw hdj.k vkjS LokLF; dk;ØZ ekas ds cgs rj
fu;kts u vkjS dk;kUZ o;u eas rduhdh lgk;rk
çnku djuk gSA ,ls h vk”kk gS fd ,p-;-w ih-
ds ;s ç;kl “kgjh xjhckas rd fuokjd]
çkRs lkgd] oguh; vkjS mipkjkRed LokLF;
los k,¡ çnku djus ds y{; dks çkIr djus
eas ljdkj dh lgk;rk dj ldxas As
i`“B 5 ls vkxs----
gSa ftudh vuqlj.k Ldfs yxa &vi ds fy,
t:jh gSA Ldfs yxa &vi ls igys Li’Vrk
çkIr djus ij tkjs nrs s gq, MkW- Fkk;Zu us
dgk fd dk;Zdq”kyrk] çHkkodkfjrk] vkSj
ekiuh;rk ds lna HkZ eas çek.k vkSj lHa kfor
nqfoËkkvkas dk eYw ;kda u djuk egRoi.w kZ FkkA
;g tkuuk Hkh egRoi.w kZ Fkk fd çk;kfs xd
dk;ZØekas eas ¼cgs rj½ çek.k dh çHkkodkfjrk
vkSj ekiuh;rk iSnk djus ds fy, D;k
djus dh vko”;drk gSA MkW- fjpMZ dS’k]
gkjoMZ Ldwy vkQW ifCyd gSYFk vkSj
fn ifCyd gSYFk QkmaMs’ku vkWQ bafM;k
us ch-vkj-,-lh- ds LokLF; dk;ØZ ekas ¼vkjs y
fjgkbZMªs”ku Fksjsih vkSj risfnd½ ds
Ldfs yxa &vi vuqHko dk lgHkktu fd;kA
MkW- dS”k us dgk fd eYw ;kda u] :ikUrj.k
vkSj iSjoh Ldfs yxa &vi ds fy, vR;ra
egRoi.w kZ gSAa yEc]s vfËkd okLrfod le;
lkfj.kh ij fopkj djus dh vko”;drk bl
çfØ;k ds nkSjku lh[kk x;k ,d egRoi.w kZ
ikB FkkA MkW- Vh- laqnjjeu] dk;Zdkjh
funs’kd] jk”Vªh; LokLF; ç.kyh
lalkËku dsanz (NHSRC) us ^Ldfs yxa &vi
8
ds fy, çek.k fuekZ.k% çkts Ds Vkas ls fe”kukas
vkSj vkna kys ukas rd^ ij ckr dhA vius
lkenq kf;d LokLF; dk;dZ rkZ ¼lh-,p-MCY;½w
dk;ØZ e dk Ldfs yxa &vi vuHq ko crkrs g,q
mUgkuas s dgk fd Ldfs yxa &vi dh ,d eq[;
lh[k Fkh & vkdkj egRoi.w kZ gAS dk;ØZ e ds
vkdkj ;k eki eas cnyko djus dk vFkZ
gkrs k gS foLr‘r eki dh ifw rZ ds fy, dk;ØZ e
ds lHkh vo;okas dh jpuk eas cnyko djukA
lQy Ldfs yxa &vi ds fy, mUgkuas s eYw ;kda u
dh çklfa xrk ij tkjs fn;k vkSj dgk fd
ljdkjh ç.kkyh dh eqf”dykas dks n[s krs gq,]
,d vra fuZfgr ckgjhiu ds lkFk vkra fjd
eYw ;kda u] tgk¡ çfØ;kvkas dks x.q kkRedrk ls
eYw ;kda u vkxs c<k+ us dk lcls cgs rj rjhdk
gSA l= ds lHkkË;{k] MkWa- ujsanz tkno]
lnL;] ;kstuk vk;ksx us ppkZ dk lkj
crk;k vkSj çek.k fuekZ.k eas vk¡dMs+ ,d=
djus ds egRo ij tkjs nrs s g,q vkSj gla dj
;g dgrs g,q lekiu fd;k fd ^^;fn fdlh
us cgqr yEcs le; rd vk¡dMk+ as dks ;kruk
nh rks os dqN Hkh Lohdkj dj yxas ^as ^A
Lkekiu l= esa] lqJh iwue eqFkjstk]
daVªh Mk;jsDVj] eSdkFkZj QkmaMs’ku
vkjS MkW- fjpMZ dksy] çkstsDV Mk;jsDVj]
Ldsfyax&vi] ,e-,l-vkbZ- us ppkZ dk
lkj fn;k vkSj dgk fd fopkj&foe”kZ ds
nkSjku tks lcls cMh+ pqukSrh mHkjh Fkh og
Fkh fd cgrq ls ,u-th-vk-s çk;kfs xd dk;ØZ e
Ldfs yxa &vi dks Ë;ku eas j[k dj ugha
cuk, tkrs vkSj bueas xq.kkRed çek.k dh
deh gksrh gSA blls çek.k vkËkkfjr
dk;kUZ o;u fMtkbu dh vko”;drk dks fo”k’s k
:i ls n”kkZ;k x;kA mUgkuas s ;g lda rs Hkh
fn;k fd Ldfs yxa &vi çfØ;k ds vkjS vfËkd
nh?kkZsi;kxs h gkus s ds fy, fufËk çcËa ku dk
eqn~nk] ykxr&lkFkZdrk vkSj ftEens kjh ds
fy, vfËkd vko”;drk gSA vkt pqukSrh gS
^^Ldfs yxa &vi ds fy, vxzlfØ; rjhdk
viukus dh vkjs çfrc)rk cukuk^^ n`<r+ k
