Engaging with Corporate Sector Family Planning Reproductive Health HIV AIDS :: PFI Publication :: KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT CENTRE PORTAL, POPULATION FOUNDATION OF INDIA

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Engaging with Corporate Sector Family Planning Reproductive Health HIV AIDS

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Engaging with Corporate Sector Family Planning Reproductive Health HIV AIDS

1 Pages 1-10

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1.1 Page 1

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Engaging With

Corporate Sector

Family Planning

Reproductive Health

HIV/AIDS

1970 - 2007

Population Foundation of India

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Engaging With

Corporate Sector

Family Planning

Reproductive Health

HIV/AIDS

1970 - 2007

Population Foundation of India

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Foreword

Population Foundation of India (PFI) was established by a group of

enlightened, socially committed and philanthropically inclined

industrialists led by late JRD Tata and late Dr Bharat Ram as

a noble expression for their concern for the welfare of people and to

complement the Government’s initiatives on issues relating to

Reproductive and Child Health. The pioneering and excellent work

done by PFI over the years for the welfare of the people has placed

it amongst India’s leading non-governmental organizations.

PFI has been playing a catalytic role to create an enabling

environment at the National, State and local levels for policy

advocacy on issues relating to population stabilisation, women and

child welfare and by providing support for action-research

programmes in these areas. Corporate philanthropy support has

helped PFI in its various activities and programmes.

This Monograph on “Engaging with Corporate Sector, Family

Planning, Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS – 1970-2007”

describes the PFI’s engagement with corporate sector in the last

four decades. It also documents how PFI with a regular dialogue

and constant interaction has been able

to leverage and blend the corporate

sector’s strengths with that of the

organisation to contribute to social

development and improving the quality

of life of society at large. I commend

the efforts of PFI in preparing this Monograph and am happy to

release the publication for public use.

I take this opportunity of requesting my industry colleagues and

friends to come forward in a much more substantial manner and

engage extensively in activities of PFI. The PFI on its part reiterates

its commitment to work with the industry and business to help

India achieve its march towards a faster and inclusive growth path.

Hari Shankar Singhania

Chairman,

Governing Board, PFI

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From the Executive Director’s desk ………

The Population Foundation of India was registered as a Society

(Family Planning Foundation) under the Indian Societies

Registration Act, 1860, on 12 October 1970 with an objective to

undertake research in population and to render financial assistance

for projects in the field of family planning. In 1993, it was

rechristened as Population Foundation of India (PFI).

The Foundation has since its inception been working with the

corporate sector, national and international non-governmental

oragnisations and the central & the state governments. The

Foundation is now working across the country with 12 field offices

and 87 personnel. The thrust areas are service delivery, capacity

building, research, advocacy, communication and scaling up

successful models in reproductive and adolescent health.

The Foundation, apart from raising funds from the corporate

sector, has conducted series of workshops on population & health

and promotion of girl child leading to policy shifts within the

corporate sector and the government. With the corporate sector

the Foundation is implementing reproductive health, family

planning, child health and HIV/AIDS

programmes in the neighbouring areas

of their operations.

This monograph consolidates the 37

years of rich experience of the

Foundation with the corporate sector,

various co-operatives and trade unions from 1970 to 2007. These

experiences include research studies, advocacy workshops, seminars

and field interventions. These are very valuable. The Foundation

will continue to work with the corporate sector in all aspects to

carry forward rights based, gender sensitive and quality oriented

reproductive health and family planning programmes.

A R Nanda

Executive Director, PFI

March, 2008

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Mr. J.R.D. ‘Tata

Founder Chairman, Governing Board, PFI

1970-1993

Milestones in JRD Tata’s Life

1904

1909

1923

1924

1925

1926

1929

1930

1932

1938

1942

1944

1948

1953

1958

1970

1979

1982

1983

1991

1992

Born in Paris, France

At Hardelot beach resort in France developed the interest in aviation.

Mother Sooni expired

Drafted into the French Army’s Le Saphis regiment

Joined Tata Sons as an apprentice

Father Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata expired, JRD inherits the directorship in Tata Sons

Become India’s first commercial pilot licence-holder

Married to Thelma Vicaji

Inaugurated Tata Aviation Service, flies solo between Karachi – Bombay

Appointed Chairman, Tata Sons

Attended the INC session where the historic Quit India resolution was passed

Unveiled Bombay Plan; launched the J R D Tata Trust; initiated TIFR

Air India incorporated as a joint sector venture

Air India nationalized with JRD as Chairman

Elected IATA President

Initiated establishment of Family Planning Foundation

Presented the Tony Jannus Award

Re-enacted the solo Karachi-Bombay flight on the golden jubilee of Indian Civil Aviation

Bestowed rank of Commander of French Legion of Honour

Relinquished Chairmanship of Tata Sons

Conferred Bharat Ratna

Presented the United Nations Population Award

“Woman is the

critical fulcrum of

family and

Community Prosperity”

JRD Tata

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Dr. Bharat Ram

Chairman, Governing Board, PFI

December 1993 – July 2007

D r. Bharat Ram, a leading industrialist, had been associated with the Population Foundation

of India since its inception in 1970 as one of the Founders and Vice Chairman of the

Governing Board of the Foundation. He served as the Board Chairman of the Foundation from1993

till his death on 10 July 2007. His vision and commitment to working on the issues of population

stabilization has been a key factor in leading the Foundation to emerge as one of the internationally

known leading Indian NGOs in the field of reproductive health and family planning.

Under Dr. Bharat Ram’s leadership, the Foundation evolved meaningful programmes, for the

economically weaker and marginalized sections of the socio-demographically backward districts,

which could serve as an evidence for policy advocacy keeping in view the changes in the population

dynamics. He believed that addressing the issues of population stabilization calls for a social

revolution and family planning must be made a way of life. He ensured that the Foundation worked

in closed coordination with the government in all its programmes. He recognized, encouraged and

supported the role of voluntary organizations, corporate sector, co-operatives and trade unions in

family planning. Addressing industrial managers in Delhi in 1992, Dr. Bharat Ram said “India is

adopting an absolute new economic order and this places Indian industry at the heart of the nation

building programmes”. He called the attention of large, medium and small scale enterprises to join

the efforts of the Foundation and the government in family planning. Dr Bharat Ram had requested

the Prime Minister to convene a meeting of State Health Ministers and the representatives of

industry and trade, particularly of the apex Chambers to draw a comprehensive plan to tackle the

challenges of population, identifying the role of industry and trade in specific terms. Always keeping

in mind the magnitude of the task, Dr. Bharat Ram put emphasis on peoples involvement in the

programmes for sustaining the efforts.

“We are wedded to

the principle of

freedom, the first

condition of growth

or development

in the widest sense”

Bharat Ram

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2 Pages 11-20

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Table of Contents

Introduction

Comprehensive Labour Welfare Scheme

Integrating Population Education for All India Handicraft Board, Varanasi

Primary Health Care and Family Planning Services through the Milk Cooperative Infrastructure

Promoting Family Planning among Industrial Workers

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Chandigarh

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Bombay

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Kolkata

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Chennai

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Patna

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Bangalore

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Kanpur

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Ahmedabad

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Bhopal

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Search for New Strategies

How to involve Trade Unions in Family Planning

Training Workshops for Industrial Managers to Promote Family Planning

Page No.

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Regional Workshop at Hyderabad on Family Welfare in Organised Sector

Workshop on Family Welfare in Organised Sector – Jaipur, Rajasthan Chambers of Commerce & Industry

“Centre for Better Life” – A Project to Promote Spacing Methods among

Women Industrial Workers of Kalka-Solan Industrial Complex

Workshop on Family Welfare with PHDCCI

Workshop on Family Welfare Programme: Role of Corporate Sector

The Intensive Reproductive Health and Family Welfare Programme, Ghaziabad, U.P.

Intensive Reproductive Health and Family Welfare Programmes for Badaun

District of Uttar Pradesh by Tata Chemicals Society for Rural Development

Total Integrated Package for Dewas District of Madhya Pradesh by

Ranbaxy Community Health Care Society

Improving the Availability and Quality of RCH Services at the Grassroots by

Bhoruka Charitable Trust, Rajasthan

Adolescent Reproductive Health by Tata Steel Family Initiative Foundation, Jamshedpur

Adolescent Reproductive Health by Parivar Kalyan Sansthan, Tata Motors

Adolescent Initiatives in Uttaranchal by Himalayan Institute Hospital Trust, Dehradun

Initiatives with the Corporate Sector against Female Foeticide

Parivartan : Family Welfare and Population Development Programme – JK Tyre

Naya Savera : Integrated Family Welfare Programme – JK Lakshmi Cement

101

Initiatives with Corporates for ‘Access to Care & Treatment (ACT)’ in HIV/AIDS

105

Improving Reproductive & Child Health Status of the Tribals in Noamundi Block in

109

West Singhbhum District of Jharkhand

The Way Forward

112

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Mr. Harish Khanna, Dr. Bharat Ram, Mr. J.R.D. Tata

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Introduction

T he Population Foundation of India (formerly Family

Planning Foundation) is a non-governmental voluntary

organization created in 1970 to play supportive and innovative

roles in helping solve India’s population issues, and also to help

evolve effective population policies. The Foundation, sponsored by

a group of leading industrialists, professionals and social workers,

grew out of the realization that the magnitude and complexity of

India’s population problems called for galvanizing voluntary efforts

to supplement the Government’s programme. A pioneer in the

family planning movement, late Mr Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhai

Tata, was the Founder Chairman of the Foundation from its

inception till November 1993. From December 1993 to July 2007,

Dr Bharat Ram, a leading industrialist, was the Chairman of the

Foundation. The new name of the organization, signifies recognition

of a broader vision of population which encompasses different facets

of development as well as the scope of the Foundation’s activity.

Mr. JRD Tata was one of the first few to advocate family planning

right from the early years of independence. He launched family

planning programmes in TISCO, TELCO and other Tata concerns,

which have drawn admiration from one and all and acted as

models for other corporates to follow. He was a very vocal member

of the Population Advisory Council of the Government of India.

Mr. Tata was very much concerned about the well being of the

people of this country. The Foundation was established with

generous support of Ford Foundation and with the knowledge and

informal approval of Shri K.K. Shah, the then Minister for Health

& Family Planning and with the blessings of Prime Minister at

that time, Smt. Indira Gandhi.

The principal means by which the Foundation was intended to

supplement the great programme launched by the Government of

India, was by undertaking and financing research in one of the

most complex problems facing the world in general, and India in

particular, and in extending financial assistance to family planning

programmes undertaken by individuals, NGOs and CSOs. Within

chosen parameters, the Foundation’s main focus as in the words

of the Founder Chairman, the late Mr JRD Tata is “advancing the

cause of human welfare through family planning”

With the purpose of playing an innovative role in population and

family planning in the country, the Foundation had set before it

the task of identifying important and critical areas of changing

and challenging population issues and family planning along with

developing meaningful projects, programmes and research. The

Foundation without losing its independence kept close liaison with

the Government especially with the Ministry of Health and Family

Planning with a view to ensure that the supportive role of the

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Foundation to the family planning programmes becomes truly

meaningful.

The Foundation is one of the leading national organizations in the

forefront to advocate for the reproductive health and family

planning needs of the people of this country. The operational area

of the Foundation embraces the whole country. It implements

programmes in different unserved and underserved areas like the

remote rural villages, tribal areas and urban slums. It works

closely with the government, other national and international

organizations to promote gender sensitive and rights based policy

shifts in reproductive, child health and family planning

programmes.

It was realized from the start, in view of the magnitude of the

task that if the Foundation was to make an effective contribution,

it should have adequate funds to disburse each year to support

the projects/programmes approved by the Board. The then

Governing Board Members – Mr. JRD Tata, Dr. Bharat Ram,

Col. Dipak Bhatia, Mr S.P. Godrej, Mr P.N. Haksar, Mr H.V.R.

Iengar, Mr Jaykrishna Harivallabhdas, Mr T.S. Krishna, Mr

R.N. Madhok, Mr Bhaskar Mitter, Dr K.N. Rao, Lady Dhanvanthi

Rama Rau, Dr L.M. Singhvi, Dr K.L. Wig and Col. B.H. Zaidi,

therefore, set before themselves an initial task of raising from

industrial and business sources. In 1971, the very first year of

fund raising activities, the Foundation got donations from Indian

Industries to the tune of Rs. 26.25 lakhs. The contributors

included:

Ahmedabad Region

Alembic Glass Industries Ltd.

Atul Products, Bipin Mills

Calico Mills Ltd.

Cellulose Products of India Ltd.

Chemical Agency Ahmedabad

Gujarat State Fertilizers Co. Ltd.

Harshavadan Mangaldas &

Mrs Devyani Harshavadan Mangaldas Trust

Kanchangavri Mangaldas Public Charitable Trust

Lalbhai Group

New Commercial Mills Ltd.

Rajesh Textiles Mills Ltd.

Reliance Textile Industries (P) Ltd.

Rohit Mills Ltd.

Sardosai Brothers Ltd.

Sheth Mithardas Harivallabhdas Trust Fund

Sheth Shri Nanji Kalidas Mehta Allied Industries Hospital Trust

Shri Ambica Mills Ltd.

Shri Arbuda Mills Ltd.

SLM Maneklal Industries Ltd.

T Maneklal Mfg. Co. Ltd.

The Ahmedabad Cotton Mfg. Co. Ltd.

The Ahmedabad Electricity Co. Ltd.

The Ahmedabad Mfg. &

Calico Printing Co. Ltd.

The Ahmedabad New Cotton Mills Co. Ltd.

The Anil Starch Products Ltd.

The Aruna Mills Ltd.

The Arvind Mills Ltd.

The Asoka Mills Ltd.

The Baroda Rayon Corporation Ltd.

The Commercial Ahmedabad Mills Co. Ltd.

The Nutan Mills Ltd., The Rajpur Mfg. Co. Ltd.

The Saraspur Mills Ltd.

The Tarun Commercial Mills Ltd. and

Tic Industries Ltd.

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Chennai Region

Anglo French Textiles Ltd.

Ashok Leyland Ltd.

Automobile Products of India Ltd.

Avalon Products (P) Ltd.

Bojaraj Textile Mills Ltd.

Bundy Tubing of India Ltd.

Corborundum Universal Ltd.

Coromondel Predorite Ltd.

E.I.D. Parry (India) Ltd.

Engine Valves Ltd.

First Leasing Co. (I) Ltd.

India Filters Manufacturers P. Ltd.

India Radiators Ltd.

International Investments (P) Ltd.

Lakshmi Card Clothing Mfg. Co. Ltd.

Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd.

Lakshmi Mills Co. Ltd.

Lucas Indian Service Ltd.

Lucas TVS Limited

Madras Motors & Gen. Insurance

Madras Rubber Factory (P) Ltd.

Mercantile Credit Corporation

Motor Industries Co. Ltd.

Parrys Confectionery Ltd.

Premier Cotton Spinning Mills Ltd.

Premier Mills (Cbe) Ltd.

Raja Palayam Mills Ltd.

Rani Lakshmi Ginning

Spng. & Wvg. Mills (P) Ltd.

Royalaseema Passenger &

Goods Transports Ltd.

Shriram Fibres Ltd.

Sita Lakshmi Mills Ltd.

South India Corporation (Agencies) Ltd.

South India Shipping Corporation Ltd.

South India Sugars Ltd.

South India Viscose Ltd.

Southern Petrochemicals Industries Corp. Ltd.

Southern Roadways

Sundaram Finance

Sundaram Industries

Sundaram Textiles

Super Spinning Mills Ltd.

T.V. Sundaram & Sons

T.V. Sundaram Clayton Iyengar

The Coimbatore Cotton Mills Ltd.

Tube Investments of India Ltd.

Tubes & Malleables Ltd.

United Planters’ Association of Southern India

Nilgiries, Varadha Lakshmi Mills Ltd.

Wadia (Ind) Ltd.

Wheels India Ltd.

Yenkay Associates (P) Ltd. and

Yenkay Charities Trust.

Delhi Region

Ballarpur Industries Ltd.

Bharat Steels Tubes

Delhi Cloth Mills

Escorts Limited

Escorts Tractors Ltd.

Goetze (India) Ltd.

Shriram Fibres Ltd.

Straw Products Ltd.

Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. and

The Delhi Cloth & General Mills Co. Ltd.

Kolkata Region

ACC-Vickers-Babcock Ltd.

Asiatic Oxygen Limited

Assam Frontier Tea Co. Ltd.

Assam Oil Co. Ltd.

Avery India Ltd.

Bally June Co. Ltd.

Banarhat Tea Co. Ltd.

Bata India Ltd.

Bata Shoe Co. Pvt. Ltd.

Bavgang Tea Co. Ltd.

Bengal Ingot Co. Ltd.

Birla Group of Industries

Birla Jute Mfg. Co. Ltd.

Bishnauth Charitable Trust (Macneill & Magor

Ltd.)

Bordubi Tea Co. Ltd.

Boroi Tea Co. Ltd.

Brooke Bond India Ltd.

Budge Budge Amalgamated Mills

Century Spg. & Mfg. Co. Ltd.

Chloride India

Citi Bank N.A.

Coates of India Ltd.

Corramore Tea Co. Ltd.

Cruickshank & Co. Ltd.

Dewrance Macneill & Co. Ltd.

Dunlop India Ltd.

Flender Macnill Gears Ltd.

General Fibre Dealers Pvt. Ltd.

General Marketing & Mfg. Co. Ltd.

Gobind Sugar Mills Ltd.

Guest Keen Williams Ltd.

Gwalior Rayon Silk Mfg.(Wvg) Co. Ltd.

Hindustan Aluminium Corporation

Hindustan Development Corporation Ltd.

Hindustan Motors Ltd.

Hindustan Times Ltd.

Hindustan Welfare Trust

Hukum Chand Jute Mills Ltd.

India Carbon Ltd

India Foils Limited

India Tobacco Co. Ltd.

Indian Aluminium Co. Ltd.

Indian Explosives Ltd.

Indian Oxygen Limited

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Indian Smelting and Refining Co. Ltd.

Indian Yeast Co. Ltd., Itakholi Tea Co. Ltd.

J.K. Trust Calcutta

Jay Shree Tea & Industries

Jiyajeerao Cotton Mills Ltd.

Johustan Lamps India Ltd.

Kanoria Chemicals & Industries

Katras Jherriah Coal Co.

Kesoram Industries & Cotton Mills Ltd.

Koomsang Tea Co. Ltd.

Kothari Foundation

Kusum Products Ltd.

Macneill & Barry Ltd.

Macneill & Magor Ltd.

Manjuli Tea Co. Ltd.

Metal Box India Ltd.

Metel Box Co. of India Ltd.

Mysore Cements Ltd.

National and Grindlays Bank Ltd.

National Co. Ltd.

National Eng. Industries Ltd.

National Tobacco of India Ltd.

New Birbhum Coal Co. Ltd.

New India Sugar Mills Ltd.

New Swedesi Sugar Mills Ltd.

Orient General Industries Ltd.

Orient Paper & Industries Ltd.

Orient Paper Mills Ltd.

Phillips India Ltd.

Phillips Carbon Black Ltd.

Pilani Investment Corporation Ltd.

Place Siddow & Gouch Pvt. Ltd.

Price Waterhouse

Peat & Co.

Produce & Share Brokers Ltd.

Rajasthan Industries Ltd.

Rajgarh Tea Co. Ltd.

Rajwai Tea Co. Ltd.

Reckit & Colman of India

Reckitt & Colman of India Ltd.

Reliance Jute & Industries Ltd.

Rewa Coalfields Ltd.

Salonah Tea Co. Ltd.

Shaw Wallace & Co. Ltd.

Shree Digvijaya Woolen Mills Ltd.

Silk Manufacturing Co. Ltd.

Somany Charity Trust

Star Paper Mills Ltd.

Sutlej Cotton Mills Ltd

Texmaco Limited

Textile Machinery Corporation Ltd.

Tezpore Tea Co. Ltd.

The Agarpara Co. Ltd.

The Amrita Bazar Patrika

The Assam Co. Ltd.

The Assam Estates Ltd.

The Attarkhat Tea Co. Ltd.

The Binani Metal Works Ltd.

The Bishnauth Tea Co. Ltd.

The Borelli Tea Co. Ltd.

The Calcutta Elec. Supply Corporation

The Chartered Bank

The Chitavalash Jute Mills. Co.

The Ganges Mfg. Co. Ltd.

The General Electric Co. of India Ltd.

The Gourepore Co. Ltd.

The Greenwood Tea Co. Ltd.

The Hooghly Flour Mills Co. Ltd.

The India Cable Co.

The India Jute Co. Ltd.

The Indian Tube Co. Ltd.

The Moaband Tea Co. Ltd.

The Nuddea Mills Co. Ltd.

The Oudh Sugar Mills Ltd.

The Rameshwara Jute Mills Ltd.

The Selected Baraboni Coal Co.

The Tata Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.

The Tinplate Co. of India Ltd.

The Upper Assam Tea Co. Ltd.

Thwai Tea Co. Ltd., Tingri Tea Co. Ltd.

Tribeni Tissues Ltd.

Union Carbide India Ltd.

Universal Cables Ltd.

Upper Ganges Sugar Mills Ltd.

Usha Martin Black (Wire Ropes)

Western Bengal Coal Fields Ltd.

Williamson Magon & Co. Ltd. and

Williamson Magor.

Mumbai Region

Agfa Gevart India Ltd.

Associated Bearing Co. Ltd.

Associated Cement Co.

Bayer India Ltd.

Bharat Forge Co. Ltd.

Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd.

Bombay Dyeing & Mfg. Co.

Bombay Ring Travellers Co. Ltd.

Bombay Suburban Electric Supply Co. Ltd.

Burmah Shell Oil Storage & Distributing

Co. of India Ltd

Caltex (India) Ltd.

Ceat Tyres of India Ltd.

Colour-Chem Limited

Crompton Greaves Ltd.

David Brown Greaves Ltd.

Dharamsi Morarji Chemicals Co. Ltd.

Drayton Greaves Ltd.

Esso Eastern Inc.

Eureka Forbes Ltd.

Facit Asia Ltd.

Forbes Forbes Campbell & Co. Ltd.

Glaxo Laboratories

Godrej Trust

Gokak Patel Volkart Ltd.

Goodlass Nerolac Paints Ltd.

Greaves Cotton & Co. Ltd.

Greaves Dronsfield Ltd.

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Greaves Foseco Ltd.

Herdillia Chemicals Ltd.

Hindustan Lever Limited

Hoeches Dyes & Chemicals Ltd.

Indian Dyestuff Industries

Indian Hotel (Tata)

Indian Organic Chemicals Ltd.

Indian Vegetable Products Ltd.

Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation

of India Ltd.

IVP Limited

J.M. Financial & Investment

Jamshedji Tata Trust

JRD Tata Trust

Kamani Eng. Corporation Ltd.

Kelvinator of India Ltd.

Larsen & Toubro Ltd.

Mafatlal Fine Spg. & Mfg. Co. Ltd.

Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.

Mahindra Spicer Ltd.

Mahindra Ugine Steel Co. Ltd.

Mazagon Dock Ltd.

Mihir Textiles Ltd.

Mukund Iron & Steel Works Ltd.

National Peroxide Ltd.

National Rayon Corpn. Ltd.

New India Industries Ltd.

Nirlon Synthetic Fibres & Chemicals Ltd.

Nowrosjee Waida & Sons Pvt. Ltd.

Pirojsha Godrej Foundation

Premier Tyres Ltd.

Rallis India Ltd.

Ruston & Hornsby (I) Ltd.

Sandoz (India) Ltd.

Sandvik Asia Limited

Siemens India Ltd.

Sir Dorabji Tata Trust

Sir Ratan Tata Trust

Sir Ratanji Tata Trust

Sturdia Chemicals Ltd.

Surat Cotton Spg. & Wvg. Mills

Svadeshi Mills Co. Ltd.

Synthetics & Chemicals Ltd.

Tata Chemicals Ltd.

Tata Engg. & Locomotive Co.

Tata Finlay Ltd. (Calcutta)

Tata, Hydro Elec. Power Supply

Tata Iron & Steel Co.

Tata Oil Mills Co.

Tata Robins Fraser Ltd.

Tata Tea Ltd.

Tata Yodegawa Ltd.

TELCO

The Ahmedbad Avance Mills Ltd.

The Andhra Valley Power Supply Co.

The Assam Match Co. Ltd.

The Baroda Rayon Corportion Ltd.

The Bombay Burmah Trading Corpn. Ltd.

The Cibatul Ltd.

The Great Eastern Shipping Co. Ltd.

The India Tube Co. Ltd.

The Indian Plywood Mfg. Co. Ltd.

The Indian Tube Co. Ltd.

The New India Assurance Co. Ltd.

The New Shorrock Spg. & Mfg. Co.Ltd.

The Pioneer Magnesia Works Ltd.

The Scindia Steam Navigation Co. Ltd.

The Standard Mills Co. Ltd.

The Tata Power Co. Ltd.

The Wallace Flour Mills Co. Ltd.

Union Carbide India Ltd.

Varuna Investments Ltd.

Vissanji Khimji & Co. Pvt. Ltd.

Volkart Foundation (Patel-Volkart Ltd.)

Voltas Bombay, Vulcan-Laval Ltd. (Wimco)

Western India Match Co. Ltd.

Zuari Agro Chemicals Ltd.

Former

Executive Directors

Prof. J.C. Kavoori

September 1972 -

August 1985

Mr. P. Padmanabha

February 1986 -

September 1986

Mr. Harish Khanna

September 1986 -

July 1995

Dr. K. Srinivasan

August 1995 -

May 2002

2.10 Page 20

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3 Pages 21-30

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3.1 Page 21

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1973

Comprehensive Labour Welfare Scheme

A two-year project on Comprehensive Labour Welfare Scheme,

was initiated by Mr V.I. Chacko, on behalf of the United Planters

Association of Southern India, Coonoor, Tamil Nadu in 1973. The

objectives of the project were –

• To study the effect of No Birth Bonus Scheme on the

women.

• To evaluate the effect of No Birth Bonus Scheme with

Comprehensive Labour Welfare Scheme, as against the

Comprehensive Labour Welfare Scheme alone.

The United Planters Association of Southern India (UPASI) took

up a pioneering plan of launching a Comprehensive Labour Welfare

Scheme for the workers and their families. The scheme was

initially supported by the USAID and later by the Government of

India. However, due to reasons of economy the Government of

India discontinued its grant to UPASI. The Foundation, on the

request of UPASI, stepped in and sanctioned a grant of Rs 2,00,000/

- to keep the scheme going and to introduce the programme of ‘No

Birth Bonus Scheme (NBBS)’ to the women in the reproductive

age group. The sanction of the Foundation was made on two

conditions. Firstly, the budget provided by the Foundation was to

be specifically used on developing the programme and not on

paying the bonus to the women. Secondly, the UPASI should raise

the matching grant from other sources.

Under the scheme, every women in the reproductive age group

(15-44 years), was to be invited to join the NBBS. After she

registered, she would be entitled for Rs 5/- per month. In case she

delivered a child after joining the scheme (and provided it was the

first, second or third child), a part of the accumulated bonus was

to be deducted. However, she was to forfeit the entire amount in

case she delivered the fourth child.

In brief the three project estates selected for the experiment were

situated at a distance of about 20 miles from the headquarters.

The following activities were carried out in the area as part of the

Comprehensive Labour Welfare Scheme (CLWS):

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a) Medical Care & Creche

b) Labour club

c) Primary school

d) No Birth Bonus Scheme

The UPASI experiment had generated much worldwide interest in

its attempt to study the impact of deferred incentives through the

No Birth Bonus Scheme (NBBS) on fertility. In addition, the

estates under NBBS and some of the others were also under the

Comprehensive Labour Welfare Scheme, which included medical

care, creches, labour clubs and primary schools. The project aimed

to establish the most effective methods in motivating plantation

workers to accept family planning and total improvement of the

welfare of the family. However, later in 1975 this scheme was

discontinued, largely because of financial and administrative

reasons: as for one thing, wages had increased rather rapidly and

for another, the results though positive were not dramatically

superior to other estates where the CLWS was being implemented

in isolation.

The UPASI experiment has conclusively proved its basic hypothesis:

that family planning is best canvassed within an integrated, caring

health and welfare programme, and that careful maintenance of

existing facilities and resources can bring substantial improvements

in the quality of life of the workers. Moreover, it has developed

and demonstrated a methodology by which this approach is also

cost-effective and therefore replicable on a very wide scale. UPASI’s

CLW Scheme has shown that existing funds and facilities can be

far better utilized with proper management and medical

coordination and the involvement of the people themselves.

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1980

Integrating Population Education for All India Handicraft Board, Varanasi

The All India Handicraft Board’s (AIHB) craft training

programme served nearly 1,00,000 boys and girls in the age

group 12-18 years. A major craft area was carpet weaving for

which 6,000 training centres were initiated in the country, mostly

concentrated in UP, Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir, which were the

areas of lowest family planning acceptance in the country. Nearly

30,000 boys and girls were involved in the carpet weaving training

programme alone. This infrastructure was perceived to provide a

valuable base for additionally sub serving the national population

objectives by providing population education to an important target

group – the parents of tomorrow. Eventually there was also potential

for using the training centres as a base to reach out to the families

of trainees with health education and services that included family

planning as an integral part of improving the quality of life.

suitable methodology and curriculum, besides the course materials

for the work to demonstrate the acceptability and effectiveness of

the model for international by AIHB. The Project covered 35 Carpet

Weaving Training Centers and reached out to over 4000

beneficiaries.

This project was implemented by School of Social Work, Kashi

Vidyapeeth, Varanasi. Suitable materials were developed for

carrying out population education with a view to sensitise AIHB

to the potential available within its infrastructure for furthering

the small family norm for the country. This project developed a

“No success or achievement in national terms is worthwhile

unless it serves the needs or interests of the country

and its people”

J.R.D. Tata

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3.5 Page 25

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1981

Primary Health Care and Family Planning Services through the Milk Cooperative

Infrastructure

The dairy cooperative movement under the

aegis of Operation Flood II launched by

the Government in 1970 resulted in the setting

up of 500 milk cooperatives in 4 states. Under

the Sixth Plan Operation Flood-II a major strategy of rural

development was to cover 10 million rural families in 145 districts

in practically all the states. From a central modern hub – the

milk processing plant – contact is maintained twice daily with the

remotest villages in the district for the purpose of milk collection

and each time the milk collection centre forms a congregating

point for a considerable section of the village. The milk cooperative

societies in each village also provide an organized community

infrastructure. It was felt by many that there was considerable

scope to utilize such rural base with its modern backing for serving

other social needs of the community.

At the village level the milk cooperatives provide a regular twice

daily assemble of villagers and physical spare that can be used as

a base for activity. Its milk collection system and animal allied

services are backed up by the most modern amenities that bring

scientific personnel, vehicles and telecommunication facilities to

the villages. Over and above these tangible advantages is an

intangible but critical asset: that of the solidarity and strength of

a participatory organization built up of village level societies

federated into a union at the district level and further linked to

state and finally a national level organization.

Primary health care utilizing family planning services for the

people was one area that was considered to be piloted. The need

was to demonstrate to the organizations that with very minimal

adjustments, the infrastructure could sub serve a critical need of

its community and contrary to the stated fears of the administrative

burdens and financial responsibilities would be quite manageable.

Towards this end, the Foundation had prolonged interaction with

NDDB and finally convinced the organization to experiment with

some innovative approaches in one or two areas.

Bhatinda district in Punjab was suggested by the NDDB. In order

to evolve a cost effective way of creating a medical service, the

Foundation had further interacted with Indian Medical Association,

which had 51,000 members across the country, to see if it can join

hands on a voluntary basis to provide medical care to the milk

cooperative centres. To evolve a methodology, assess its effectiveness

and cost, a demonstration project was proposed to be started in

Bhatinda District.

As a first phase of this exercise, the Foundation sanctioned a

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small project to survey the area and formulate concrete project

design. The pilot project was initiated in 1982. The objective of

this project was to test and demonstrate the potential of the milk

cooperative infrastructure for primary health and family welfare

work and to build one model for such work that could be self-

sufficient in a certain time-frame.

The Guru Milk Union and the Bhatinda District Authorities’

commitment to the programme were evident by the collaborative

funding made available for the purchase of a jeep for the project.

Despite considerable teething troubles and the difficult political

situation in Punjab, the pilot project gained the involvement of

the milk cooperative. Clinics equipped with basic supplies and

medicines were set up in the villages and doctor visited the clinic

twice a week. The Milk Cooperative Secretary in each village were

selected and trained. Linkages were made with District Health

Authorities for supplies and referrals. Efforts were to organize

women’s groups around Dari making which was a cottage skill of

the area unutilized for economic purposes, with a view to use

these women groups as a community action group. The eligible

couple register were introduced in the villages and efforts were

made to provide family planning services and carry out

immunization of all children in the project villages. The project

was able to do a quantum of field work – 414 women accepted

sterilizations and Copper Ts. Condoms were regularly distributed

in 12 villages to 600 couples; 650 children were immunized for

three doses OPV and DPT and 8,000 patients were attended to at

the village level besides referral cases. Development and sanitation

activities were undertaken. Construction of the Community Bio-

Gas plant was done in one of the project villages with funding

support from Science and Technology Department of Government

of India.

A proposal to scale up the project based on the experiences of the

pilot project supported by the Population Foundation of India was

developed and submitted to the government. This resulted in

initiating nearly one crore project largely (75%) funded by the

government and partly (25%) by the Guru Milk Union and the

local community.

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1987

Promoting Family Planning Among Industrial Workers

On July 11, 1987 when the world population

crossed the five billion mark, the Population

Foundation of India initiated a two-year

tripartite project for far-reaching import in so far as the acceptance

of small family norm by workers in the organized sector is

concerned.

The project expected to serve as a model of cooperation between

employers, employees and institutions providing family welfare

services covering small, medium and large industrial units of

Gurgaon and Faridabad in Haryana, and Okhla in Delhi. It was

run by two voluntary agencies having considerable experience of

family welfare work. While the Family Welfare Foundation of the

Punjab, Haryana and Delhi Chambers of Commerce was entrusted

with the task of executing the project for industrial units located

at Gurgaon and Faridabad, Parivar Seva Sanstha looked after the

Okhla industrial units.

The project showed very encouraging results in generating

awareness among industrial workers and managements leading

to increased demand for family welfare services especially the

Gurgaon chapter.

Starting with the baseline survey, organization of workshops, group

meetings, preparation and maintenance of Eligible Couple Registers

(ECR), opening of counseling centres and holding of immunization

camps were the main activities. The baseline survey revealed that

out of 600 industries contacted, 572, i.e. 95.3 percent employed a

work force of less than 100. Out of a total number of 16,980

workers employed in these industrial units, 16,157, i.e. 95.15

percent were male workers and only 823 female workers. Among

the total work force, 6830 couples, i.e. 40.16 percent constituted

the target couple group.

In order to motivate the workers and the management as also the

official agencies like the ESIC and State Medical Department,

3.8 Page 28

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workshops/group meetings were organized in different industrial

zones and adjoining villages. Family welfare counseling centres

were opened with the assistance of the industries and the local

medical authorities and the ESIC. These centres provided population

education, family life education to the workers and their families

and also made available contraceptives to the target couples.

With persistent persuasion was possible to secure the involvement

on a long term basis with few industries. These industrial units

would maintain the eligible couple registers to be updated from

time to time. The immunization camps proved very popular and

in these camps children were immunized against polio, tetanus,

diphtheria, whooping cough, TB and measles. Worker motivator

training camps were organized in different industries. These worker

motivators were of great help in disseminating the message of

small family norm among the fellow workers. Apart from creating

a general climate for adoption of small family norm as a way of

life, these activities resulted in women accepting sterilization,

Cu-T and other conventional contraceptives.

“The most vital thing in India is for us to advance on the economic

and social fronts. If in our eagerness for family planning we ignore

this major aspect of economic advance, we will be building on

wholly insecure foundations. Economic and educational progress

is the only foundation on which we can have an effective progress

with regard to family planning”

Jawaharlal Nehru

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1989

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Chandigarh

A series of workshops with USAID support

were conducted for the organized sector.

The first workshop on “Family Welfare in the

Organised Sector” was held at Chandigarh on July 22, 1989, as a

collaborative effort of the Family Planning Foundation and the

PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Chandigarh. The

purpose of the workshop was to motivate the organized sector of

industry to establish employee-based, self-sustaining family welfare

services.