ls dgrs gq, mUgkuas s bl vk”kk ds lkFk
lEesyu dk lekiu fd;k fd ;kstuk
vk;kxs ds lkFk vkxs ckrphr ls dqN mÙkj
feyxas As
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1.9 Page 9 |
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Lkh-,l-vkj- ekWM~;wy tkjh
ejkBk pEs clZ vkWQ dkWelZ] bMa LVªh ,.M
,xzhdYpj ¼,e-lh-lh-vkbZ-,-½ dh
lgHkkfxrk esa lh-,l-vkj- ekM~;wy
^, fjçksMfDVo gSYFk iSdst% dkWjiksjV
lks’ky fjLikWfUlfcfyfV* ds forj.k ds
fy, 14 ebZ] 2010 dks ,e-lh-lh-vkbZ-,-]
iq.ks eas cSBd vk;kfs tr dh xbZA cSBd dk
lapkyu Jh ch-th-ns”keq[k] mikË;{k]
ih-,Q-vkbZ- vfËk”kklh cksMZ] Jh vuar
ljns”keq[k] vfrfjDr egkfuns”kd vkSj
Jh ,- vkj- una ] vfËk”kklh fun”s kd] ih-,Q-
vkbZ- us fd;kA cSBd eas dkWjikjs Vs ?kjkuk]as
uxj lekt laLFkkvksa vkSj vU; fo”ks’k
vfrfFk;kas us Hkkx fy;kA
Jh vura ljn”s ke[q k us lHkh çfrHkkfx;kas dk
cSBd eas Lokxr fd;kA mUgkuas s l{a kis eas ,e-
lh-lh-vkbZ-,- vkSj muds dk;Z ds ckjs eas
crk;k vkSj crk;k fd dkWjikjs Vs lkekftd
ftEens kjh lLa Fkk eas dlS s egRoi.w kZ ,tMas k cu
xbZA mUgkuas s us bl çtuu LokLF; iSdts
dks cukus eas ih-,Q-vkbZ- ds ç;klkas dh
ljkguk dh vkSj dgk fd orZeku ifjo”s k eas
dkWjikjs Vs {k=s viuh lkekftd ftEens kjh
dh vkjs dkQh Ë;ku ns jgk gS vkSj muds
le)` vuHq kokas ls lh[kus ds fy, vxlz j gAS
dkWjikjs Vs vkSj uxj lekt ds fy, lcls
lh[kus vkSj vius ç;klksa dk Hkjiwj
ykHk mBkus ds fy, ljdkj ds lkFk
lgHkkfxrk ds fy, rduhdh fo”k’s kKrk vkjS
Kku dks et+cwr djus dh vR;fËkd
vko”;drk gSA
Jh ch-th- n”s keq[k us vius Hkk’k.k eas ih-,Q-
vkbZ- ds vkjHa k ls gh dkWjikjs Vs {k=s ds lkFk
yEcs vkSj lQy tqMk+ o ij çdk”k Mkyk
vkjS dgk fd dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s vkjS uxj lekt
lLa Fkk,¡ jk’Vªh;] jkT; vkjS LFkkuh; Lrjkas ij
dk;Zokgh fjlpZ dk;ZØekas ds ekË;e ls
tul[a ;k fLFkjhdj.k] efgykvkas vkSj cky
dY;k.k ls tMq s+ enq n~ kas ij uhfrxr ijS oh ds
fy, leFkZd ekgkSy cukus eas mRçjs d dh
Hkfw edk fuHkkrh gAaS mUgkuas s mYy[s k fd;k fd
dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s ds lkFk ih-,Q-vkb-Z dh oreZ ku
igy]as mldh eyw vkSj ckgjh fufËk] mÙkj
çn”s k] >kj[k.M] jktLFkku] dukVZ d] egkjk’Vª
vkSj rfeyukMw ds jkT;kas eas QSyh gSa vkSj
bu jkT;kas ds vYilfs or {k=s kas eas jgus okys
leqnk;kas ij Ë;ku dfas nzr djrh gSAa
Lkh-,l-vkj ekM~;yw dks tkjh djrs gq, ,e-lh-lh-vkbZ-,- ds vfrfjDr egkfun’s kd] Jh vura ljn’s keq[kA
vU; eas ¼ck,¡ l½s % MkW- ‘kehZyk ?kk”s k fu;kxs h] l;a qDr fun’s kd] ih-,Q-vkbZ-( Jh ch-th-n’s keq[k] mikË;{k]
ih-,Q-vkbZ- vfËk’kklh cksMZ( Jh ,- vkj- una ] vfËk’kklh fun’s kd] ih-,Q-vkbZ- vkSj Jh Jhfuokl jk;jds j]
ofj”B fun’s kd] ,e-lh-lh-vkbZ-,-A
vkxs mUgkuas s dgk fd ekM;~ yw LokLF;] çtuu
LokLF;] çkts Ds V çcËa ku ls tqMs+ eqn~nkas ij
dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s dks tkudkjh dh vko”;drkvkas
ds vkËkkj ij rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA mUgkuas s
dkWjikjs Vs {k=s dks LokLF; ij vkSj fuo”s k