Addressing the workshop, Mr H.A. Barari, Governor, Haryana,

made a strong plea for converting family welfare programme into

a mass movement in order to achieve a zero rate of population

growth. He warned that if the two-child norm was not strictly

adhered to, the population of the country may increase to well

beyond 100 crores by the turn of the century, and then it might

become difficult to feed such a large population even at the present

low level of consumption, what to speak of a higher level on a par

with the advanced countries.

Calling upon the people to adopt small family norm as a way of

life, Mr Barari said that uncontrolled population growth would

result in acute unemployment, poverty and lawlessness posing a

serious threat to the socio-economic fabric of the nation. He

emphasized that limited resources of the country would not be

able to withstand the pressures generated by unprecedented rise

in population; indeed, the entire life supporting system might

collapse leading to untold misery, especially for the economically

vulnerable. Commending the good work initiated by the Family

Planning Foundation and the PHDCCI, the Governor asked them

to further intensify their efforts as much more remained to be

done in the organised sector of industry.

Mr Harish Khanna, Executive Director, Family Planning

Foundation, elaborating the pioneering role of the Foundation under

the dynamic leadership of Mr J.R.D. Tata, the doyen of Indian

industry, gave a brief account of the background of regional

workshops. He said the main objective was to sensitise the

management cadres in a fashion that they saw the problem in the

specific regional context and developed a programme strategy based

on the belief that family planning was not only in the interest of

the worker and his family, but equally in the interest of the

industrial enterprise. This aspect was highlighted in a presentation

by Mr D.K. Dey about the TISCO programme at Jamshedpur

which proved beyond doubt that family planning investment had

resulted in higher productivity, plant efficiency and reduced welfare

burden.

The Chandigarh workshop made valuable recommendations to

intensify and institutionalize family welfare activities at the plant

level.

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Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1) Similar workshops to be organized in different industrial

centers in the country so that industry at all levels

including small scale sector can participate.

(2) Formation of a working group with representatives from

industrial Associations, ESIC, Central/State Governments,

Trade Unions and worker leaders, to chalk out action

points and coordinate their implementation.

(3) Regular organization of training programmes for Managers

and worker leaders.

(4) Provision of cash incentives and monetary benefits for

acceptors.

“In a modern, democratic society,

business must realise its wider social responsibility”

Manmohan Singh

4 Pages 31-40

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4.1 Page 31

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1989

Family Welfare in Organised Sector – Bombay

The second workshop on “Family Welfare in

the Organised Sector” in the series of nine

regional workshops was held at Bombay on

September 1, 1989. It was jointly organized by

the Indian Merchant’s Chamber (IMC) and the

Family Planning Foundation.

The workshop was inaugurated by Shri Viren J. Shah, President,

the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India

(ASSOCHAM) and presided over by Shri Rohit J. Patel, President,

Indian Merchant’s Chamber (IMC). In his inaugural address, Shri

Shah stressed the need for initiating result-oriented programmes

by the industrial units for the welfare of their workers, with the

ultimate aim of enabling them to practice family planning. He

appealed to the participants to reach this message to their senior

managers.

Earlier, in his welcome address, Shri Patel exhorted the organized

sector and various voluntary agencies to extend a helping hand to

the Government in solving the population issues. Shri S.P. Godrej,

Chairman, Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Company, and Member

Governing Board of the Foundation shared with the participants

the experiences of his organization in providing family welfare

services to their workers, including various incentives offered to

them and the gains derived by the company.

The participants guided by eminent population experts deliberated

on relevant issues in syndicates and in the end developed the

outline of an effective strategy for organized in-plant family

planning services.

Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1)

To identify target groups carefully so that suitable

motivational strategies and service delivery system

can be planned.

S.P. Godrej

4.2 Page 32

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(2)

Eligible Couple Registers to be maintained and updated

annually.

(3)

Trade Union organizations to be involved at all level.

(4)

Satisfied acceptors to encourage becoming motivators.

(5)

To integrate family planning effort with other welfare

activities.

(6)

Sincere commitment from the management is

necessary.

(7)

Family planning to include as a budgetary item with

higher priority, and to be linked with human resource

development.

(8)

To identify a core of resource persons to help in

programme planning and implementation, such as

teachers, private medical practitioners, Women

Clubs, Rotary/Lions Clubs and other voluntary

bodies.

(9)

Managers of industrial units having successful family

planning programmes to share their experiences with

other industries through regular visits, with provision

for return visits from industries having little or less

experience in this field.

(10) As in the banking field, the concept of Lead Industries

(like Lead Banks) should be adopted.

(11) Large units to extend their services to the community

also. A group of industrial units located in one area,

to pool their resources for providing efficient delivery

of services.

(12) To improve, strengthen and popularize the use ESIC

services.

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1989

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Kolkata

The third workshop in the series of nine

regional workshops on “Family Welfare in

the Organised Sector” was held in Kolkata (then

Calcutta) on September 22, 1989, as a

collaborative effort of the Family Planning

Foundation and the Indian Chamber of Commerce, Kolkata. It

was inaugurated by Shri Prasanta Sur, Minister-in-Charge of

Health and Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal.

In his welcome address, Shri S.B. Budhiraja, President, Indian

Chamber of Commerce, Kolkata, underlined the urgent need to

control population growth and the need to tackle the problem on a

war footing. Shri Budhiraja called upon all sections of society to

participate in a major effort at attitudinal change among the

people. He expressed the confidence that the corporate sector could

achieve major breakthrough in this regard.

In his inaugural address, Shri Prasanta Sur, Minister-in-charge,

Health & Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal, stressed

the need to create a sense of security in the minds of couples to

ensure that every child born would have a healthy life, and this,

in turn, would contribute largely towards acceptance of small

family norm as a way of life. Shri Sur called upon the industrial

enterprises in West Bengal to improve the managerial skills in

health-care by exposing cadres to appropriate training so that

4.4 Page 34

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they could accomplish skill and understanding. He called upon

the Indian Chamber of Commerce to lend it’s expertise in the

fields of organization and management, community participation

and mobilization of cost effective technologies to ensure meaningful

programme implementation.

The highlight of the workshop was a syndicate exercise under the

guidance of Dr. K.K. Banerjee, Joint Director of Health Services,

Government of West Bengal. The other eminent experts who

participated in the workshop included Dr S.C. Chakraborty of

ESIC, and Shri D.K. Dey, Director, Family Planning, TISCO,

Jamshedpur. The industries represented in the workshop included

Bata, Duncan, Dunlop, ITC, Indian Aluminium, etc. The success

of large industrial enterprises like TISCO, ITC, Indian Tea

Association, etc. in running family welfare programme was shared

with the participants who addressed themselves through syndicate

discussion, to issues like resource mobilization and management

of practical service delivery models.

Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1) Management to be convinced of the cost benefit ratio

for its proper motivation and commitment to the cause

of family planning.

(2) Periodical training of managers, Trade Union leaders,

worker motivators, workers, medical and para-medical

staff to be made available.

(3) Evaluation of family welfare programmes to be done

from time to time.

“Family planning is not a social problem

but an economic necessity”

Bharat Ram

4.5 Page 35

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4.6 Page 36

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1989

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Chennai

The fourth workshop on “Family Welfare in the Organised

Sector” was held at Chennai (then Madras) on December 8,

1989, as a continuing exercise of the Family Planning Foundation

in collaboration with the Southern India Chamber of Commerce &

Industry, Chennai.

The workshop was inaugurated by Mrs C.K. Gariyali, IAS, Director

of Family Welfare, Government of Tamil Nadu. In her inaugural

address, Mrs Gariyali gave an insight into the functioning of

family planning programmes in Tamil Nadu. Expressing

satisfaction over the results of a National Sample Survey conducted

in December 1988, which showed that the birth rate in Tamil

Nadu had come down from 23.7 per thousand population in 1987

to 22.5, she said that they were now planning to bring it down

further to 21 per 1000 by March 1991. Mrs Gariyali urged the

industrial sector to contribute its mite to the success of the Family

Welfare Programme by reaching out to the rural masses in the

areas of their location. She suggested an “area specific approach”

so that the industries located in a particular area pool their

resources for concerted action.

Earlier, welcoming the guests, the Chamber Vice-President, Shri

S.R.M.P.L. Subramanian, said that unbridled growth in population

would erode the advances of economic growth, and in this context,

there was an urgent need to spread the message of small family

with a sense of mission.

Shri O.P. Bhasin, Programme Officer, Family Planning

Foundation gave a brief account of several tripartite projects

implemented by the Foundation and requested the S.I. Chamber

to set up a special cell for family welfare activities.

In the syndicate exercise under the guidance of Dr (Mrs) K.G.

Russia, Additional Director, Family Welfare, Govt. of Tamil Nadu

in which experts like Dr K.G. Gopal of Lucas-TVS, Dr (Mrs) S.

Janaki of ESIC, Dr (Mrs) Sulochana Unnikrishnan of UPASI,

Shri S. Suryanarayanan of Family Planning Association of India,

Madras participated and the management aspects of the programme

in the organized sector came in focus. The industries represented

in the workshop included Lucas-TVS, Ashok Leyland, Brakes India,

SPIC and Tube Investments. The experience of large industrial

enterprises like Tata Steel, BHEL and Lucas-TVS, in running

family welfare programmes was shared with the participants.

The consensus at the workshop favored recommending to the

Government to make it mandatory for large industries to appoint

Family Welfare Officers and in the case of smaller units assign

family welfare work to Labor Welfare Officers.

Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1) Motivation to start from the top management.

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(2) Tie up between the industry, Government, and a

voluntary organization is necessary for mutually

beneficial results.

(3) A Mother’s Club may be formed, with each member

assuming responsibility for welfare of a specific number

of families.

(4) Employees to be grouped as different Houses, competing

with one another in various family welfare activities

with the ‘best’ House getting an award. Group awards

are considered better than the individual awards.

(5) Regular training programmes to be organized for

managers and other functionaries.

(6) Establishment of clinics to be made a statutory

requirement, for taking care of family as a unit.

(7) Latest audio visual aids and motivational literature to

be shared with the workers on a regular basis.

(8) Industrial units located in the same area to set up

jointly a comprehensive health and family welfare

centre whose services can be utilized by the constituent

members.

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1989

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Patna

The host Chamber for the Workshop held on 29 December

1989 at Patna was the Bihar Chamber of Commerce. Bihar

was one of those States of India where health and family planning

parameters are unfavourable. Bihar’s population was 86.3 million

spread over a total land area of 0.17 million sq.kms. It had a

work force of 1.67 million in the organized sector. With higher

birth rate (37.3), less literacy rate (38.54) and average annual

exponential growth rate of 2.11 (1981-91), Bihar presents a

formidable challenge for addressing population growth in general

and in the organized sector in particular.

was maintained in the three groups of Syndicate Sessions where

58 participants had been provided in advance with lead points for

making the discussions meaningful and relevant to the subject.

The recommendations of the group leaders were taken note of.

The State Government took keen interest in deliberations of the

Workshop. The local office of UNICEF provided materials on the

State of Children’s Health in Bihar, bringing out the basic issue of

child and mother care as an important component of the total

family welfare strategy.

The workshop was inaugurated by Mr S R Adige, the State Health

Commissioner and Secretary, Department of Health. In his

inaugural address, Mr. Adige made suggestions for family welfare

programme for workers to a point of fruition. Mr P K Agrawal,

the Chamber’s Vice-President laid stressed on the responsibility of

the organized sector which employs about 26 million workers to

contribute to the national effort to address population growth.

Local academic and professional institutions like L N Mishra

Institute of Economic Development and Social Changes, A N Sinha

Institute of Social Studies, Family Planning Association of India

and the Employees State Insurance Corporation provided high

level participation in the Workshop’s Business Session. This level

4.9 Page 39

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Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1) In education sector, there is a slogan that “each one,

teach one”. A similar slogan “each one, reach one”

should be adopted for conveying message of family

welfare on one-to-one basis.

(2) Welfare activities of voluntary agencies to be

coordinated so that effective family welfare facilities

became available.

(3) Female literacy levels to increase through adult literacy

programmes.

(4) To integrate family welfare with maternal and child

health.

“Let Industry established in the countryside adopt the

villages in the neighbourhood. . . In the interest of the

industry that surrounding areas should be healthy,

prosperous and peaceful”

J.R.D. Tata

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5 Pages 41-50

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5.1 Page 41

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1990

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Bangalore

Federation of Karnataka Chambers of

Commerce & Industry organized the workshop

on 19 January 1990 at Bangalore which had

a population of 44.8 million with a total land

area of 0.2 million sq. kms including 1.4

million work force in the organized sector.

Federation of Karnataka Chambers of Commerce and Industry

(FKCCI) geared itself to make the workshop for 48 participants a

meaningful exercise, particularly, because FKCCI had completed

in 1988-89 a one-year family welfare project for industrial workers

in two prominent areas of Bangalore with a worker population of

36,000. The workshop was inaugurated by Dr C P Kumar,

Additional Director (FW & MCH) of Government of Karnataka,

who emphasized the need for the involvement of industrial

establishments in the promotion of family planning among their

workers. He exhorted the industry and voluntary organizations

to pool their efforts in the dissemination of information of family

welfare, creation of awareness and in the generation of demand of

family welfare services. The FKCCI was represented by high-

powered delegation headed by its President, Mr M K Panduranga

Setty.

The workshop’s distinctive features included in having Dr P H

Reddy, Director, Population Centre, Bangalore. Speakers of the

Business Session made their contributions in a cohesive and

forthright manner. An informed and lively question-answer session

followed these presentations which provided a useful background

for the four Syndicate Sessions, each headed by an expert, who

had been given in advance broad outline of ideas and suggestions.

Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1) Eligible couples to be classified according to age, marital

status and duration, number of living children by sex,

attitudes towards female child, adoption of family planning

methods, if any, etc.

(2) Management to be informed of tax benefits that accrue on

the expenditure incurred on family welfare.

(3) Resource mobilization to concentrate under three headings,

namely, man-power, money and materials.

(4) Funds available with the Labour Welfare Board of the State

Government to be utilized for family welfare activities in the

organized sector.

(5) IEC materials to be made available in the clinics or in the

Doctor’s room within the enterprise.

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1990

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Kanpur

Upper India Chamber of Commerce was the collaborative

Chamber for the workshop held on 30 March 1990 at Kanpur

in Uttar Pradesh, the largest State in the country, not only

population-wise but also in area. With a work force of 2.65 million

then, in the organized sector, U.P. had an uphill task in providing

effective family welfare programmes for the industrial worker.

At the inaugural session Mr Anand Prakash, Chamber’s President

along with Dr (Mrs) Hemlata Swaroop, former Vice-Chancellor of

Kanpur University were present and the workshop was

inaugurated by Mr D N Dikshit, Ex-Chairman and Managing

Director of British India Corporation Limited, Kanpur. The

workshop was able to have support from other Institutions like

the Employer’s Association of India (Northern Region). A good

number of women also participated in the workshop. For the first

time, Trade Union leadership of Kanpur was associated with the

workshop. Mr Jamna Prasad Dixit, a renowned Trade Unionist,

presided over the valedictory session.

Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1) Young marriageable workers should also be included in the

target groups as the prospective “eligible couples”.

(2) The management, the Unions, the Government Agencies

and the workers should all act unitedly in order to ensure

optimum utilization of the facilities resulting in effective

family welfare coverage for the workers.

(3) Industries like the Carpet industry in Mirzapur in Uttar

Pradesh, engage workers on jobs in their own houses who

are not per se employees of the industry. Even then, family

welfare coverage should be extended to them .

(4) To ensure uninterrupted supplies of contraceptives etc. from

the ESIC to industrial units should be monitored by some

nodal agency.

(5) Brick-kiln workers should also be covered for family welfare

services by the ESIC or any other voluntary body on an

institutional basis.

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1990

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Ahmedabad

G ujarat Chamber of Commerce &

Industry organized the workshop on 25

September 1990 at Ahmedabad in Gujarat which

had a population of 41 million then and land

area of 0.2 million sq.kms. Gujarat’s work force

in the organized sector stood at 1.6 million in 1989.

The workshop was inaugurated by Mr K V Bhanujan, Secretary,

Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Gujarat.

The Chamber’s President, Mr Jagdish S Jhaveri along with other

senior office bearers of the Chamber participated in the inaugural

session. 84 industries were represented at the inaugural session.

The business session was chaired by Prof J K Satia of Indian

Institute of Management and Mrs Netra Shenoy, Secretary, State

Family Welfare Department as Co-Chairperson. The four groups

in the Syndicate Session were also headed by eminent experts

from Gandhi Labour Institute and from Government of Gujarat.

The workshop at Ahmedabad had distinguished itself for a number

of reasons. Gujarat Chamber had organized such a programme

for the first time. Again, for the first time, the Chamber publicly

accepted family welfare for the workers as one of its important

activities, marking its entry in the social field as against the

industrial and commercial areas, hitherto covered by it. Besides,

for the first time, senior and eminent Trade Union Leaders were

invited as full-fledged participants in the Workshop.

Highlights of the Syndicate Session were:

(1) Trade Unions can play a positive and effective role to motivate

workers to adopt family planning measures. They should be

associated with all family planning programmes aimed at

the industrial workers.

(2) Worker’s reactions to adoption of family planning measures

are generally determined by their level of education. Literacy

campaigns for adults should, therefore, be concentrated among

the worker’s colonies so that even females get covered.

(3) IEC activity should lay stress on local and regional forms of

entertainment like musical duets, folk songs, puppet shows

etc., to meet the special requirements of labour engaged for

regional crops like Groundnut, Cotton etc.

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1990

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Bhopal

Unlike most other places, the host organization at Bhopal was

Federation of M.P. Chambers of Commerce and Industry of the

State of Madhya Pradesh, instead of a single Chamber. As a

result, Industry Associations of the entire State, which was one of

the four backward states in the sphere of family planning, found a

forum for collective thinking. The state had a population of over

66 million occupying land area of 0.45 million sq.kms and a work

force of 1.6 million in the organized sector.

The State Government was represented by three Cabinet Ministers

who took part in the workshop held on 20 January 1991 at Bhopal.

This was an indication of State Government’s concern. Mr Laxmi

Narayan Sharma, State Minister of Cooperation inaugurated the

workshop. Two other Ministers who addressed the participants

were the State Labour Minister, Mr Leela Ram Bhojwani and the

State Health Minister, Dr Rajendra Prakash Singh. Mr Ranjit

Vithaldas, Joint President of the Federation also participated in

the inaugural function.