djus ds fy, vkefa =r fd;k vkSj Hkjkls k
fnyk;k fd bl iSdts ds }kjk ikWiqy”s ku
QkmMa ”s ku vkWQ bfa M;k dkWjikjs Vs {k=s ds
lkFk vius lca Ëa k dks etcrw cuk,xkA
viuh çLrfq r eas Jh una us dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s ds
lkFk ih-,Q-vkb-Z ds tMq k+ o ds bfrgkl dk
vujq [s k.k fd;kA mUgkuas s foLrkj ls crk;k fd
ih-,Q-vkb-Z dk eyw vkjHa k dkjW ikjs Vs ls Fkk
vkjS bldh LFkkiuk 1970 eas Jh t-s vkj-Mh-
VkVk ds urs R` o eas lkekftd rkjS ls çfrc)
m|kxs ifr;kas }kjk gbq Z vkjS rc ls vius 40
o’kkaZs ds vfLrRo eas dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s dh lgk;rk
djuk bldk vfËkn”s k jgk gAS dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s
ds lkFk ih-,Q-vkb-Z dh ;k=k dks fofHké
pj.kkas eas ckV¡ k tk ldrk g]S ftleas 350
Hkkjrh; m|kxs kas ls vkjS dkjW ikjs Vs VLª Vkas ls
fufËk tVq kuk “kkfey FkkA 1990 ds nkjS ku
ifjokj fu;kts u enq n~ kas ij ijS oh tkjh Fkh vkjS
ih-,Q-vkb-Z us çtuu LokLF; ds enq n~ kas ij
NkVs s çk;kfs xd çkts Ds V dks lgk;rk nus s ls
vkjHa k fd;kA 21oha “krkCnh eas Hkh ih-,Q-vkb-Z
us dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s ds lkFk viuh lgHkkfxrk
tkjh j[khA oreZ ku eas ih-,Q-vkb-Z mÙkj
çn”s k] jktLFkku] >kj[k.M] dukVZ d] rfeyukMw
vkjS egkjk’Vª ds jkT;kas eas dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s dks
çtuu LokLF; vkjs ,p-vkb-Z oh-@,Ml~ ls
tMq s+ fofHké igyvq kas ij leFkuZ ns jgk gAS
Jh una us dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s ds lkFk ih-,Q-vkb-Z
ds vuHq ko dk Hkh lgHkktu fd;k ftls ^^bxa fs txa
fon dkjW ikjs Vs lDs Vj% 1970&2007** “kh’kdZ
ls 2007 eas nLrkots h—r djds çdkf”kr
fd;k x;k FkkA
blds ckn MkW- “kehZyk ?kk’s k fu;kxs h] l;a qDr
funs”kd ¼dk;ZØe½] ih-,Q-vkbZ- }kjk
lh-,l-vkj- ekM~;yw dh i`’BHkfw e] mn~n”s ;
vkSj fo’k;oLrq ij çLrrq hdj.k gvq kA vra jkas
dks fpfUgr djus ds fy, ,d vko”;drk
vkdyu lo{Zs k.k % ppk,Z ]¡ leh{kk,]¡ lk{kkRdkj]
vË;;u vkSj dk;Z{k=s ds nkSjs fd, x,
ftlls irk pyk fd dkjW ikjs Vs {k=s eas dk;ØZ ekas
dks cMs+ iSekus ij ys tkus ds fy, O;kid
çtuu LokLF; lkefxz;kas dh vko”;drk
FkhA bl çdkj vkj-lh-,p- ij ,d lgk;d
iSdst ^, fjçksMfDVo gSYFk iSdst%
dkWjiksjV lks’ky fjLikWfUlfcfyfV*
fudkyk x;kA lgk;d idS ts fofHké igyvq kas
tlS s çLrko fodflr djuk] j.kuhfr jpuk]
fuxjkuh r=a ds lkFk lkFk vkj-lh-,p- vkSj
ifjokj fu;kts u ij enq n~ k vkËkkfjr tkudkjh
ds fy, ekxZn”kZu çnku djrk gSA
blds ckn ofj’B funs”kd] ,e-lh-lh-
vkbZ-,- }kjk ËkU;okn çLrko j[kk x;kA
igy dks Loh—fr nrs s gq,] Jh jk;jds j us
dYiuk dh fd ekM~;yw lkoZtfud LokLF;
vkSj çtuu LokLF; ds eqn~nkas ij dkWjikjs Vs
{k=s dk vkSj vfËkd tqMk+ o gkxs kA
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1.10 Page 10 |
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,u-vkj-,p-,e- ds varxZr lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh ij
jk”Vªh; forj.k cSBd
Lkkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh vkSj fu;kstu
¼lkeqnkf;d dk;Zokgh½ dks
lkenq kf;dhdj.k çfØ;kvkas vkjS jk’Vhª ; xkz eh.k
LokLF; fe”ku dh fuxjkuh ç.kkyh nkus kas ds
egRoi.w kZ vo;o ds :i eas n[s kk x;k gSA
lkeqnkf;d dk;Zokgh ij lykgdkj legw
¼,-th-lh-,-½] LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k
e=a ky; (MoHFW)] Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk
xfBr ,d LFkk;h lfefr] lkeqnkf;d
fuxjkuh ds fy, lapkyu dk;Zi)fr
fodflr djus eas “kkfey jgh gS vkSj ukS
çk;kfs xd jkT;k%as egkjk’V]ª mMh+ lk] jktLFkku]
eË; çn”s k] rfeyukM]w >kj[k.M] vle]
NÙkhlx<+] vkSj dukZVd esa lkeqnkf;d
fuxjkuh ds dk;kZUo;u dks leFkZu vkSj
mldh ns[kjs[k dhA igys pj.k esa]
2007&2009 ds nkjS ku ukS jkT;kas eas 35 ftykas
vkjS 1620 ls vfËkd xko¡ kas dks “kkfey fd;kA
;g lkjh çfØ;k ljdkj vkjS lHkh Lrjkas ij
,u-th-vk-s lyq Hkdkjh lg;kfs x;kas dh lgHkkfxrk
eas fd;k x;kA
,d rjQ ftyk vkSj CykWd Lrjh; ,u-th-
vk-s ds lkFk ukS jkT;kas dh eq[; ,tfas l;kas us
jkT; fe”ku funs”kky;] ftyk dk;ZØe
çcËa ku ;fw uVk]as fpfdRlk vfËkdkfj;kas vkSj
LokLF; dk;ZdrkZvkas dh lgHkkfxrk eas dke
fd;k vkSj nlw jh rjQ xzke LokLF; vkSj
LoPNrk lfefr;kas dks lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh
vH;kl lia é dju]s xzke vkSj lqfoËkk dnas z
Lrj dh fjikVs Z dkMZ rS;kj djus vkSj vra jkas
dks igpkuus vkSj Hkkoh dk;Zokgh ds fy,
tu loa kn eas lgHkktu ds fy, l”kDr
cuk;kA LokLF; lqfoËkkvkas dh dk;Z i)fr
vkSj bl çfØ;k ds ekË;e ls lkoZtfud
los kvkas dh lia .w kZ le> vkjS ç;kxs eas ifjoruZ
dh [kcj feyh gSA
lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh dh çfØ;k dks jkT;
dk;ZØe dk;kZUo;u ;kstuk ¼ih-vkbZ-ih-½
2010&2011 eas yxHkx lHkh jkT;kas eas “kkfey
dj fy;k x;k gAS blls lkenq kf;d fuxjkuh
ds igys pj.k dh çfØ;kvkas vkSj ifj.kkekas
dks nkons kjkas eas lgHkkftr djuk vfuok;Z gks
x;k] eq[;r% mueas tks çk;kfs xd jkT;kas eas
foLr`r QSyko ds fy, ftEens kj gkxas s vkSj
mu jkT;kas eas tgk¡ ;g çfØ;k ykxw ugha dh
xbZ gSA
10
mn~?kkVu l= eas iSuy ds lnL; ¼ck¡, l½s % Jh ,l- jkekukFku] Vh-vkj-vkbZ-vk-s fMoys ieVas likVs Z ¼çk-½
fyfeVMs ( MkW- vfHkthr nkl] lnL;] ,-th-lh-,-( MkW- r#.k lhe] gMs &gSYFk likVs Z ;fw uV] ih-,p-,Q-vkbZ-(
Jh iquhr dla y] fun’s kd] ,u-vkj-,p-,e-( vkSj Jh ,-vkj- una ] vfËk’kklh fun’s kd] ih-,Q-vkbZ-A
Åijfyf[kr dks Ë;ku eas j[krs gq,] LokLF;
vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k e=a ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj
dh lgHkkfxrk eas 16 twu] 2010 dks ubZ
fnYyh ds bafM;k baVjus’kuYk lsaVj eas
,d ,d&fnolh; forj.k cSBd vk;kfs tr
dh xbZA cSBd ds eq[; mn~n”s ; Fk%s ¼d½
çklfa xd nkons kjkas ds lkFk lkenq kf;d fuxjkuh
ds igys pj.k dh dk;kUZ o;u çfØ;k] urhts
vkSj ifj.kkekas dk lgHkktu] ¼[k½ tks igys
pj.k dk fgLlk ugha Fks mUgas vius jkT;kas eas
dk;ZØe ykxw djus ds fy, lkeqnkf;d
fuxjkuh çfØ;k ds ckjs eas lh[kus eas l{ke
cukuk] ¼x½ ckgjh leh{kk çfØ;k ds ifj.kkek]as