The 43 participants profited from the key-note address delivered

by Mrs Avabai B Wadia, who, besides being a member of the

Foundation’s Governing Board and President of Family Planning

Association of India, was past President of International Planned

Parenthood Federation (IPPF). In her address, Mrs Wadia dispelled

the common notion that family planning was a negative measure

of “stopping children”. She added that instead, “it is a positive

one, of promoting the birth of children by choice and not by

chance.”

Highlights of the Syndicate Sessions were:

(1) Large industries in the public as well as in the private sector

to make family welfare infrastructure available to ancillary

and other industries located in the neighborhood.

(2) Counseling should also include motivating the workers for

raising the age of marriage at least up to 18 years for girls

and 21 years for boys.

(3) Eligible couples should be encouraged to follow spacing

methods up to the birth of second child, and thereafter to go

in for terminal methods.

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5.6 Page 46

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1991

Family Planning in Organised Sector – Search for New Strategies

A day long National Symposium was held under the auspices

of the Family Planning Foundation in New Delhi on March

26, 1991 as a quest for new strategies to give a boost to family

welfare programmes in the organized sector. Prominent persons

which included leaders of industry, representatives of Chambers

of Commerce and Industry, trade unions, management experts,

public health specialists, international agencies, activists working

in the field, worker-educators, senior government officials and

others associated with the movement, made a lively contribution

to the deliberations of the symposium which resulted in drawing

the outlines of a plan of action concerning different agencies.

Introducing the symposium theme, the Executive Director of the

Foundation, Mr Harish Khanna, pointed out that the country was

at a crucial juncture in terms of population planning since a great

deal of anxiety about the slow reduction of fertility and birth rate

had come to the surface and old strategies were being questioned.

He said 225 million Indians were members of the massive labour

force, 60 to 80 percent of which were in the reproductive age

group. Their acceptance or rejection of the small family norm was

of great concern to the country as a whole. Mr Khanna explained

that the Foundation funded demonstration projects, together with

regional workshops and pilot training programmes as a part of

the USAID/Enterprise Programme. This had led to the final stage

of holding the National Symposium which was intended to come

up with an Agenda for Action for the Foundation and other

concerned agencies in the organized sector. He said that one of the

vital aspects of the Symposium would be sharing of experience of

different industrial enterprises which had done well in family

planning, so that lessons could be learnt for better implementation

of the programme as a whole.

Mr J.R.D. Tata, Chairman, Governing Board of Family Planning

Foundation, who was to inaugurate the Symposium could not be

present in person. However, his inaugural speech which was

circulated made some very significant points on the subject. Mr

Tata described population as the core problem hindering the social

and economic progress in India. He said, “If India’s prosperity has

to be ensured, for which we have the basic wherewithal of skilled

manpower, natural resources, technology, etc. ways and means

can surely be found without any loss of time to give stability to

the family as well as the country’s population problem. Without

that our dreams might disappear in the quick sands of recurrent

social and economic crisis”. Continuing, Mr Tata said that there

was a growing realization that to ensure success of the national

family welfare programme, an approach aimed at specific groups

replacing the omnibus and global approach hitherto must be

followed. One of the most important groups was the work force

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5.8 Page 48

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employed in the organized sector. Mr Tata reminded that the

labour force constituted as much as 11 percent of the national

population and so it was necessary to sensitize on the implications

of the high fertility rate in India. He said that there were a large

number of family planning programmes of varying descriptions

and magnitude operating in the industrial field. But somehow,

many of these lacked direction and cohesion. The health

programmes often did not comprehend family welfare as an

essential part.

Mr Tata said support to family welfare must be seen as a vital

factor for steady improvement in productivity, which was

intimately linked to the improved health and happiness of the

workers, the economic stability of the family and freedom from

the burden of anxiety to which the head of an overpopulated

household was subjected. There was sufficient evidence to prove

that investment in health and family welfare yielded rich dividends

in terms of collective success and financial gains to a company. In

the context of the proven facts, Mr Tata wondered why this useful

programme had not acquired the desired momentum or forward

thrust. He urged the participants of the Symposium to probe into

this question.

Mr Tata said that in his opinion, the problem had to be tackled

through a culture of understanding people’s aspirations, and

cooperation amongst all sections, the management, the workers,

the trade unions and other agencies working in the field. He said

apathy and cynicism should be avoided, howsoever, formidable the

task might be, so that family welfare programmes in the organized

sector was infused with the sense of a new dynamism.

The key note address was delivered by the Federation Vice-

Chairman, Dr Bharat Ram who at the very outset eulogized Mr

Tata’s pioneering role and his sustained endeavour to promote

family planning in the country. Dr Bharat Ram highlighted the

fact that even after 50 years, family planning had not been accepted

as a national responsibility by the organized sector as a whole.

While larger industrial enterprises could have independent plans

of action and have the ability to implement them, one had to find

ways and means of involving medium and small enterprises to

effectively contribute to the programme. He said it was imperative

that the government, the Family Planning Foundation and

representatives of small industries got together to work out some

practical strategies. Dr Bharat Ram laid emphasis on the

involvement of organized labour unions. He added that family

planning should be made one of the important functions of the

ESIC.

Mr A. Majumdar, President of ASSOCHAM, expressed the view

that family planning activities should be more broad based to

include education for women and youth, creation of employment

opportunities, improvement of sanitation and water supply etc.

Such activities would have a strong bearing on the health and

family welfare programme as a whole leading to desired behavioral

changes. He said ad hoc approaches should be avoided and strong

linkages with like-minded voluntary agencies should be worked

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5.10 Page 50

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out to secure larger impact.

Commenting on the specific steps to be followed by the organized

sector, Mr Majumdar said there must be systematic planning and

coordination among various facets of the programme. The

participation should be broad based, drawing into its fold workers

at all levels, and family planning should get priority in corporate

budget. Mr S.S. Kanwar, President, PHDC, said family welfare

should be made an integral part of corporate planning and

managements should nominate a senior officer as a focal point in

each unit. There should be annual budget, target setting and

evaluation. He suggested that small and medium enterprises could

form family welfare cooperatives and set up advisory cells within

their organization for general guidance and counseling. Chambers

of Commerce should open special cells to help medium and small

industries. He also advocated involvement of union leaders in all

group activities.

Mr Prem Pandhi, Director Emeritus, International Management

Institute, wondered why the industry was shy of larger efforts,

knowing fully well that the benefits of a successful family planning

programme are extremely rewarding. Dr D.L. Khanna, Chief,

Labour and Population Team for Asia and the Pacific of the

International Labour Organisation, Bangkok discussed at length

the issues and possibilities of family welfare in the organized

sector. He pleaded that family planning in the organized sector

must be put in a good package of labour welfare beyond legal

requirements as, otherwise, family planning would remain a

routine, indifferent activity, yielding lackadaisical results. Mr

Khanna laid great emphasis on the quality of services as an

essential pre-condition for the success of the programme. He said

the scheme of incentives which is generally restricted to some

cash payments in India should be suitably modified to include a

package of benefits which could ensure acceptance of the small

family norm. There was a brief but general discussion on incentives

following Mr Khanna’s presentation. The participants generally

favoured a close hard look at the present system of incentives.

Dr J.K. Satia, Professor, Indian Institute of Management,

Ahmedabad presenting his position paper on status of family welfare

in the organized sector advocated development of programmes on

the basis of work setting and income levels to achieve maximum

results in 5-6 years, both in the organized and unorganized sectors.

Dr Saroj Pachauri, Programme Officer, the Ford Foundation,

suggested the setting up of intermediary organizations for specific

groups. These organizations could cover a large number of small

voluntary agencies to provide back-up support to a cluster of

voluntary agencies which on their own would not have the resources

to undertake a specific programme. Mr Vikram Diesh, a youth

activist, emphasized that concentration on youth was absolutely

essential to generate a powerful popular movement. He urged that

all activists in the field of family planning, whether official or

unofficial, should address the youth of the country to bring about

the desired behavioural changes.

Begum Bilkees Latif, Member, Governing Board, the Family

6 Pages 51-60

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6.1 Page 51

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Planning Foundation speaking from her own experience of field

work, said she felt convinced that concentrated work among the

youth would yield lasting results. Mr Jalaluddin Ahmed, Advisor,

Labour and Population, I.L.O., New Delhi, explaining the rationale

of industry-promoted family welfare programme, cited instances

from various countries of the world to show that family welfare

programmes lead to all round improvement in the productivity.

He, therefore, pleaded that industry must accept family welfare as

a mandatory activity.

Chairing the afternoon session, Dr Harcharan Singh, Consultant,

WHO, Nepal, emphasized that what was needed was concrete

plans of action based on effective strategies so that the best results

could be achieved in the quickest possible time. Towards this end,

he urged upon the participants to get down to the task of

identification of effective strategies to be followed by the organized

sector. Dr B. Dayal from ESIC described at length the facilities

and services offered by the ESIC in furthering the cause of family

welfare among industrial workers.

Dr S.C. Bhatia, Director, Department of Adult/Continuing

Education & Extension, Delhi University, advocated that IEC

planning should start from local level extending upwards so that

IEC activities become meaningful to small target groups. Supporting

this approach Mrs Tara Sinha, Advertising Specialist, said the

work of IEC personnel should be geared to local conditions. Dr

Somnath Roy, former Director, National Institute of Health &

Family Welfare, advocated mobilization of youth forces to bring

about the desired social changes. While Mrs Rami Chhabra pleaded

for a judicious mix of mass media and local communication

activities, Dr Shanti Ghosh laid emphasis on the choice of local

media and the local idiom for effective communication with the

masses.

The experiences gathered by several successful units and agencies

were also presented at the symposium. Presenting the highly

successful family welfare programme carried out by ESCORTS

Ltd., Dr M.L. Gupta pointed out that their programme had reached

a level where there was a spontaneous demand for services not

only from the employees and their families but also from people in

the peripheral areas.

Mr D.K. Dey presenting the family planning programme of TISCO,

Jamshedpur, observed that integrated social development

programmes were the key to the success of family planning. Dr

Sulochana Nair presented the success story of UPASI (United

Planters Association of Southern India) highlighting innovative

schemes and approaches. She said wherever health and family

welfare programme could be adapted to local conditions, the results

were invariably better. Mrs Sudha Tiwari, Managing Director,

Parivar Seva Sanstha, recalling her experience of the Foundation

sponsored project at Okhla (Delhi), endorsed the view that family

planning had a chance to succeed, only as part of a total welfare

package in tune with area specific approaches.

Mr O.P. Bhasin, Programme Officer, Family Planning Foundation,

elaborating on the demonstration projects of the Foundation

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Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prof. J.C. Kavoori, Mr. J.R.D. Tata

6.3 Page 53

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observed that unless employers and managers in industries were

convinced of the significance of their role, full support from them

might not be forthcoming. He also advocated a cluster approach

for medium and small industries. Dr Don F. Pugliese, the South- 3)

East Asia Director of the Enterprise Programme, explained the

wide range of activities of their programme funded by USAID

which was operating in 30 countries through 85 projects, six of

them being in India.

The role and attitudes of trade unions in relation to family planning

was presented by Prof. J.S. Sodhi of Shri Ram Centre for Industrial

Relations and Human Resources while Mr Jamuna Prasad Dixit,

a senior labour leader from Kanpur pleaded that unless trade

unions were taken into confidence by the management, a truly

harmonious programme could be built up. In the discussion that

ensued on identification of effective strategies to be followed by the 5)

organized sector, Dr J.P. Gupta, Director, NIHFW, Dr N. Hamsa

of the All India Organisation of Employers, Dr Devendra Kothari

of the Society for Indian Institute of Health Management Research,

Jaipur and Prof. M.K. Premi of the Indian Association for the

Study of Population, made significant contributions.

Agenda for Action was:

There should be a sense of involvement at all levels of

management as also free and frank participation by

employers, employees, their families and labour leaders.

Family planning should be promoted as a package of larger 6)

labour welfare programmes and could even be extended to

peripheral areas and communities particularly those from

which most of the workers came.

Motivation effort must be backed not only by good and

adequate services but also by literacy and health

programmes.

Each Chamber of Commerce should establish a special

Family Welfare cell under a senior official to coordinate

and monitor family welfare activities among its constituent

members and also advise and guide medium and small

industries. The Chambers should further help develop

policies and strategies to suit specific needs of different

establishments.

Family planning should get appropriate priority in the

budget and planning of big industrial establishments who

should build cooperative linkages with like-minded

voluntary agencies. They should nominate a senior person

to act as focal point in each unit, involve trade union

leaders in designing and implementing their activities,

undertake welfare schemes to include education for women

and youth, creation of employment opportunities,

improvement of sanitation and water supply etc. They

should also offer their expertise to the smaller industries

in their areas.

Medium and small industries who cannot have an

independent set up, should establish family welfare

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cooperatives pooling their resources. Each industry may

set up an Advisory Cell within the unit to coordinate its

activities with the Chamber of Commerce, the proposed

cooperatives and voluntary agencies operating in the area.

Industries should build up strong linkages with voluntary

agencies who could network among themselves in a

particular area and coordinate their activities.

Youth should be fully involved in carrying out industry

sponsored welfare programmes in the field.

Special efforts need to be mounted to build up bridges of

trust and confidence between trade union leaders and

managements to further the cause of family welfare among

workers.

neighbourhood settings for developing appropriate IEC

10) Urban slums contributing a large chunk of labour force

approaches and choosing affective techniques.

need special attention of the industry in so far as provision 12)

of health, family welfare and MCH services are concerned.

Incentives should be woven into wider labour welfare

schemes. Till new incentive schemes are formulated, care

11) Each big industrial unit should undertake socio-logical

should be taken to give incentives to the right people at

analysis of work settings, family settings and

right places.

“Population stabilization policies cannot be designed in

isolation and that they have to be integrated into the

framework of social and economic development

strategies and programmes . . .”

Manmohan Singh

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1991

How to involve Trade Unions in Family Planning?

In view of the enormous potential of Trade Unions towards

furthering the cause of family planning among industrial

workers, the Family Planning Foundation had sponsored

comprehensive studies of family planning attitudes and practices

of trade union leaders in Kerala, Mahatrashtra, Gujarat and West

Bengal. In fact, these studies were an offshoot of an earlier study

of Sahibabad-Meerut Road industrial area of Ghaziabad district of

U.P. which though of exploratory nature, underlined the need for

more and bigger studies of this kind in order to secure meaningful

involvement of trade union leaders who hold the key to tap this

vast potential of workers in so far as family welfare activity is

concerned.

These studies were conducted by Shri Ram Centre for Industrial

Relations & Human Resources, New Delhi. Prof. J.S. Sodhi of the

Shri Ram Centre had completed the Ernakulam study in Kerala.

The study in Ernakulam followed a multi-stage random sampling

method. The data was collected with the help of a specially-designed

questionnaire which had modules on such aspects as philosophy,

attitudes, knowledge, availability, adoption and other related

activities of the unions. 104 union leaders were interviewed. The

Ghaziabad study too followed a methodology similar to that of

Kerala interviewing in all 100 union leaders but the issues studied

were fewer. Prof. J.S. Sodhi had compared, where possible, the

results of this study with those of the Ghaziabad study in his

report. Some of the important conclusions from the report were–

• Every Union leader in Ernakulam as well as in Ghaziabad

was understandably aware of at least one method of family

planning.

• The proportion of Union leaders presently adopting family

planning methods in Ernakulam was much higher than

their counterparts in Ghaziabad (69 and 42 percent,

respectively). In Ghaziabad therefore, the higher knowledge

about family planning methods was not put to use in-so-

far as adoption in their own life was concerned. 80 percent

of the Union leaders in Ghaziabad compared to 19 percent

in Ernakulam perceived abortion as bad.

• In Ernakulam, most of the Union leaders felt that their

Union has a positive role in promoting family planning

among the workers. In Ghaziabad, however, only 55 percent

of the Union leaders have stated that their Union has a

positive role in promoting family planning among the

workers.

• The union leaders in Ernakulam were very clear that

limiting the number of children or resorting to birth control

is clearly neither against nature nor a sin. About three-

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fourth of the leaders did not feel that abortion itself was a

sin.

• Almost all the Union leaders in Ernakulam were in

agreement that family planning is the most effective way

of checking the fast-growing population. However, as to

whether family planning is the pivot of all social and

economic planning, about one-fifths disagreed.

• Most of the respondents in Ernakulam were in agreement

over the fact that family planning methods should be used

by married couples. Four-fifth of the Union leaders in

Ernakulam opined that two children were ideal for a happy

family. In Ghaziabad much lesser proportion of Union

leaders (50%) stated two children as being ideal for a

married couple. About four-fifth of the Union leaders in

both the study areas opined that the interval between the

birth of two children should be more than two years.

• Trade Unions as voluntary bodies, in whom the workers

repose their faith, were in a very advantageous position to

help workers in taking up the family planning activities.

• The concern about family planning and actions of the

Unions in promoting it would, to a great extent, depend

upon the philosophy and attitude the union leaders have

on this point.

• The Union leaders had a clear-cut positive philosophy on

family planning as per their senior level leaders. However,

its percolation down to the plant level leaders did not seem

to have had taken place in a very systematic manner

mainly due to the fact that the philosophy had neither

been formally communicated nor ever vocalized by the top

leadership. In Ghaziabad, half of the Union leaders

interviewed, felt that their Unions had no role in the

promotion of family planning among workers, which was

not the case in Ernakulam.

• Generally, the Unions, on their own, had furthered in the

interests of the workers vis-à-vis their service matters

and employer-employee relations. But many a time, they

had also responded to the issues on which the workers

had strongly pressed the unions. That is why in the

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Ghaziabad study, one of the reasons for not taking up

family planning activities by the plant level leaders was

the indifference of the workers themselves.

• Much depended upon the acceptance of the utility of family

planning and its adoption by the plant level union leaders

themselves. The results of the two studies showed that

the leaders’ knowledge was high and their opinions positive

but in terms of acceptance of family planning, the level

was high in Ernakulam but low in Ghaziabad.

• In Ernakulam, 31 percent of the Union leaders compared

to 5 percent in Ghaziabad had put forward family planning

in their charter of demands. The data significantly

highlight the fact that family planning is not an important

issue while submitting such charter of demands to the

management.

• Family Planning matters were not, by and large, included

in the charters of demands, it both the study areas. The

main reasons for not doing so were lack of clarity of the

philosophy of family planning on the part of the plant

level union leaders in Ghaziabad and workers’ awareness

of the same in the case of Ernakulam.

• The unions and the Government were not working together

for achieving the objectives of family planning. The plant

level leaders suggested that the government should seek

participation of the unions in the formulation as well as

implementation of programmes related to family planning.

• Training of workers was an important activity which could

be delegated to the unions who would do well to undertake

special educational programmes for their workers.

• Although then the Unions’ involvement in the family

planning issue was rather low, there was urgent need for

managements, trade unions and the government to join

hands so that the latent source of strength (the unions)

could be fully tapped for the family planning endeavors.

“Women are not to be seen as object of population policies

but as active agents of change”

Digvijay Singh

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1992

Training Workshops for Industrial Managers to Promote Family Planning

After having created a lot of awareness and enthusiasm among

the managerial cadres in the organized sector for furtherance

of family planning activities in the industrial workers through its

nine workshops held at Calcutta, Patna, Bombay, Ahmedabad,

Kanpur, Chandigarh, Madras, Bangalore and Bhopal over a period

of two years starting in March 1989 and culminating into a

National Symposium in Delhi in March 1991, the Family Planning

Foundation embarked upon the second phase of this research-

cum-social action project. In order to translate the aims of the

workshops into positive action, the Foundation had designed special

training courses for industrial managers to ensure effective

management of family planning efforts. The first of these two-day

training workshops was held at the Foundations headquarters in

New Delhi on 25-26 February 1992 and the second was held at the

Management Development Institute at Gurgaon on 13-14March

1992.

Inaugurating the Delhi Workshop, Dr Bharat Ram, Vice-

Chairman, Governing Board of Family Planning Foundation, said

that the Government, it seemed, was at last veering round to

formulating a meaningful response to the challenge of population.

“India is adopting an absolute new economic order and this places

Indian industry at the heart of the nation building programmes”,

he observed. He felt that there would be no difficulty in bringing

the industry into assisting the national family planning programme

in a much more meaningful way because it enabled the employer

to give expression to his time-tested instinct of philanthropy and

social service. Dwelling on the role of managers in the family

planning programme, he said that the new economic environment

was quite on the cards and that the organized sector would play a

much more significant and participative role in a wide range of

activities including such fields as national reconstruction and social

mobilization. Earlier, in a special message Mr J.R.D. Tata,

Chairman, Governing Board of Family Planning Foundation, too

had echoed this view when he said that organized sector was

clearly in a position to reshape the ultimate population profile of

the country.

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Mr Jalaluddin Ahmed, Advisor, Labour and Population in the ILO

Office, New Delhi, who also spoke at the inaugural function,

highlighted the role of International Labour Organisation in the

South-East Asian and Pacific Region, particularly with reference

to population. Mr Harish Khanna, Executive Director of the

Foundation spelt out the role of the organization in firstly to

sensitizing the managers and professional industrial cadres to the

need of family planning, and secondly undertaking to provide

necessary motivation and skills to the industrial managers to be

able to direct family planning programmes in and around their

factories by providing on-plant facilities as well as through a

“cluster” approach. As many as 21 managers responded to the

invitation of the Family Planning Foundation, assisted by the

PHD Chambers of Commerce and Industry. (PHDCCI) Prominent

participating industries included Kelvinator of India, Dabur India,

Escorts Ltd., Hindustan Insulations, Delhi Milk Scheme and

Saraswati Sugar Mills, Yamunanagar.

At the Gurgaon workshop, in the inaugural speech, Mr Jagdish

Anand of Anand Group of Industries called upon the Managers to

bring more and more workers into the fold of family planning. He

was of the view that family planning was very cost effective even

for industry and the captains of industry should follow the lead

given by Mr J R D Tata in this matter. Earlier, Mr Harish

Khanna, Executive Director, Family Planning Foundation, said

that organized industry represented a very active and dynamic

segment of society and if family planning was accepted among the

industrial workers in this segment, then, it would have a lot of

multiplier effect in the community.

In her keynote address, Mrs Nina Puri, President, Family Planning

Association of India, explained how with their own example they

were able to motivate workers in the Sugar industry in

Yamunanagar. She asked that if Indonesia could reduce the parity

from above 5 children to around 3 children in a matter of 15

years, then why could we not do the same in India? Mr P.K.

Mahapatra, Deputy Commissioner, Gurgaon, who made the

valedictory commended the message of family planning for the

workers in the organized sector. Mr Mahapatra also distributed

certificates on behalf of the Family Planning Foundation to the

participants. Representing among others were industries like

Purolator India, Maruti Udyog, IDPL, Bajaj Motors, Gabriel India,

Milkfood Limited.

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1992

Regional Workshop at Hyderabad on Family Welfare in Organised Sector

As part of its on-going programme to secure

active involvement of employers and

managers in Indian Industry for promoting

in-plant family welfare activities, the Family

Planning Foundation in collaboration with the Federation of Andhra

Pradesh Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FAPCCI) organized

a workshop at Hyderabad on March 26, 1992.

Inaugurating the workshop, Mr K. Rosaiah, Minister for Medical

and Health, Andhra Pradesh, urged industrial and business houses

to supplement the efforts of the state government in the field of

family welfare. The Minister said that family planning brought

more benefits to the people at less cost than any other single

“technology”. It saved the lives of many women who were vulnerable

to pregnancy-related problems, besides several million children

annually. In his welcome address, Mr A. Krishna Murti, President,

FAPCCI, called upon the Chief Executives and the employers of

industries to take up family planning as one of their corporate

goals.

In her remarks, Begum Bilkees Latif, Member, Governing Board

of Family Planning Foundation and Chairperson, Andhra Pradesh

State Social Welfare Advisory Board, called for coordinated and

concerted efforts on the part of the government and the people in

addressing population issues. She laid stress on linkage of social

welfare programmes with the family welfare activities at the grass

root level.

In a special message, Mr J.R.D. Tata, Chairman, Governing Board

of Family Planning Foundation, urged all companies, large and

small, to support the activities organized by Chambers of

Commerce and Industry in collaboration with the Family Planning

Foundation, as a starting point of a mass movement to stabilize

population.

“I would strongly urge my brethren

in politics, industry, business and

other fields to forget personal biases

at least on the issue of population . . . .

and work hand in hand to enter into a

strong commitment to fight poverty

and backwardness by ensuring

health and education for all. ”

Bharat Ram

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1992

Workshop on Family Welfare in Organised Sector – Jaipur, Rajasthan

Chambers of Commerce & Industry

A workshop on “Family Welfare in the

Organised Sector” was held at Jaipur on

September 19, 1992 as a collaborative venture

of the Family Planning Foundation and the

Rajasthan Chamber of Commerce and Industry

(RCCI). The programme was attended by more

than 100 representatives from industries, trade unions, non-

governmental organizations, medical and health departments of

the Rajasthan government.

Inaugurating the workshop, Shri Lalit Kishore Chaturvedi,

Minister of Health, Government of Rajasthan, regretted that

Rajasthan was a “sick” state from the population point of view and

there were many social problems in the state, viz. poverty, child

marriage, low literacy rate, low status of women which required

to be tackled on priority basis by all – government as well as non-

governmental organizations. Stressing the need to involve

industrial workers, managers and union leaders in family welfare

programme, he expressed the hope that the workshop would come

up with practical guidelines for successful implementation of the

family welfare programme in the industrial sector.

In his presidential address, Dr Rameshwar Sharma, Vice-

Chancellor, University of Rajasthan, stated that if the family

welfare programme could be integrated with labour welfare

programme it will not only achieve enlightened results in the

sphere of population control but also increase the productivity of

the workers.

Welcoming the guests and participants, Shri K.L. Jain, Honorary

Secretary General, Rajasthan Chamber of Commerce and Industry

revealed that in a recent meeting chaired by the Union Labour

Minister for the formulation of a new Industrial Relations Act,

RCCI had suggested the introduction of a provision for the total

welfare of the industrial workers including family welfare which

would bring a sea-change in the commitment of the industrial

organization and trade unions in so far as the promotion of family

welfare among the workers was concerned.

Trade Unions hold the key to promoting family planning

among workers

Although in the Indian context promotion of small family norm

among industrial workers and striving for their economic and

social betterment were almost co-terminus, yet promotion of family

planning received a very low priority in the activities of trade

unions. Demand for family planning services hardly found a place

in the charter of workers demand that were put up to the

managements or the government by the trade unions from time to

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time. The managements of the companies, too, do not show much

enthusiasm towards family planning activities among their workers

although it had been demonstrated beyond a shadow of doubt that

any expenditure or effort on this account would be more than

compensated by increased productivity through less absenteeism

and a more contented labour force.

Under these circumstances, an important research study sponsored

and funded by the Family Planning Foundation was conducted by

Shri Ram Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources,

New Delhi with Prof J.S. Sodhi as Project Director. The study

was titled “Attitudes and Activities of Trade Union Leaders and

Company Management towards Adoption of Family Planning by

Workers”, addressed itself to the philosophy, attitude and activities

of the trade unions in this field. The areas selected represented

two comparatively old – Ahmedabad (Gujarat state) and Calcutta

(West Bengal State) and two relatively new – Pune (Maharashtra

State) and Kalamsery (Kerala State) – industrial belts. The total

sample size of respondent Union Leaders was 380, the break-up

being Ahmedabad 100, Calcutta 101, Pune 76 and Kalamassery

103. These trade union leaders belonged to 76 different companies

out of which only 51 responded. Two separate questionnaires were

devised: one for the trade union leaders and the other for the

management of companies. Some of the important findings and

conclusions of this research study were as follows –

• Contraceptive supplies were arranged by 30 percent of the

companies, incentives (though inadequate in many cases)

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were provided by 66 percent of them and 40 percent had

taken up family planning education of workers.

• Family planning demands were put up in the charter by a

few unions and that too not uniformly in all the four

study areas. It implied that family planning neither formed

the core nor the periphery interest area of the unions.

• About 20 percent of the union leaders wanted the enact-

ment of a law making it mandatory for the managements

to provide family welfare facilities to their workers.

• The unions did not approach the government for helping

them in taking up family planning activities mainly due

to their indifference and wrong perceptions.

• Union leaders’ adoption of family planning methods was

high, their adoption rate being much higher than the all-

India average. More leaders had opted for permanent meth-

ods of family planning in all the four areas, tubectomy

being the most favoured. General education and income of

the leaders had made a positive contribution towards the

adoption of family planning by the leaders.

• Although the attitude of union leaders was positive to-

wards family planning yet adverse effects of the tempo-

rary methods of family planning, abortion (considered as a

sin by some of the union leaders) followed by family plan-

ning were unresolved issues. This underlined the need for

a long term strategy to educate and train union leaders.

• The unions had neither taken up the provision of incen-

tives directly nor had approached the management or the

government for help in this regard. It was mainly due to

the opinion – though contrary to the actual experience – of

union leaders that payment of incentives would in no way

accelerate the adoption of family planning methods.

• Majority of the leaders had not received any education/

training regarding family planning. This felt need, it was

suggested, should be met with the management providing

minimum infrastructure and other facilities.

In view of the overall need to involve more fully the corporate

sector and trade unions in the governmental efforts at promoting

family welfare among workers the research study made the

following suggestions:

• The corporate sector and trade unions apart from involving

in the formulation and implementation of official family

welfare programmes should take up family welfare activities

on their own with mutual understanding of their benefits

to both.

• Family planning of workers should be incorporated in the

Unions philosophy and plant level leaders made explicitly

aware of it as much depends on their attitudes and efforts.

• The trade unions, the official agencies and the

managements should work hand in hand to pool their

resources and efforts to achieve maximum results. There

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is need for better communication and interaction between

all three of them to make it a people’s – in this context

workers’ programme.

• Meaningful communication may also take place in joint

committees which may be set up at the grass root level,

between the plant level leaders, government officials and

management representatives to give the programme a push

where it needs most.

• Since education plays a key role in building up positive

opinions, knowledge and action of family planning methods,

the need for educating union leaders themselves before

they, in turn, take up the task of imparting education to

the workers, can hardly be over-emphasized. This activity

should be taken up with the help of the management who

may provide some basic infrastructure facilities including

trainers (who may be in addition to the union leaders

being themselves the trainers) and release of workers from

duty for attending the classes. The government had helped

in training the trainers and even making it mandatory on

the part of the management to provide basic infrastructure

facilities.

“Achievement of demographic objectives is entirely

dependent on a whole set of societal responses and

policy initiatives which go well beyond contraception”

J.R.D. Tata

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1993

“Centre for Better Life” – A project to promote spacing methods among women

industrial workers of Kalka-Solan Industrial Complex

Parwanoo is an industrial area of Himachal Pradesh and

Anand Group of Companies is situated here, 10 KM from

Kalka on the Kalka-Shimla Road. With 192 functional large,

medium and small industrial units, Parwanoo, a beehive of

industrial activity situated in the Solan district of Himachal

Pradesh, had a workforce of 6483 with a sizeable number of female

workers. The total female population in Solan district was about

1,82,030 out of which 1,60,715 lived in the rural areas while the

remaining 21,315 in the urban areas. While the female literacy

rate in urban areas was 80.3%, it was only 46.7% in rural areas.

Overall male and female literacy rates then in the district were

74.67% and 50.69% respectively. Majority of the industrial workers

of Parwanoo lived in Kalka (situated in Ambala district of Haryana

State) and the neighbouring hill villages. Despite the fact that

Solan and Kalka are situated in two different states, the socio-

cultural and geographic milieu of the region was homogeneous

enough to receive a uniform treatment.

The Anand Group of Industries had played a pioneering role to

cater to the welfare needs of the communities at Kalka and

Parwanoo through their welfare centre – the Anand Welfare Centre

(AWC) at Parwanoo, run by the Anand Group of Companies. The

activities of the AWC included adult literacy, health check-ups,

family welfare, immunization, etc. Almost all the married female

workers had small families. The most obvious need was birth

spacing counseling so that mothers with one child could delay the

second child and those already with two or three children could be

persuaded to adopt a terminal method. To address this issue, on

October 2, 1993, the project “Centre for Better Life” was launched

at Parwanoo, by Anand Welfare Centre with funding support from

the Population Foundation of India. This was a Family Welfare

Education Programme for the industrial workers, especially women

work-force, along the Kalka-Solan industrial belt. The project aimed

at creating awareness on spacing methods not only among the

female industrial workers but also at spreading this awareness

among non-industrial female members of the community at large.

The demand was created and addressed by the intense education

programme and by providing well-coordinated necessary services.

The Population Foundation of India provided communication support

as well as training to nominated cadres in reproductive health

education and monitored the progress of the project and suggested

mid-course interventions for its successful completion. Series of

workshops were conducted for worker-motivators and societal

mobilisers nominated by AWC. Social mobilization programmes

were held twice-a-week to cover topics like problems faced by

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mothers, accessibility to reliable medicare, introduction to

reproductive health care & family welfare, provision of suitable

spacing contraceptives after proper evaluation etc.

AWC was the centre for counseling and also acted as a nodal

agency to provide a forum for a systematic awareness programme,

established linkages with PHC, sub-centres and other health

facilities in the area like the ESIC. In furtherance of the objectives

of the collaborative project it was felt that leaders of Industry in

Himachal Pradesh, particularly in the Solan-Kalka belt, need to

be brought together at a Roundtable for greater utilization of the

existing facilities at Anand Welfare Centre, ESIC, and the State

Government Hospitals, for better reproductive health care of the

industrial workers. In this regard, the PHD Chamber of Commerce

and Industry (PHDCCI) in collaboration with the Population

Foundation of India, (PFI) organized a discussion on “Dynamics of

Reproductive Health in the Corporate Sector”, at Parwanoo on

February 18, 1994.

The Roundtable was attended by more than thirty participants.

They included Shri R.K. Saboo, Vice President, PHDCCI and an

eminent industrialist of the region, who was also past President of

the Rotary International, Shri Ashok Khanna, Chairman, Himachal

Pradesh Committee of PHDCCI and Shri B.N. Kataria, President,

Parwanoo Industry Association. Important companies whose

representatives participated in the Roundtable included Gabriel,

Purolator, Eicher, Himachal Fasteners, A.B. Tools, Kalima

Enterprises, Himachal Aluminium and Mohan meakin Breweries.

The State-Government was represented by Dr J.K. Kakkar,

Director, Health and Family Welfare, Government of Himachal

Pradesh, and Dr Har Mohindar Singh, Senior Medical Officer,

ESIC, Parwanoo.

Presiding over the programme, Shri R.K. Saboo said that rapid

population growth was neutralizing all the gains that Indian polity

had achieved since independence. He emphasized that the industry

was getting a great deal from the society, and it was time that

this obligation was repaid. He believed that industrial

managements were in a better position to create administrative

organisms to translate innovative ideas on reproductive health

into action.

Shri Harish Khanna, Executive Director of the Population

Foundation of India, said that the industry and the experts must

think and act in an organized way to evolve a strategy to provide

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good health and family welfare services to the workers. He felt

that corporate sector ought to be more responsive in this regard.

Executive Director of the PHD Family Welfare Foundation, Dr B.

Sarkar called upon the small sector to contribute for the welfare of

its work force. Earlier, welcoming the participants, Mr Ashok

Khanna lamented that help from the small units was not

forthcoming in this direction mainly due to lack of infrastructure

facilities with them.

The State Government and ESIC offered to join hand to support

the Industry’s efforts to provide the young workers suitable

counseling to voluntarily adopt reproductive discipline including

spacing methods which were more suitable for the younger men

and women. The ESIC and the district health authorities assured

that they would provide the required services. PHDC took initiative

in mobilizing the industry in neighbouring estates like Batti,

Nahan, Borotiwala so as to start a movement.

“We do not need family planning for neo Malthusian reasons,

for economic development or for the good of the country, but

we do need it for enhancing the freedom of women...for the

well being of children and well being of people, precisely for

the same reason people need health services”

Somnath Chaterjee

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1994

Workshop on Family Welfare with PHDCCI

Even if the economy grows quite rapidly, the

high growth rate of population will

neutralize India’s social and economic progress”

said Dr Bharat Ram, Chairman, Governing

Board of Population Foundation of India. He was speaking at a

workshop on family welfare which was organized by the PHD

Chamber of Commerce and Industry, on the occasion of World

Population Day 11 July 1994.

Dr Bharat Ram laid emphasis on the importance of female education

to successful family planning programmes. He added that for

every 5 years of education to the girl child, there is a reduction of

one percent in fertility as an educated girl marries late and also

exercises choice in the size of the family. Giving an example, he

said the Tamil Nadu Government by initiating a comprehensive

welfare programme stressing on mother and child welfare has

been able to bring down the birth rate to 21 as against the national

average of 32.