voykds ukas vkjS l>q kokas lers lefs dr fjikVs Z
dk lgHkktu] vkSj ¼?k½ jkT;ksa ls
çfrHkkfx;k@as nkons kjkas ds lkFk ijLij ckrphr
dks ljy cukukA cSBd eas 100 ds djhc
mPp inkfËkdkfj;kas dh Hkkxhnkjh gqbZ] bleas
jk’Vªh; vkSj jkT; Lrj ds ofj’B ljdkjh
vfËkdkjh vkSj fofHké jkT;kas ls uxj lekt
lLa Fkkvkas ds çfrfufËk “kkfey g,q A dk;kUZ o;u
çfØ;k dk lkj crkrh çkts Ds V fjikVs ]Z leh{kk
çfØ;k ds l;a Dq r urhts vkjS tk¡p ifj.kkekas
dks lkenq kf;d fuxjkuh ij ,d y?kq fQYe
ds lkFk cSBd eas tkjh fd;k x;kA
Jh ,-vkj-una ] duohuj] ,-th-lh-,- vkSj
vfËk”kklh fun”s kd] ikiW yq ”s ku QkmMa ”s ku vkQW
bfa M;k us cBS d ds fy, lHkh çfrHkkfx;kas dk
Lokxr fd;k vkjS ,u-vkj-,p-,e- ds vra xrZ
lkeqnkf;dhdj.k ds egRo ds lfa {kIr lkj
ds lkFk forj.k cSBd ds mn~n”s ;kas ds ckjs
eas crk;kA
cBS d eas pkj l= Fk%s ¼1½ lkenq kf;d fuxjkuh
dk ifjp;] ¼2½ lkenq kf;d fuxjkuh us fdl
çdkj ,u-vkj-,p-,e- ds y{;kas dh çkfIr eas
lgk;rk dh gS] ¼3½ leqnk;kas dk ek¡x vkSj
tokcngs h çkRs lkgu ds fy, l”kfDrdj.k]
vkSj ¼4½ lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh% lgHkkfxrk
puq kfs r;k¡ & ljdkj] ,u-th-vk-s vkjS lenq k;A
MkW- r#.k lhe] iow Z fun”s kd] ,u-vkj-,p-
,e- vkjS oreZ ku eas gMs &gYS Fk likVs Z ;fw uV]
ifCyd gSYFk QkmaMs”ku vkWQ bafM;k
¼ih-,p-,Q-vkbZ-½ us çFke l= dh vË;{krk
dh vkSj Jh iuq hr dla y] fun”s kd] ,u-vkj-
,p-,e- us LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k
e=a ky; dk çfrfufËkRo fd;kA lqJh bna q
dijw ] lnL;] ,-th-lh-,-( MkW- je”s k pna z
lkxj] fe”ku funs”kd] ,u-vkj-,p-,e-]
egkjk’Vª vkSj MkW- FkYs ek ukjk;.k] lnL;]
,-th-lh-,- us Øe”k% 2] 3 vkSj 4 l= dh
vË;{krk dhA
^lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh çfØ;k,¡^ ij viuh
çLrqfr esa MkW- vfHkthr nkl] lnL;]
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2.1 Page 11 |
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,-th-lh-,- us ,u-vkj-,p-,e- ds vra xZr
ukS çk;kfs xd jkT;kas eas çkjHa k lenq k; vkËkkfjr
fuxjkuh ¼lh-ch-,l-½ çfØ;k dk lfa {kIr lkj
crk;kA mUgkuas s ukS jkT;kas eas çfØ;kvkas ds
fofHké pj.kkas eas rduhdh lgk;rk çnku
djus eas lkenq kf;d dk;oZ kgh ij lykgdkj
legw ¼,-th-lh-,-½ vkSj jk’Vªh; lfopky;
dh Hkfw edk dk Hkh lgHkktu fd;kA
Jh ,l- jkekukFku] ftUgkuas s ckgjh leh{kk
lfefr dh vxqokbZ dh] mUgkuas s ^lkeqnkf;d
fuxjkuh dk;ZØe ds ç;kfs xd pj.k dh
leh{kk* ij çLrqfrdj.k fd;kA mUgkuas s ukS
jkT;ksa esa dh xbZ lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh
dk;ZØe leh{kk ds mn~n”s ; vkSj ç;qDr
çfØ;k ds ckjs eas Hkh crk;kA leh{kk eas dqN
egRoi.w kZ voykds uk]as lQyrkvkas vkSj vkxs
dk;ZØe dks cgs rj cukus ds fy, lq>kokas
dks fo”k’s k :i ls n”kkZ;kA
fofHké jkT;ksa ls vius vius jkT;ksa esa
lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh ds igys pj.k ds
dk;kUZ o;u ls ikB@lQyrk,@¡ vuHq kokas dks
fn[kkrh 12 çLrqfr;k¡ FkhAa çLrqrdrkZvkas eas
jkT; ls eq[; ,tsafl;ksa ds vfrfjDr]