Delhi Chief Minister, Mr Madan Lal Khurana who inaugurated

the workshop said his government has initiated a drive to make

Delhi completely literate by the end of four years. Echoing Dr

Bharat Ram’s views, he said whatever progress the country made

in agriculture and industry got wiped off because of population

explosion. Mr Khurana said increasing population affects sound

economic development. The Chief Minister felt the need to tackle

poverty, literacy and family planning together. He added that his

government will aid organizations involved in family welfare

programmes.

Mr Vineet Virmani, President of the PHDCCI, said the programmes

undertaken by his organization include inputs in the area of female

literacy, income generation schemes and integrated family welfare

and rural development activities.

“Education and knowledge of the people

at large is the only ultimate solution for

handling the problem of population

growth and sustainable development”

Bharat Ram

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1995

Workshop on Family Welfare Programme: Role of Corporate Sector

A workshop on Family Welfare

Programme: Role of Corporate Sector

was held at New Delhi on July 11, 1995 to mark the World

Population Day at the Associated Chamber of Commerce &

Industry of India (ASSOCHAM).

A need for strong government-business partnership at national

and state level to deal with population issues was stressed upon at

this workshop. Speaking on the occasion, the Chairman, Governing

Board, Population Foundation of India, Dr Bharat Ram, said that

the time has come for the industry to involve itself in a big way in

the family planning programme and treat it as a matter of economic

necessity and the expenditure on it as productive investment. It

should provide managerial and other inputs to the state

governments for effective implementation of projects related to

family planning. Dr Bharat Ram disclosed that he had requested

the Prime Minister to convene a meeting of State Health Ministers

and the representatives of industry and trade, particularly of the

apex Chambers to draw a comprehensive plan to tackle the

challenges of population, clearly identifying the role of industry

and trade in specific terms. Dr Bharat Ram said that if three lakh

industrial units in the country could be turned into activity centres

promoting health, education and family planning, a virtual

revolution could be unleashed transforming the most neglected

and backward areas. The industry should set up health centres

and schools in their respective operational areas. Dr Bharat Ram

said that India would reach one billion mark before the

commencement of the 21st Century. It was therefore necessary to

focus on programmes to bring down the birth rate and the infant

mortality rate.

The Secretary, Department of Women and Child Welfare, Dr Sarla

Gopalan wanted that corporate sector should supplement

governmental efforts and contribute to National Children Fund,

Creche Fund and Rashtriya Mahila Kosh. India’s population

programme is zeroing in on four major contiguous states - Bihar,

Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, where the birth,

death and infant mortality rate have been much higher than the

national average of 28.5, 9.2 and 74 respectively.

Dr Ashish Bose, Hony. Professor, Institute of Economic Growth,

suggested debarring of married men below the age of 21 and

women married before the age of 18 from recruitment in public

and private sector, denying promotion to an employee if he had

more than two children, providing free education for two children

till high school level, and giving preference to women while

recruiting in the organized sector. He also suggested setting up of

Technology-oriented Adolescent Resource Development Agency

(TARA), duly supported by the corporate sector to impart modern

skills to the adolescent girls who could be absorbed in trade,

industry and commerce.

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1996

The Intensive Reproductive Health and Family Welfare Programme,

Ghaziabad, U.P.

Ghaziabad district had a population of 2.7

million as per the 1991 census. In spite of its

close proximity to Delhi that has a high level of urbanization and

industrialization, the district was quite backward in terms of

infant mortality, fertility, contraceptive use and female literary.

The conditions of the rural population in Ghaziabad in the social

and health fronts were closer to the rural population of U.P. than

to the population of Delhi.

of delivery services through active involvement of opinion leaders,

NGOs at the PHC level, private practitioners, and anganwadi

workers to people living in rural areas. Announcing the government

plan of social mobilization, Mr Pant said 11 crore primary school

children would get a health check-up with the help of primary

school teachers and paramedicals. “We are in a major process of

literally getting the whole population of the country involved in

health planning and health concern.” He said that the reproductive

The Intensive Reproductive Health and Family Welfare Programme

was designed for Ghaziabad district and was formally launched on

April 12, 1996 by Mr J.C. Pant, Secretary, Union Ministry of

Health and Family Welfare. This project was a joint venture of

Population Foundation of India (PFI) and Federation of Indian

Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).

Speaking on the occasion of the inaugural ceremony, Mr J.C.

Pant said client-oriented approach was “useful for people as it is

need based and helps the clients meet their own health and family

planning goals.” The performance in this approach was “measured

on the quality of care, client satisfaction and coverage measures

and not meeting two-child family target, as envisaged earlier,” he

added. To achieve this, he emphasized the need for decentralization

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health model developed for Ghaziabad would be extended,

eventually, to cover every district of the country. He urged the

State Governments to prepare a similar plan for one district to be

funded under sub-project component of the reproductive and child

health project.

Dr K. Srinivasan, Executive Director of PFI, while introducing

the project said it envisaged implementation of specific packages

of reproductive health and family welfare services including better

quality health services to the people of entire Ghaziabad District.

The region was chosen because of its proximity to Delhi,

backwardness, inadequate health services and high concentration

of industries. He said the components for various services were to

be offered under the project include training of about 2,000 opinion

leaders, grass root functionaries such as elected Pradhans, women

Panchayat members, Dais, Community Health Volunteers, nurses

and midwives. Dr Srinivasan emphasized the need for additional

inputs of resources, viz., personnel, money and management of

services, “if the conditions in the region are to improve rapidly”.

He said plans were to expedite the pace of change in Ghaziabad

through involvement of industries, NGOs and an agency like

Population Foundation of India. Based on Ghaziabad model, a

similar strategy was being worked out for Kota district in

Rajasthan, to undertake an intensive programme for promoting

reproductive health and family planning services in the area. The

Kota project will also be implemented shortly. “Such endeavours

will highlight the social consciousness of the industrial sector in

this country and their commitments for the welfare of the people

at large,” he underlined.

Dr Bharat Ram, Chairman of the PFI Governing Board and guest

of honour at the function, appreciated the initiative being taken

by the PFI on “the involvement of industrialists in the improvement

of rural health and family welfare prorammes in the districts of

Ghaziabad in Uttar Pradesh and Kota in Rajasthan. To strengthen

the programme he expected the industries to extend full cooperation

to the respective State Governments in these two districts and

PFI. “As an industrialist, I feel that the Industry can play a

greater role in the movement for population control,” said Dr

Bharat Ram. He appealed to the business community to invest 1%

of their project cost to basic education and health care in the area

of their operation. He said it was also necessary to “highlight and

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focus on the need for increasing worthwhile programmes and

making greater efforts towards stabilization of population.”

FICCI President, Mr Deepak Banker said that the social

responsibility of corporate sector was no more an obligation but an

economic commitment. “We will do our best to fulfill our

commitment and will not be found wanting in our efforts,” he

emphasized. To tackle the most difficult task of containing

population, Mr Banker said it was a “delicate human problem

which requires, not only a strong political will, but also a well

coordinated, integrated reproductive health programme at the

grassroot level.” Mr Banker assured the PFI that FICCI would

mobilize support from its members in Ghaziabad for their active

participation in the project.

Mr J.N. Guzder, President FICCI Socio-Economic Development

Foundation, while accepting the important role of corporate sector

in development said FICCI had already involved managers of

industrial units and regional chambers in its UP project, and “by

collaborating with PFI, the Foundation re-emphasized its

commitment to support Health and Family Welfare related

programmes.” He expressed his Foundation’s willingness to

participate in Governmental programmes and expected such

support from the Government.

The Chief Medical Officer of Ghaziabad, Dr Ram Babu offered his

full support and cooperation to the project and said he would try to

bridge the gap between provider and the users. Mr Ashok Duggal,

Special Secretary, Medical Health, U.P., said input and help

provided through this project would make RCH facilities more

accessible to the people in the district in Ghaziabad which, in

turn, would have far reaching impact on other districts in U.P.

The programme was in operation over a five year period with an

aim to bring about a transformation to achieve the national goal

of ‘Health for All by 2000’ in Ghaziabad. It sought to build up local

leadership, impart training to health workers and improve the

quality of services in the district. To create wide public awareness,

Jan Shakti Vahini, a group of students to perform street plays

were engaged to visit different villages. They gave their first

performance during the Health Mela held as part of the project

which evoked spontaneous response from the local community.

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The project made good linkages with other institutions like the

Apollo Hospital which offered institutional support for doctors’

training and the government doctors from the blocks came as

resource persons for refresher training programme. Narendra

Mohan Hospital run by Mohan Meakin Ltd. provided institutional

support for dais training in Rajapur Block. They also provided the

vehicle and personnel for the mobile clinic while the medicines

were procured by the project funds.

The “Health Mela” first of its kind in the region was held on

4 January 1997 with a purpose to sensitise the local

population about the various schemes of the Government for

ensuring good health. The health mela was inaugurated by

Ms Rita Menon, Vice-Chairperson, Ghaziabad Development

Authority and Shri Sharada Prasad, District Magistrate,

Ghaziabad gave the keynote address. Other speakers at the

function were Dr K. Srinivasan, Executive Director, PFI;

Shri Y.P. Srivastava, FICCI; Dr Ram Babu, CMO, Ghaziabad;

Prof. O.P. Agarwal and Shri Dharambir Singh, District

Panchayat Raj Officer.

About 1,000 people from the rural areas which included

grassroot leaders like Panchayat Pradhans, Panchayat

members, and the Tehsildar actively participated in various

reproductive health and the family welfare related activities.

Events included lectures, skits, puppet show and the magic

shows. Clad in fine clothes, some women were seen collecting

printed material while some turned towards the magic show.

Women were also seen taking keen interest in the baby

show, painting and fancy dress competitions. The most exciting

part of the mela was a play, which was performed by Jan

Shakti Vahini on reproductive health. The young artists

presented facts on sensitive issues such as marriage, dowry,

early pregnancy, family planning methods, spacing, etc.

Apart from government and NGOs, many industries such as

DHL Division of Airfreight Ltd., Apollo Hospitals, Mohan

Meakins and SmithKline Beechan Consumer Health Care

Ltd. participated and supported the mela. In all 28 stalls

were put up by both the Government and Non-government

organizations.

The FICCI Socio-Economic Research Centre initiated the baseline

survey to find out the status of services and service providing

institutions in Bisrakh and Rajapur Blocks after training the field

staff.

“Family planning measures alone are not sufficient to

contain the growth of population in country. What is more

important is economic and social transformation”

Somnath Chatterjee

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1996

Intensive Reproductive Health and Family Welfare Programmes for Badaun

District of Uttar Pradesh by Tata Chemicals Society for Rural Development

Tata Chemicals Limited (TCL) set up the

Tata Chemicals Society for Rural

Development (TCSRD) in 1980 to promote

its social objectives for the communities in and

around Mithapur and Babrala, where its

facilities are located. The Society works to protect and nurture

the rural populations in and around TCL’s facilities, and helps

people achieve self-sufficiency in natural resource management,

livelihood support and the building of health and education

infrastructure. Taking into account the different geographical

spread of the two regions and their individual subcultures, different

agricultural, economic and development programmes have been

implemented in Mithapur (in Okhamandal) and Babrala. A host

of programmes have been initiated to encourage self-sufficiency

and to ensure that the Tata tradition of dedicated social

responsibility is carried forward. Some of the initiatives that

TCSRD is involved in are: Agricultural development, Education,

Women’s programmes, Animal husbandry, Rural energy,

Training, Watershed development, Relief work and Infrastructure.

Babrala is part of the Badaun district of western Uttar Pradesh.

TCSRD’s initiatives in the region also embrace the development

blocks of Gunnaur, Rajpura and Junawi. The Society has

undertaken a number of development, service and relief activities

in Babrala since 1992. The households that were affected when

land was acquired for the fertiliser complex were the main targets

of these development efforts. Other beneficiaries included those

living below the poverty line. Since agriculture is the primary

occupation of the people here, projects relating to agricultural

development top the priority list. Most households also rear

livestock, mainly buffaloes and cows, but the lack of organised

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dairy development has stymied local efforts to secure commercial

gain from cattle rearing. Two projects with a focus on providing

reproductive health services had been undertaken with PFIs

collaboration covering Rajpura and Gunnour blocks for a period of

5 years each. The first project was covering Rajpura block and

was implemented from 1996-2001. The second project for Gunnour

block (from 2001 onwards) where the entire block was covered in

two phases each covering half the block. Both projects had objectives

of capacity building of community volunteers, sensitisation of

other stakeholders on RH issues and a component of service

delivery through a mobile clinic to increase in the use of family

planning methods in order to reduce infant and maternal deaths

along with addressing vaccinations and child care and nutrition.

The Gunnur project emplemented in 2 phases had 48 villages in

the first phase of 2 years and 46 villages in the second phase.

RCH services were provided through a mobile health team with a

doctor. The Dais were trained in RCH and safe delivery practices

by Kriti Resource Centre. St. John’s Ambulance Association from

Lucknow trained the village volunteers in First Aid. Supportive

IEC activities like puppet shows, messages from Gyani baba,

video films, street plays, pamphlets distribution, wall paintings

etc were carried out in communities. Men were addressed in

special forums through discussions and games. For children, school

programmes were conducted with games and rallies etc.

The people in the project area accept Gyanibaba or nomadic healers

as knowledgeable people TCSRD had the street plays designed

around Gyanibaba giving the health messages. This strategy was

found to be very effective as people gathered to listen to the Baba.

Puppet shows also served as a popular medium for disseminating

information. Conducted near the mobile clinic this show provided

support in mobilizing villagers for availing services from the

mobile van. Mohalla meetings and Mother group meetings were a

major initiative taken by the implementing agency. Under this

10-15 women in small groups were introduced to the concept of

family planning and various methods available, antenatal & post

natal care, necessity of immunization of children and pregnant

women etc. This activity helped in increasing awareness on various

health related issues and acceptance of services available. Flip

Charts used in the project to improve the immunization and care

during pregnancy had pictures of the disease and a short write

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up of symptoms and the preventive measures which were used

for group meetings were appreciated in terms of content and use.

Evaluation showed that awareness about age at marriage has

increased among boys and girls. It showed that 95% of

respondents were visited by the health workers once a month and

were satisfied with the services they provided. About 83% of

women availed services from mobile clinic for reasons like quality,

cost and the government facility being too far off. 94% of the

women were aware of the advantages of small family and

immunization. Women registering for ANC before 12 weeks had

improved by 24% and women getting 3 check ups improved by

40% from the baseline. Home deliveries by trained dais had

increased by 52% from the baseline .The coverage of full

immunization had improved by 36%.The Contraceptive prevalence

rate had improved by 14% and 70% of the women were explained

about all methods of contraception, an improvement of 21% from

the baseline. Evaluation also revealed that the communication

between the husband and wife regarding the family planning

methods had increased greatly. Women said they would continue

with family planning methods even in the absence of mobile

clinic either from private clinic or government hospital.

“In a free enterprise, the community is not just another

stakeholder in business but is infact the very purpose of

its existence”

J.R.D. Tata

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2001

Total Integrated Health Services for Dewas District of Madhya Pradesh by Ranbaxy

Community Health Care Society

Ranbaxy has a strong element of Corporate

Social Responsibility inscribed in its values

and its concern for the society extends well beyond its business

motives. Over two decades ago, in 1979, in the wake of grim

health scenario of India, Ranbaxy realised the urgency to reach

out to those who had little or no access even to basic health care

and instituted ‘Ranbaxy Rural Development Trust’. The main

objective of the programme was to deliver primary health care to

the underserved and underprivileged section of the society to achieve

positive health for them and thus to contribute to the national

objective ‘Health For All’. As the scope of the programme and

company’s commitment grew, in 1994, a professionally managed,

nonprofit, independent body ‘Ranbaxy Community Health Care

Society’ (RCHS) was established against the backdrop of full moral

and financial support of the company with mission of being a

premier community based organization in primary health care to

achieve positive ‘Health for All’ in their service areas.

RCHS believes in a focused and integrated approach to the basic

issues of health care that are elementary and directly responsible

for the state of community health in RCHS service areas. With a

view to plan future strategies for need based interventions, RCHS

regularly monitors and records all vital events such as live births,

infant deaths, maternal deaths and abortions etc. It further

emerged that out of all RCHS service areas, the urban slums of

Dewas in Madhya Pradesh faced the highest infant and maternal

mortality rates. RCHS implemented a project with a focus on

RCH in collaboration with PFI since 2001 in Dewas. The objectives

of the projects were:

•

To build capacity of community level volunteers on issues

related to general health & hygiene and RCH to ensure

their involvement in making primary health services

available at the grass root level.

•

To raise awareness and knowledge of the community

stakeholders such as (school teachers, Anganwadi workers,

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ANMs, local elected leaders, opinion makers, RMPs and

other members) on general health and RCH issues through

IEC and BCC programs.

•

To provide basic quality Primary RCH services in the

target areas through mobile van.

The key strategies were:

•

Supplementing services with mobile health clinics to the

area and target population covering 35 centres. Services

provided are ANC and PNC with referral for high risk

and safe delivery, child care services, supply of

contraceptives, treatment of RTI/STI and counseling

•

Capacity building of female and male volunteers and

establishing them as depot holders of health and

contraceptive supplies.

•

Workshops on health issues for homogenous groups e.g.

health workers, grass root level functionaries and doctors,

Panchayati Raj members, ANMs, Multi-purpose workers,

Anganwadi workers, Adolescents etc and training of

dais.

•

IEC activities like health melas, puppet shows and street

plays and linkages with health department and

strengthening of the referral chain

6 urban service delivery points covering 17000 population and 29

rural centres covering 83000 population were covered through 2

mobile units. Dais, community health volunteers, Anganwadi

workers and Gram Swasthya Samiti members were trained.

Resource persons were from MGM College, Choitram college of

Nursing, etc. Government support was received for health and

contraceptive supplies, training hall, resource persons for training,

care of the referral cases etc. Linkages were made with ICDS

Aanganwadi centres to implement Bal Sanjeevini Mission to

rehabilitate malnourished children and for awareness programs.

The project established link with Indore School of Social Work and

got students to come and participate in the community health

activities. In the second phase of the project, 2 years later, male

health workers were selected and trained to support the project

activities and improve greater participation of the community

members.