oh-,p-,l-lh- lnL;] ehfM;k ds çfrfufËk]
ipa k;r ds çfrfufËk vkSj leqnk; ls ykxs
“kkfey FkAs gj l= ds ckn ç”u&mÙkj l=
gqvk] ftleas n”kZdkas us mRlkgiow Zd Hkkx
fy;kA
forj.k dk;Z”kkyk ds nkSjku vyx vyx
jkT;kas }kjk crk, x, dNq egRoi.w kZ ifj.kke
fuEufyf[kr Fk%s
Û futh nqdkukas ls nok,a yus s dh çFkk
vfËkdrj cna gks xbZ gS] dqN
vko”;d nok,a jkxs h dY;k.k
lfefr;kas ls fey jgh gSAa
Û xSjdkuuw h Qhl yus k vkSj dqN
fpfdRlk vfËkdkfj;kas }kjk futh
çSfDVl vc cna gks xbZ gSA
Û l;a qDr vuqnku dk vk¡xuokfM;+ kas ds
fy, QuhZpj vkSj ckM+ [kjhnus ds
fy, ç;kxs cna gks x;k gS vkSj iSlkas
dk ç;kxs vkSj vfËkd çklfa xd
LokLF; lca fa Ëkr xfrfofËk;kas ds fy,
gkrs k gSA
Û lgh fjdkfMxZa ds vkËkkj ij] vc
vk¡xuokMh+ fjdkMkZs vkSj dqikfs ’kr cPPkkas
ds Lo=ra :i ls fy, x, otu ds
chp dkbs Z xMc+ M+ ugha gSA
Û ,-,u-,e- vkSj ,e-ih-MCY;-w }kjk
fu;fer nkSjkas ls dbZ lkjs xk¡okas eas
xzke LokLF; los kvkas eas lqËkkj gqvk gS(
xk¡okas eas Vhdkdj.k dh igq¡p eas
fuf”pr :i ls lqËkkj gqvk gSA
Û dqN mi&dnsa z vkSj ekcs kby bZdkb;k¡
tks dke ugha dj jgh Fkha vc dke
djus yxha gSA
Û lLa Fkkxr çlokas eas o`f) blfy,
t-s ,l-okbZ- ds ykHkkfFkZ;kas eas vn~Hkqr
of` )A
Û f”k”kq vkSj ekr`d e`R;qvkas eas dehA
Û ukxfjdkas ds LokLF; ?kk’s k.kk&i= ij
ckMs Z vkSj nokvkas dh miyCËkrk fy[kh
tkrh gSA
Û dqy LoPNrk vfHk;ku ¼Vh-,l-lh-½ ds
vra xZr “kkSpky;kas dh l[a ;k eas o`f)A
Û oh-,p-,l-lh- dk xBu@iquZxBu
vkSj oh-,p-,l-lh- dk çf”k{k.kA
Û oh-,p-,l-lh-] vk”kk vkSj ipa k;r
lnL;kas dh fu;fer cSBdA
Û fofHké LFkkukas ij vk;kfs tr lkOkZtfud
ckrphr vkSj tulquokbZ ls LokLF;
eqn~nkas dks le>us vkSj l”kfDrdj.k
ds vkHkkl dks mHkkj feykA
fofHké nkosnkjksa }kjk lgHkkftr vuqHkoksa ls m)j.k
egkjk”Vª% Jh ;ksxjkt çHkqus] ehfM;k vkSj Jh ‘kf’kdk¡r xk;dokM] ih-vkj-vkbZ- lnL;
Jh ;kxs jkt çHkuq ]s LFkkuh; v[kckj ds ofj’B fjikVs jZ us lenq k; vkËkkfjr fuxjkuh ¼lh-ch-,e-½ çfØ;k ds igys vkjS ckn dh ifjfLFkfr
dh rqyuk dj lh-ch-,e- ds dqN ldkjkRed ifj.kke crk,A lh-ch-,e- igykas ds iow Z] cgqr lh oh-,p-,l-lh- fØ;k”khy ugha Fkh]
dos y dkxt+ ij ekStnw FkhA vkËkkjHkrw ljpa uk,¡ Fkha yfs du los k,¡ miyCËk ugha FkhAa lh-ch-,e- ds lkFk ehfM;k us leqnk; dks mlds
vfËkdkjkas ds ckjs eas tkx#d gkus s eas lgk;rk dhA 2 lkykas eas 6 tulqokb;k¡ vk;kfs tr dh xbZa ftlus leqnk; ds ykxs kas eas muds
gd vkSj vfËkdkjkas ds ckjs eas tkx#drk iSnk dhA LokLF; dnsa zkas eas nokvkas dh miyfCËk] ,e-ih-MCY;-w ] ,-,u-,e- vkSj fpfdRlk
vfËkdkfj;kas ds dke tSls eqn~nkas ij ç”u mBk, x,A lkus kxs zkQh vkWijVs j fu;qDr fd;k x;k vkSj vk¡xuokMh+ Bhd ls dke djus yxh
vkSj ik’s k.k ijw dkas dh xq.koÙkk vkSj fu;ferrk lqfuf”pr dh xbZ] ftlls cPpkas dh LokLF; fLFkfr dks lqËkkjus eas lgk;rk feyhA
Jh “kf”kdk¡r xk;dokM us tkudkjh nh fd lh-ch-,e- ls igy]s ykxs ljdkjh vLirkykas eas los kvkas ds vHkko ds dkj.k futh vLirkykas
dh los k,¡ yus k ilna djrs FkAs lh-ch-,e- çfØ;k us leqnk; eas tkx#drk dks c<k+ ;k gS vkSj mUgkuas s LokLF; los k çnkrkvkas ls ç”u