The project oriented various other community stakeholders like

school teachers, Anganwadi workers, ANMs, local elected leaders,

opinion makers, RMPs and other members on general health and

RCH issues through IEC and BCC programmes. The project

observed many important health days like Breast Feeding Week,

Safe Motherhood Week, AIDS day, Filaria day, World Measles

day etc. by undertaking related activities in the project area. The

project built strong networking with the government especially

the District Hospital and the ICDS. Government doctors were

involved in training the project staff, dais were allowed to have

hands on experience at the district hospital. The Government of

Madhya Pradesh had organised series of non-scalpel vasectomy

camps and the project staff were actively involved motivating the

men in the communities to avail the services if they desired. The

project has been very successful in provided primary health care

services in Dewas block.

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2002

Improving the Availability and Quality of RCH Services at the Grassroots by Bhoruka

Charitable Trust, Rajasthan

B horuka Charitable Trust (BCT) was

founded in 1963 by Late Shri Prabhu

Dayal Agarwal, a great Philanthrophist and

the founder Chairman of Transport Corporation

of India - Bhoruka Group of Companies. BCT is actively involved

in Intergrated Rural Development in the villages of Rajgarh block,

district Churu, Rajathan since 1973. This area is remote and

underdeveloped and people are conservative and backward. There

is a lack of infrastructure facilities like water supply, roads,

electricity, post & telegraph, rural markets, transportation,

veterinary hospitals, medical and health services etc. Illiteracy

has further added to the economic and social backwardness. BCT

is working with the objectives of addressing economic and social

development, education, environment, health and water supply.

Since 1984 BCT has undertaken a more integrated approach and

is presently working in more than 240 villages of Rajgarh and

Taranagarh blocks of Churu district of Rajasthan. Activities being

undertaken by BCT include -

* Rural Health Program

* Non-Formal Education for Girls

* Universalization of Primary Education through People’s

movement

Integrated Child Development Services

Sanitation and Drinking water

Combating Desertification

Women Empowerment and Income Generation Activities

Rural Infrastructure Development

Famine Relief

Support services organization for grass root level NGOs

A project was undertaken by BCT in collaboration with and funding

support of PFI for improving the availability and quality of RCH

services at the grassroots in 50 villages in Churu district for a

period of 2 years from 2002 to 2004.

The key objective was to improve the utilization and the quality of

available reproductive and child health services, provided by the

local practitioners, by appropriately networking with the health

providers, the community groups and the government health

functionaries at the grass-roots. The specific objectives were:

Identify the key health care service providers (both

preventive and curative) for solving most common RCH

problems, assess their service quality and utilization and

make necessary interventions for upgrading their skills

and service quality.

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Create effective demand for services by providing client

sensitized on provision of preventive services, family

based services, ensuring quality of care and making clients

planning, immunization, dissemination of knowledge of

active partners from need identification stage to micro-

RTI, STD, AIDS and MCH. They were linked up for

planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and

referrals to PHCs and CHCs. During the second year, a 2-

sustainability of the project initiatives.

day re-orientation programme was organized and further

Develop a community based model of networking among

follow-up was done.

the local health care service providers, the community b)

groups and the community members by formation of a

locally dominant Village Health Committee to act as

Training of TBA in Safe Delivery:

50 Dais (one from each village) were trained in initial 4-

coordinator cum catalyst.

To improve the health seeking behavior of the community

members through greater information sharing, better case

management, enhanced interaction with qualified health

providers and more vigil on the quality of available RCH

services.

The key strategies included were:

Identification, training and empowering of Local Health

Practitioner (Gram Chikitsak):

Registered and unregistered local practitioners were

providing much needed services at doorstep for nominal

fee under the project. 50 such Gram Chikitsaks were

trained to provide quality services. For this, an initial

four day workshop was arranged covering all important

aspects of RCH, nutrition and common diseases. These

Chikitsaks were then continuously followed up by project

personnel to ensure provision of quality services at

affordable cost. Other than this, these Chikitsaks were

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day training workshop. After training, these Dais were d)

Establishment of Swasthya Kendra:

followed up and reoriented as per need. Help of ANM was

A space was provided by the community where the

taken for this activity. The Dais were again given a

Chikitsak and Sevikas were available at a specified time

refresher training in the second year in a 2-day workshop.

in each village as per need for service delivery. Swasthya

Selection and training of Swasthya Sevikas:

Melas were organized for increasing awareness and

utilization of services.

A local woman with basic education was identified in each e)

of the village. She was trained in a five-day workshop on

RCH and basic health issues. She served as a catalyst

between the villagers and health services. The project f)

staff maintained links with them and reoriented the

Sevikas again in the second year. They were motivated to

act as depot holders for distribution of family planning

and health related supply at a nominal cost. Two Swasthya

Pariveshikas (Supervisors) were also identified. Each had

a group of 25 villages under her. Her main role was

Promotion of SHGs in each village:

SHGs were formed to serve as a forum for addressing

reproductive health issues and economic empowerment.

Formation of Gram Swasthya Samiti:

In order to ensure sustainability, a Samiti was formed

comprising of 10-20 representatives in each village. The

members were given 2-day orientation to ensure better

implementation and supervision of the project. The Gram

Swasthya Samiti was further oriented in the second year

and motivated to take the responsibility of the programme.

coordination of activities, supervision and reporting. She The project helped to build capacities of the grassroot level

served as a link between the project office and the grassroot functionaries and made health services more accessible to the

level.

community.

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2003

Adolescent Reproductive Health by Tata Steel Family Initiative Foundation,

Jamshedpur

Tata Steel’s Family Welfare programme

began in 1950s as part of its community

development initiative. Since March 2000, these

activities are being carried out under the

umbrella of Tata Steel Family Initiatives

Foundation (TSFIF). The principal aim and objective of TSFIF is

to ensure effective delivery of appropriate family welfare services

at affordable cost so as to enhance the quality of life of people in

and around Jamshedpur. TSFIF is collaborating with many

national and international NGOs working in reproductive health,

mother and child health and other related areas. In the field of

Adolescent Reproductive Health (ARH), TSFIF along with Family

Planning International Assistance (FPIA), U.S.A., launched SAHAS

Project in October 2000 to provide sexuality education and

contraceptive services to youth below the age of 25 years in

Zakirnagar and Gamharia areas of Jamshedpur. Another

collaboration in this field is with Y.M.C.A in which a clinic is

being run in Ranchi.

A program addressing ARSH issues for adolescents was

implemented by them in urban bastis of Jamshedpur in

collaboration with PFI from the year 2003-2005.

Objectives:

! To provide sexuality education through ARH sessions in schools

and kishore/kishori groups

! To provide information on HIV/AIDS and other STDs

! To promote late marriage

! To spread awareness on gender equality

! To provide contraceptive services to adolescents in the area

and promote the small family norm

! To refer patients to TSFIF clinics for RH related problems.

The programme focused on providing information and orientation

of adolescent boys and girls in the age group of 12-19 years on

reproductive and sexual health. Around 20,000 adolescents from

100,000 population were covered through the programme.

The baseline findings revealed that 65% of adolescents were in the

age group of 16-19 years. It also showed that 43% of married

adolescent girls wanted to delay pregnancy. It also brought out

that 9% of unmarried male respondents had experienced sex and

that only 38% adolescents were aware of how HIV spreads.

Against this backdrop the key strategy adopted by the project was

bringing together unmarried boys and girls together as kishore-

kishori dals which proved to be a cost effective way to reach out to

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adolescents and dissemination of information on ARSH to them.

Peer educators were identified and they were provided additional

training thereby improving their capacity to disseminate

information and knowledge .games ,flip charts, leaflets, street

plays, health melas, video shows etc were some methods adopted

to disseminate knowledge. School health programmes were also

done for classes 7-10 and a variety of IEC and BCC activities were

used to reach to the adolescents in the community out of which

nukkad nataks were most popular. Information on consequences

of early and unwanted pregnancies and on the methods of

preventing unwanted pregnancies was given with a special focus

on temporary methods. The five clinics of TSFIF in urban bastis

of Jamshedpur gave service support to adolescents seeking services

from the project area.

An end of the project assessment showed that the programme

reached out to 73% of the targeted population over a period of 2

years. The right age of marriage was known to almost all

adolescents and they believed in small families. The adolescent

boys and girls believed in having equal rights in decision making,

in sharing the parental property and in matters of children and

household activities. It resulted in creating awareness among boys

and girls on sexuality, puberty and related myths. The programme

also resulted in creating awareness among boys and girls on puberty

and myths related to sexuality. Information on the consequences

of early and unwanted pregnancies and on methods of preventing

them was given, special attention was given to commonly available

temporary methods. The adolescents also gained good knowledge

of methods of transmission and prevention of RTI\\STI\\HIV\\AIDS.

About 97% of adolescents received correct information on spread of

HIV/AIDS through the programme.

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2003

Adolescent Reproductive Health by Parivar Kalyan Sansthan, Tata Motors

P arivar Kalyan Sansthan (PKS), is a

registered voluntary organization formed

in 1982 supported by TATA Engineering

Company. Tata Engineering provides PKS

finance, infrastructure & managerial support.

PKS is committed to improve the quality of life in the communities

in & around Jamshedpur through family welfare initiatives &

popularize small family norms in the community at large. From

1996 shift of focus from sterilization to awareness, adolescent

education, spacing method, training, reproductive health & related

initiatives took place. In collaboration with CARE-Atlanta, PKS

has taken up Child Survival Project in 100 villages of Potka block

in East Singhbhum. PKS has been working as resource centre for

RH trainings.

5. To promote gender equality and gender equity.

6. To create responsibility of child spacing and child bearing

amongst both males & females.

7. To provide contraceptives through clinics.

8. To provide youth friendly atmosphere in the clinics.

9. To refer patients to clinics for reproductive health related

problems.

The programme focused on providing information and orientation

of adolescent boys and girls in the age group of 12-19 years on

reproductive and sexual health forming kishore-kishori dals and

dissemination of information of ARSH through peer educators.

A program addressing ARSH issues for adolescents was

implemented by them in for urban slums of Jamshedpur in

collaboration with PFI from 2003-2005. The objectives were:

1. To provide sexuality education in & out of school adolescents.

2. To provide life-skills to increase their decision making power

and negotiating skills.

3. To promote condom amongst the youth.

4. To create awareness about STD, HIV/AIDS.

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The project implementation strategies were:

• Selected staff were trained to build their technical capacity on

RH, social mapping, survey methodology, use of IEC materials

and also on the sensitivity of the adolescents to RH issues.

• Survey was conducted of about 1200 adolescents from the

target population in the area to know their level of knowledge

on issues pertaining to sexual health and hygiene. This together

with participatory rapid appraisal (PRA) helped to form

strategies for the project.

• Co-education schools were identified for the School Health

Programme and orientation training of the teachers and the

school administration was done.

• IEC materials were developed and awareness and counseling

session was conducted in 13 schools covering 800 students.

School health programmes were also done for classes 7 to 10.

The topics covered included adolescent reproductive health,

HIV/AIDS and STDs, gender equality, sexual and reproductive

rights. Each session was for 45 minutes to one hour. All the

sessions had a pre and a post test.

• 10 kishore/kishori dals were formed in the bastis. Peer educators

were identified and they were provided additional training

thereby improving their capacity to disseminate information

and knowledge. Games, flip charts, leaflets, street plays, health

melas, video shows etc were some methods adopted to

disseminate knowledge.

• Organisation of melas to generate awareness of the programme

was done.

• Celebration of major events such as Women’s Day, World

AIDs Day, World Population Day and World Health Day to

create awareness and rapport building with the community

were undertaken.

The endline evaluation showed that 89% received their information

from school health programmes and the Kishore – Kishori meetings

in the bastis, 67% from the nukkad nataks and 56% from the

mass media. The evaluation also revealed that nearly 30-40% of

the peer educators were active by the end of the 2 year project

period. PKS clinics located in the urban slums supported the

programme through medicines, referral services, contraceptive

distribution, IUD insertion etc. A positive impact was seen in

term of the knowledge and attitude amongst the adolescents on

RH.

“We need both population stabilisation and good governance in good measures

and for that to be achieved, it is imperative that all stakeholders should take

proactive measures to facilitate the related processes.”

Somnath Chaterjee

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2003

Adolescent Initiatives in Uttaranchal by Himalayan Institute Hospital Trust,

Dehradun

The state Uttaranchal has scattered villages

in the mountains where facilities of health,

education, water, transport & electricity are not

easily available. It is also among the poorest regions

in terms of medical resources and among the most

needy in terms of high infant mortality and shortened lifespan. It

also has the largest number of people living in poverty. The

Himalayan Institute Hospital Trust was created to help address

these serious needs. The mission of the Institute is to develop

integrated and cost-effective approaches to health care and

development that address the local population, and which can

serve as a model for the country as a whole, and for the under

served population worldwide. The Himalayan Institute Hospital

Trust opened in 1994 with 250 beds and currently has 750 beds

with plans for further expansion up-to 2,000 beds. The hospital is

serving approximately 10 million poor and needy people of Garhwal,

Kumaon and adjoining areas. The Himalayan Institute Hospital

offers various services previously not locally available in this entire

region of Garhwal Himalayas. A combined approach in which

traditional systems of health care complement modern medicine

and advanced technology is the prime focus of clinical care, medical

education, and research at HIHT. The Himalayan Institute

Hospital Trust has been conceived, designed, and orchestrated by

Sri Swami Rama, a yogi, scientist, researcher, writer, and

humanitarian, who was born in northern India. Throughout his

entire life, whether with individual students or entire communities,

Swamiji gave without expecting anything in return. He worked

day and night teaching students, writing books, and building

institutions. In his writings and personal teachings, he always

encouraged readers and listeners to develop their capacity for

selfless service and to devote themselves to the well - being of their

communities, nations, and all of humanity.

The Rural Development Institute of HIHT works in the community

on issues of livelihoods, education, health and water and sanitation

etc .Adolescent Initiatives in Uttaranchal project of PFI was

implemented by Himalayan Institute Hospital Trust, Dehradun

(Rural Development Institute) covering a population of 32,700

adolescents from three blocks in three districts of Dehra Dun,

Nainital and Udham Singh Nagar from 2003. These districts

represent the diverse topography of the state with a mix of hilly

and plain region. One block in each district was selected as

intervention block in this project which was implemented as a

case control study model. There were three partner agencies apart

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from HIHT which itself implemented in Sahaspur block of

Dehradun, these were VTTDS and Aastha in Jaspur block of

Udham Singh Nagar and Chirag in Ramgarh block of Nainital

with technical support from HIHT. The key objectives of the

project were:

• Increasing Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among

adolescents on reproductive and sexual health.

• Enhancing general and reproductive health of adolescents

in the age range of 13 years to 19 years.

• Promoting safe sexual behaviours and lifestyle among

adolescents in the project areas.

• Enhancing adolescent maternal health among the married

adolescents in the age range of 13 years to 19 years.

• Promoting career and development opportunities for

adolescents in the project areas.

The field intervention named as Pehal was implemented by 4

NGOs after doing a baseline survey and evolving a detailed plan of

implementation. Under the project, BCC materials like calendars,

posters on RH issues, audiovisuals, nukkad nataks, anthem and

AIU website were developed.

The field trainers of the implementing agency were trained by

HIHT in using Pehal Kit and adolescent volunteers and village

level committees were in turn trained by them. Shankar and Paro

booklets used for providing training to the adolescents which were

well appreciated in terms of content and use. Pehal booklet ‘Aao

Jaane aur Samajhe’ created good impact on the minds of the

adolescents. Training of male and female adolescents was taken

up separately keeping the sensitivities involved. More than 32,000

adolescents were empowered by the training on the ‘Pehal’ kit

through interactive learning processes. Over 120 Adolescents Health

Volunteers (AHVs) who were in the age group 20-30 years were

motivated and sensitized towards adolescent health and

development. These AHVs undertook the activities of sensitizing

the community, liasoning with the ANMs and ensuring referrals

and follow-up of adolescents.

A nodal Adolescent Resource Center (ARC) was established at

Rural Development Institute, HIHT Dehradun. It was networked

with district resource center at Jaspur (Udhamsingh Nagar),

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Ramgarh (Nainital) and Sahaspur (Dehradun). This has provided

a platform for adolescents to express & explore their hidden talents.

Adolescents organized many talent shows, competitions programs

& rallies through this platform.

HIHT developed an interactive radio program, which was aired

from Nazibabad radio station to cover the entire state. “Pehal

Radio Program” united the hearts and minds of the youngster.

Quiz competition based on the program became an attraction

among the adolescents with awardees recognized formally by HIHT.

Clinical services were delivered to adolescents through camps.

During the project period overall 307 outreach adolescents health

clinics were organized which catered more than 19,000 adolescents.

In these clinics more than 17,000 adolescents were immunized

against Tetanus.

An Adolescent Vocational Cell was established at HIHT for

outlining the career development prospects for youth in

Uttaranchal. A career development reference directory was also

brought out. Career fairs are organized in schools and had a

catalytic effect of binding the adolescents to the core activities.

Around 32 career fairs have been organized at the block level

during the project period, which helped the youth to assess their

aptitude and gain information on technical institutes and various

other career options. These career fairs have popularized the

program not only among adolescents but also with their parents,

teachers and other community members. Village health and career

fairs have helped in mobilizing both the adolescents and adults of

the rural community. More than 1500 “Nukkad Natak” and “Puppet

Shows” have been organized which have proved as a powerful

media in attempting a social change in rural settings.

A midterm review identified the training needs, documentation

skills needed by the NGOs, gaps in the functioning of the VHCs

and the Adolescent committees etc. The review enabled the

programme to focus on the identified gaps in order to achieve

greater impact.

The endline evaluation showed that the project was very popular

and there was improvement in the knowledge and practices related

to physical health, personal hygiene and cleanliness. The AIU

anthem developed in-house was very effective as recall of the

anthem was found to be high among adolescents. The reach of the

Pehal Radio Programme dealing with adolescent issues which was

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broadcasted in Uttaranchal was very effective in increasing

awareness. The career needs and educational aspirations of the

adolescents got more focused and concretized due to successful

organization of career fairs and counseling. The perception

regarding self esteem, values and virtues were increased in

intervention area as compared to the control area. The awareness

of balanced diet was found to have been increased in the project

area. Adolescents having at least one symptom of anaemia showed

a reduction of 11 percent (47%-38%) in the intervention area.