djuk “kq# dj fn;kA bl lc ds dkj.k los k çnkrkvkas ds leqnk; ds çfr O;ogkj eas cnyko vk;k gSA
rfeyukMw% Jh oufe;kyu] leqnk; çf’k{kd
Jh oufe;kyu us crk;k fd “kq#vkr eas lh-ch-,e- ds çfr ykxs kas dh çfrfØ;k gYdh Fkh yfs du Ëkhjs Ëkhjs [kjkc vuqHko okys ykxs
lkeus vk, vkSj çfØ;k eas Hkkx yus k “kq: fd;kA ykxs ljdkjh LokLF; dnas zkas dks xq.koÙkkijd los kvkas ds fy, ugha igpkurs gSAa
fpfdRlk vfËkdkjh ykxs kas dks mudh n”kk ds fy, lgh tokc ugha nrs k Fkk] dk;Z{k=s dk;ZdrkZ fu;fer :i ls xk¡o dk nkSjk ugha
djrs Fk]s l;a qDr fufËk lgh rjhds ls bLres ky ugha gkrs h FkhA mUgkuas s dbZ lkjs ldkjkRed ifj.kke Hkh crk, tSls ç;kxs drkZ “kqYd
¼,Dl&j]s ,e-vkj-vkbZ- vkSj ;-w ,l-th- dks NkMs d+ j½ cna dj fn;k x;k] vk-s ih-Mh- ds fnu c<+ x,] ekr`d YkkHk ;kts uk eas Hkz’Vkpkj
de gks x;k vkfnA
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2.2 Page 12 |
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vkSj iqjLdkj tkrk gS-----
vdknfed o’kZ 2009&10 ds cky “kfS {kd ijq Ldkj 25 tuw ] 2010 dks
ih-,Q-vkbZ- eas vk;kfs tr lekjkgs eas vfËk”kklh fun”s kd] Jh ,-vkj-
uUn }kjk fn, x,A bu iqjLdkjksa dh LFkkiuk QkmaMs”ku }kjk
ih-,Q-vkbZ- deZpkfj;kas ds cPpkas dks vPNh i<k+ bZ vkSj vkus okys o’kkZas
eas cgs rjhu çn”kZu ds fy, çkRs lkfgr djus ds fy, fd;k x;k FkkA
;s iqjLdkj gj o’kZ mu cPpkas dks fn, tkrs gSa tks viuh vfa re ijh{kk
eas de ls de vLlh çfr”kr vda çkIr djrs gAaS blds fy, ,d rhu
lnL;kas dh *cky “kSf{kd iqjLdkj lfefr^ dk xBu fd;k x;k gS]
tks ;kXs ;rk “krkZsa vkSj fotrs kvkas ds ukekda u ds vuqlkj vkons ukas dk
p;u djrs gAaS
orZeku vdknfed o’kZ e]as ftu cPpkas us d{kk 1 ls 5 eas 80 çfr”kr
;k vfËkd vda çkIr fd,] os Fks uke”k% Jqfr ikWy ¼97%½] iq=h Jh ih-
d-s ikWy( vgkuk e.My (>95% -A+)] iq=h MkW- lqczkrs ks dqekj e.My(
tgkUoh tk;s y (>95% - A+)] iq=h Jh jkd”s k tk;s y( vkdk”k jkor
¼93%½] iq= Jh ekgs u flga ( dfudk lkguh ¼90%½] iq=h lqJh ekfs udk
lkguh( vkjS vu”q dk tk;s y ¼83-6%½] iq=h Jh jkd”s k tk;s yA bl oxZ
esa] Jqfr ikWy dks muds çn’kZu ds fy, 1000@& #i;s udn
iqjLdkj] ç’kalk çek.ki=] VªkWQh vkSj migkj çkIr gvq k vkjS vU;
cPpkas dks ç”kla k çek.ki=] VªkWQh vkSj migkj çkIr gq,A
nlw js oxZ eas ftu cPpkas us d{kk 7oha ls 9oha eas 80 çfr”kr ;k vfËkd
vda çkIr fd,] os Fks uke”k% çR;q”k je”s k ¼92-98%½] iq= lqJh çes k
jes”k( ve‘rk ,l- uk;j ¼88-33%½] iq=h lqJh Å’kk ,l- uk;j(
gfjÑ’.ku ¼84%½] iq= Jh ih- ukjk;.ku( fu’Bk fu;ksxh ¼81-2%½]
iq=h MkW- “kfeZyk ?kk’s k fu;kxs h vkSj moZ”kh ikWy ¼81%½] iq=h Jh ih-d-s
ikWyA bl oxZ esa] çR;q”k jes’k dks muds çn’kZu ds fy, 2000@&
#i;s udn iqjLdkj] ,d ç’kalk çek.ki=] ,d VªkWQh vkSj migkj
çkIr gqvk vkSj ckdh cPpkas dks ç”kla k çek.ki=] VªkWQh vkSj migkj
çkIr g,q A
rhljs oxZ ¼d{kk 10½ e]as vfHk”ksd ‘ks[kju] iq= Jh ih- ts- ‘ks[kju
dks d{kk 10 esa vPNs çn’kZu (>95% - A+)] ds fy, 3]000 #i;ksa
dk udn iqjLdkj] ç’kalk çek.ki=] VªkWQh vkSj ,d migkj çkIr
gqvk vkSj pkSFks oxZ ¼d{kk 11&12½ e]as lR;ukjk;.ku] iq= Jh ds-
osadVpye dks d{kk 11 esa muds csgrjhu çn’kZu ¼89-4%½] ds
fy, 4]000 #i;ksa dk udn iqjLdkj] ç’kalk çek.ki=] VªkWQh vkSj
,d migkj çkIr gqvkA
ge lHkh cPpkas dks muds vdknfed o’kZ ds fy, “kHq kPs Nk,¡ nrs sa gaS vkjS vk”kk
djrs gaS fd os geas lky nj lky blh rjg xkjS kfUor djrs jgxas As
ge Lokxr djrs g-aS ---
Jh lqjsUnz flag dk] ftUgkuas s vçSy] 2010 ls QkmMa ”s ku eas
,p-vkj- eSuts j ds rkSj ij in xzg.k fd;k gSA mUgas ekuo
lla kËku çcËa ku dk;Z es 12 o’kkZsa dk vuqHko gS vkSj QkmMa ”s ku
eas vkus ls iow Z mUgkuas s fczfV”k mPp vk;kxs ] ,D”ku,M~ vkSj
gSMa hdSi bVa ju”s kyu eas dk;Z fd;kA os fnYyh ;fw uoflZVh
Lukrd gSa vkSj mUgkuas s vkbZ-,e-Vh- xkft;kckn ls ,e-ch-,-
fd;k gSA
MkW latho dqekj dk] ftUgkuas s QkmMa ”s ku eas ^“kgjh xjhckas
dk LokLF; ¼,p-;-w ih-½ @;,w l,M~ & çkts Ds V* ds fy, ,e-
vkbZ-,l- vfËkdkjh ds rkSj ij in xzg.k fd;k gSA mUgas
lkoZftud LokLF; eas ih-,p-Mh- gkfly gS vkSj mUgas 12
o’kkZsa ls vfËkd vuqHko gSA blls igys os ”kgjh LokLF;
lla kËku dnas z eas Vhe yhMj] fjlpZ] Kku çcËa ku vkSj iSjoh
bdkbZ eas dk;Zjr FkAs
lqJh xhrk ,l- dqekj dk] ftUgksaus QkmaMs”ku esa ^“kgjh
xjhcksa dk LokLF; ¼,p-;w-ih-½@;w,l,M~ & çkstsDV* ds
fy, lgk;d lfpo ds rkSj ij in xzg.k fd;k gSA os
foKku Lukrd gSa vkSj orZeku eas ,e-ch-,- dj jgh gSAa mUgas
fofHké {kerkvkas eas 19 o’kkZsa ls vfËkd vuqHko gSA mUgkuas ]s
,u-ih-lh-vkb-Z ,y- jkTLFkku( lcq kz ls fyfeVMs ( flQh( vkWDlQeS (
d;s j vkSj ;uw Ls dks ds lkFk dke fd;k gSA
Jh ,l- jkek’ks”ku dks]
tks 1 ebZ 2010 dks lfpo
vkSj dk’s kkË;{k ds in ls
34 o’kkZsa dh veYw ; los k
ds ckn ih-,Q-vkbZ- ls
los kfuoÙ` k g,q A ih-,Q-vkb-Z
esa 31 ebZ] 2010 dks
vk;ksftr lekjksg esa
vfËk”kklh fun”s kd] Jh ,-
vkj- uUn us mUgas Lekjd fpUg vkSj Qyw kas ds xqynLrs ls lEekfur fd;kA
vius vyfonk Hkk’k.k eas Jh una us yEcs le; ;s fofHké {kerkvkas eas ih-
,Q-vkbZ- ds lkFk muds yEcs tqMk+ o dh ljkguk dhA ih-,Q-vkbZ- dk
LVkWQ mUgas ,d [kq”k vkSj “kk¡fre; los kfuo`Ùk thou ds fy, “kqHkdkeuk,¡
nrs s gASa
lqJh e`nq ikaMs dk]s ftUgkuas s QkmMa ”s ku eas dk;ZØe foHkkx eas çkxs zke
v”kkfs l,V ¼çkxs zke fMoys ieVas ½ ds rkSj ij dk;Z fd;k( Jh fot; dqekj
dks ftUgkuas s ih-,Q-vkb-Z ds lkFk Xykcs y Q.M ,p-vkb-Z oh-@,Ml~ çkts Ds V
ij ofj’B vuqnku çcËa kd ds rkSj ij dk;Z fd;k( Jh lR; jatu feJk
dks ftUgkuas s iSdkMZ çkts Ds V ij çkts Ds V eSuts j ds rkSj dk;Z fd;k( vkSj
MkW- Jcarh lsu dks ftUgkuas s Ldfs yxa &vi foHkkx eas çkxs zke eSuts j ds
rkSj ij dk;Z fd;kA
Lkia kndh; ekxZn'kZu
Jh ,- vkj- Ukan
lqJh lksuk 'kekZ
lia knd
lqJh pkanuh efyd
lia kndh; lgk;rk
lqJh tksyh tksl
12
lia kndh; lfefr
lqJh Å"kk jk;
Mkñ vYekl vyh
Mkñ yfyrsUnq txrnsc
Mkñ 'kfeZyk th- fu;ksxh
izdk'kd
ikWiqys'ku QkmaMs'ku vkWQ bafM;k
ch&28] drq cq bLa VhV;~ 'w kuy ,fj;k] ubZ fnYyh&110016] Hkkjr
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