Personal hygiene during menstruation showed marked improvement

when compared to the baseline. The knowledge on consequences of

early pregnancy in the intervention area showed a significant

improvement from baseline to end line (65% to 90%). Most of the

adolescents preferred to have two children only. Knowledge on

contraceptive methods increased from 48% to 84% in the

intervention area among the adolescents and there was a noticeable

change among the adolescent girls (38% increase). The correct

knowledge of HIV/AIDS increased by 26% from the baseline (68%

to 94%).

Institutions (PRIs) so that ownership for adolescent issues could

be further strengthened to develop a community based partnership

for addressing adolescent issues. Government agencies also actively

contributed to activities like health camps which contributed to

the success of the project.

Adolescent Initiative Uttaranchal has been evolved as a successful

multidimensional model addressing all the crucial needs and issues

concerning adolescents. The government of Uttaranchal adopted

this model and decided to implement similar programmes in 4

districts. The state government selected HIHT to be the technical

agency for provision of training under the scheme.

The project had special emphasis on developing linkages with the

existing system of health, ICDS, education and Panchayati Raj

“Start from where you are; be patient and

move on by practicing systematically”

H.H. Dr. Swami Rama

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2003

Initiatives with the Corporate Sector against Female Foeticide

Declining Child Sex Ratio (CSR) in the age group of 0-6

years, has been a growing concern over the past decade,

and more recently since the Census 2001 has indicated a steep

decline in the Child Sex Ratio in most of the states in India. The

steeper decrease in child sex ratio in states that have otherwise

made considerable progress and achieved milestones in other

development indicators like economic stability, education, access

to health services has been worrying demographers, researchers,

policy makers and academicians. The Census has also shown that

the trend is more pronounced in urban areas as compared to the

rural areas. Some of the states that have the lowest child sex ratio

are Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Chandigarh and

Gujarat. The scenario in metropolitan cities like Delhi, Hyderabad

and Mumbai is not any better either. In order to check female

foeticide, the Pre natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and

Prevention of Misuse) Act, 1994 was enacted and came into

operation from January 1, 1996 (called the PNDT Act). However

during the course of the implementation of the Act, certain

inadequacies and practical difficulties in the administration of the

Act came to the notice of the Government. At the same time, new

techniques came up to select the sex of the child before conception

which could also contribute to the declining Child Sex Ratio. Taking

into consideration these developments, the PNDT Act was amended

to address technologies that make it possible to detect the sex of

the foetus even before conception. It is now read as “The Pre-

Conception and Pre Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of

Sex Selection) Act 1994”.

The consequences of declining Child Sex Ratio are —increasing

sexual and social crimes against women, negative effect on women’s

health because of repeated pregnancies and forced abortions. The

causes for declining child sex ratio in India are deeply rooted

gender discrimination, patriarchal society and low social and

economic status of women coupled with unscrupulous use of modern

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technology which makes it possible to detect the sex of the foetus.

Strong tendencies of son preference and social evils like dowry also

contribute to the problem.

One of the responses to declining child sex ratio in India has been

strong legal advocacy leading to the formulation of a law against

sex selection and pre birth elimination of females. The law called

the Pre-Conception and Pre Natal Diagnostic Techniques

(Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act (PC & PNDT) aims to regulate

the use of technology in order to prevent sex selective abortion of

females. Although the formulation of the law is a commendable

step, there have not been strong advocacy efforts to complement

the implementation of the law. It is in the light of this context,

that the Population Foundation of India; a premier non-

governmental organization working on population related issues

in India undertook an advocacy campaign in eleven states with

financial support from Plan International- India, an international

funding organization working on child rights. The campaign was

undertaken in three phases. In the first phase, it covered two

states of Rajasthan and Orissa. Learning lessons from the success

of the campaign in these two states and realising the importance

of such advocacy efforts, in the second phase the campaign reached

the states of Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh,

Uttaranchal, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. The third and the final

phase consisted of two states- Andhra Pradesh and Delhi. It has

been by far the largest advocacy campaign, reaching the widest

and most varied audience in the country on the issue of sex

selection and pre birth elimination of females. The campaign

involved local partners from the states - NGOs, teachers, the

media- designing state specific advocacy materials and mobilising

the stakeholders in each of the eleven states. Advocacy workshops

were conducted with elected representatives like Members of

Legislative Assemblies, representatives of the corporate and

industry sector, doctors, teachers, NGOs, students and the media.

The campaign received strong media coverage, both in the national

and local media including newspapers, various television channels

and the All India Radio.

As part of this national advocacy campaign against sex selective

abortion, advocacy was done with various corpoarte organizations

in eleven states namely- Orissa, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana,

Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh,

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Uttranchal, Andhra Pradesh and Delhi. Individual workshops were

organized in very states for the corporate people. PFI tied up with

organization like CII, PHDCCI, FICCI, BCCI etc for the same.

Why involve the industry: The Foundation’s collaboration with

industry is based on the premise that industry / business houses

are more than economic institutions, which include not merely

economic considerations but also social objectives in their decision

making process. Diverting corporate energy into social

responsibility is required foremost. Some areas of activities that

industrial and corporate sector can undertake and support are the

following:

• Considering the issue of declining Child Sex Ratio, both as

a human right and a development issue from a holistic

perspective, the first and foremost requirement is the

commitment from the senior executives for taking up

programmes, allocation of resources, and drawing up a

strategy and work plan

• Explicit commitment to the cause of women and the girl

child among managerial cadres of the industry. Creation

of a gender sensitive environment, equal rights and

facilities to women employees, proper medical and health

care, and special incentives in favour of the girl child can

be the priority areas for consideration

• Indian industry and the business sector have a built- in

advantage in their ability to support welfare activities due

to easy access to a large group of employees and their

families. Industrial workers are located in contiguous areas

where it is easy to do advocacy and communication

activities, and provide counseling services

• Setting up a joint action group consisting the

representatives of management and employees to plan and

implement programmes against sex determination and

pre birth elimination of females can go a long way in

supporting this campaign

• Many industries/ corporate houses run/support nursing

homes, hospitals and diagnostic centres. They can monitor

their activities to see that sex determination tests and

subsequent abortion of females is not carried out.

Simultaneously, they can also sensitize the doctors and

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11.1 Page 101

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health workers on the PC & PNDT Act and adverse

implications of declining child sex ratio. The traditional

birth attendants living in the peripheral areas often collude

in referring cases for sex determination and subsequently

sex selective abortion. Along with doctors and health

workers, these traditional birth attendants also need to be

sensitised.

• In the industry run schools and colleges, sensitisation of

teachers and students, primarily on the issue of declining

sex ratio and related issues like dowry and discrimination

against girl child could be taken up

• Various NGOs are working in and around the industrial

areas. Increased cooperation between industry management

and NGOs is required for awareness generation on the

issue and effective implementation of the PC & PNDT

Act.

• Various advocacy programmes and other related events on

the issues of importance of girl child and arresting sex

selection and pre birth elimination of females can be

sponsored.

• Database of the health status of employees and their

families can be created along with ensuring registration of

pregnancies, births, and deaths.

• Complementary efforts and cooperation amongst various

industries according to their varying capacities and relevant

skills can be facilitated. The social welfare wings of various

industries can be the nodal centres for carrying out various

programmes against sex determination and sex selective

abortions and related issues of dowry/ women’s status

• Necessary/ financial and material resources can be

mobilized on a sustained basis towards this cause

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Orissa:

In Orissa, the workshop with the corporate sector was held on

June 29, 2003 at Bhubaneswar. Mr. AR Nanda, Executive Director,

Population Foundation of India, in his welcome address said that

the issue of female foeticide was more serious than issue of

population stabilization. Honourable Minister of Industry, Mr K V

Singh Deo, inaugurated the workshop and in his inaugural address

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RCCI, inaugurated the workshop. He said that industry can play

a major role in dealing with declining Child Sex Ratio in Rajasthan

since it has a mixed group of big and small industries and reaching

to the masses can only be possible through the industrial sector.

The status of a woman in the family is directly linked with the

number of sons she has given birth to and this attitude has to

change, he added. Mr. A R Nanda, Executive Director, Population

Foundation of India emphasized that coercive policies like two-

child norm cannot work in a democratic country like India.

assured his support to this cause. At the workshop, Mr D N

Padhi, Principal Secretary, Steel and Mines said that there is a

need to have an action plan with a timeframe to have measurable

indicators and tangible results. Mr C B Satpathy, Chief of Vigilance,

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, said that if women’s groups, the

medical fraternity and the state government did not take immediate

steps to curb the abuse of advanced scientific techniques for sex

selection, the future would be bleak for girl children in India.

Speaking during the workshop Mr Rohit Brandan, Divisional

Commissioner of Jaipur said that male participation in family

planning and welfare should increase.

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Rajasthan:

In Rajasthan, a workshop with the corporate sector

was held on June 15, 2003 at Jaipur with the

Rajasthan Chamber of Commerce and Industry

(RCCI). Dr. K L Jain, Honorary Secretary General

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Initiatives on PCPNDT Act in Haryana:

PFI joined hands with PHDCCI to mobilize their

members for the advocacy workshop. The

workshop was held on March 13, 2004 at PHD

House in Delhi. Representing the Industry, Dr B P Dhaka,

Secretary General, PHDCCI said that the sector is aware of its

commitment towards the society and is making every possible

effort for the upliftment of the society. Industry should take

personal interest in their employee’s health and education. He

promised full support from the Industry sector for the cause.

Addressing the participants, Shri S.P.Sharma, Financial

Commissioner and Secretary, Women and Child Development,

Government of Haryana, said that the PNDT Act per se cannot

solve the problem as the age-old mindset of son-preference coupled

with modern consumerism has made the situation very grim. He

asked the industry to adopt schools and colleges and start advocacy

programmes with like-minded students and teachers who can

then reach out to the society and fight against female foeticide. In

her role as moderator, Dr Nalini Abraham, Country Health Advisor,

Plan India, praised the industry for efforts undertaken as a part

of their corporate social responsibility. She gave the example of an

Industry in South India which has adopted a policy where it is

mandatory for all the employees to give an undertaking that they

will not be a party to the dowry system.

There were around 125 participants. Senior members of the

Industry in Haryana, government officials from the Centre as

well as the State, experts from medical, legal and other related

fields were present during the workshop apart from representatives

of some non-government organizations from Haryana.

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Punjab:

The state level workshop with industry leaders

in the state of Punjab was organized on April 8,

2004 at Chandigarh. Members of the Punjab

Branch of the Punjab Haryana Delhi Chambers of Commerce and

Industry (PHDCCI), participated at the workshop as also various

senior state government officials. At this workshop, Dr G L Goel,

Director, Health and Family Welfare, Government of Punjab said

that steps have been taken to monitor closely each and every

ultrasound machine in the State. A model plan prepared for

Ludhiana is being implemented in other districts as well. Speaking

on behalf of the industry Mr Ashok Khanna, CEO, Khanna

Watches Ltd. and the Past-President, PHDCCI Chandigarh assured

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full support to all like-minded people and organizations for fighting

female foeticide. He appreciated the work undertaken by the non-

government organisations for social upliftment of women and

suggested that campaign like this should be clubbed with

spirituality. He said, “India traditionally being a religious country,

people’s mindset can be immensely influenced through religious

and spiritual involvement”. He also suggested to include the practice

of ‘Art of Living’, preached by Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, to bring

about social reforms. He expressed his concern towards the

entertainment media, especially the Hindi serials at the prime

time, showing unhealthy relationship among women themselves,

somehow loosening the common thread which binds the family in

a healthy, value-based and mutual respect of womanhood.

While moderating the workshop, Dr Nalini Abraham, Country

Health Advisor, Plan India called upon the industry people to help

social organizations in transforming small social initiatives into

mass movement. Highlighting the history of social reforms like

Sati, Widow Marriage, Child Marriage and their impact on the

society, she said that campaign like this can also be transformed

into a social reform. She also said that the issue of the female

foeticide can be effectively tackled by a multi-stake holder approach.

She appreciated initiative taken by religious leaders of Punjab for

fighting female foeticide. Mr SC Aggarwal, Principal Secretary,

Industry and Commerce, Punjab, in his address to the gathering

said that it is an irony that education is negatively co-related with

the cause of female foeticide. He said industry should use their

privileged position in the society for the upliftment of the society.

He gave example of industries where gifts are exchanged when a

girl is born in their township. He called upon the industry to

realize their responsibilities towards the society and appealed for

greater cooperation between the industry and the social sector.

There were around 85 participants. Senior members of the Industry

in Punjab, government officials from the State, experts from

medical, legal and other related fields were also present during

the workshop apart from representatives of non-government

organizations from Punjab.

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Himachal Pradesh:

The workshop in Himachal Pradesh was

organised on May 15, 2004 at Parwanoo.

Parwanoo is the industrial belt of Himachal

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Pradesh. Chairing the industry session, Mr Alok Sharma, an

eminent industrialist representing the Parwanoo Industry

Association said that the presentations made during the workshop

were an eye opener. He committed every possible help from the

industry to fight the cause. Sharing his views on the education

policy of the country, he said that we normally give importance to

literacy rate and therefore fail miserably in educating people on

social issues. He called upon the participants to give up the attitude

of ‘Kya Farak Padta Hai’ meaning by a casual attitude towards

social issues. He advocated for vocational training in industry for

women and subsequent absorption of trained personnel in the

industry itself. He said that mere reservation of jobs for women

in the industry will not solve the problem, rather educating and

empowering them will definitely help them live a life of dignity.

Mr RS Guleria, President BBN Industry Association and Vice-

President Gower and Weil India Ltd., in his address acknowledged

that son-preference and dowry are the two most important factors

behind all social issues related to women. He pledged full

cooperation of the industry towards curbing not only declining

child sex ratio but also other social issues related to women and

the girl child.

Representatives from industries like Gabriel India Ltd, Dabur,

Himalayan Fruit Processing Industry, Vardhman etc committed

their full support towards fighting declining Child Sex Ratio and

pledged to create a gender sensitive environment for their workers.

They unanimously called for empowerment of women.

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Gujarat:

In Gujarat, an advocacy workshop was

organised in collaboration with Confederation of

Indian Industries (CII), Federation of Indian

Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FICCI)

and Gujarat Chamber of Commerce and

Industries (GCCI) on October 1, 2004 at

Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

Mr Kartikeya Sarabhai, Chairperson, Ambalal

Sarabhai Enterprise Limited mentioned that the

problem was not sectoral, but deep- rooted in

society. Changing people’s perception towards

the girl child is the only long term solution. Mr B R Shah of

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on July 15, 2005 at Lucknow. Mr. A K Singh, former President of

the Indian Medical Association stressed at the workshop that

doctors should be ethical in their profession. Mr. Lenin

Raghuvanshi, State Director, Human Rights Law Network, spoke

on the status of implementation of the PC & PNDT Act and urged

the corporate sector to play a strong role in arresting the declining

Child Sex Ratio.

Lalbhai Group shared the social activities his company has taken

up in the slums where the problem was rife, and the rural

development activities in about 300 villages in Sabarkantha district

in Gujarat. He suggested that corporates should educate their

own employees, many of which belonged to the privileged class.

Mr Jagatramka, MD, Gujarat NRE-COKE Ltd said that it is

crucial to address the root cause of the issue. He suggested that

corporates should assist NGOs to create awareness in the

community through various activities and programmes. Mr Ashish

Desai of Nirma Company shared the activities taken up by their

company in the Mehsana district.

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Uttar Pradesh:

The workshop with the industry in Uttar Pradesh was conducted

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Uttaranchal:

The advocacy workshop with the corporate sector

in Uttaranchal was organized with the

Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) on

September 30, 2005 in Dehradun. It was

suggested that the youth of the country should be sufficiently

educated and involved in the advocacy campaign. Participants

resolved to make an effort to create awareness in his or her area

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of influence, both at home and in the place of work, so that

collectively some result could be achieved.

child sex ratio as a man made issue in a “son” oriented society.

Ms. Anna Dani, Principal Secretary, Health and Family Welfare,

Government of Maharashtra shared initiatives taken by the

government to prevent the sex selection and pre birth elimination

of females. She mentioned that the government is playing an

active role in creating awareness but as the problem is related to

people’s attitudes, not much can be done by the government alone.

Active participation of the community along with the corporate

sector is the need of the hour.

Mr. V. R. Jathar, Director – Corporate Social Responsibility, Bombay

Chamber of Commerce said that the workshop is an eye opener for

the corporates and assured complete support from the industry

sector for the cause. He also highlighted some of the activities

that BCCI has been doing with its members.

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Maharashtra:

In Mumbai, the workshop with the corporate

sector was conducted in collaboration with the

Bombay Chamber of Commerce and Industry

on April 7, 2005 at Mumbai. The workshop was

attended by participants from various industries such as TATA,

Larsen & Toubro and Reliance Industries. The industry sector

supported the campaign and showed interest in future participation

in activities related to the issue.

Mr. AR Nanda, Executive Director, Population Foundation of India,

welcomed the participants and introduced the topic as of declining

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Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Andhra Pradesh:

The workshop was organized on September 9,

2004 at Hyderabad with the members of

Federation of Andhra Pradesh Chamber of

Commerce and Industry (FAPCCI). Mr. AR

Nanda, Executive Director, Population Foundation of India,

welcomed the participants.

Chairing the workshop Mr BG Shastri, former President FAPCCI

assured full support for the campaign and said FAPCCI would

take this campaign forward through its corporate members. He

said that if we reduce the barriers for women in the society, a girl

would grow on her own. He called for laws where family fortunes

can be inherited by daughters.

Dr. Nalini Abraham, Country Health Advisor, Plan International

India, suggested that the Industry should take up the initiative of

passing the business fortune to the daughters at par with the

sons. Mr. Venkatramanan, Commissioner, Family Planning,

Government of Andhra Pradesh in his address to the workshop

said that issues like rights of girl child, women’s empowerment,

Child Sex Ratio should be tackled at the individual level or at the

family level as these are governed more by individual/family

decisions.

Initiative on PCPNDT Act in Delhi:

Two advocacy workshops were organised in

Delhi. The first workshop was organised in

association with CII on May 28, 2004. Mr. AR

Nanda, Executive Director, Population

Foundation of India, welcomed the chief guest and the participants

and said that the adverse child sex ratio in the age group of 0 to 6

years and elimination of the girl child is the biggest challenge of

the 21st century. Smt Panabaka Lakshmi, Honourable Minister of

State for Health and Family Welfare, was the chief guest at the

workshop. She acknowledged the issue of sex selective abortion

and declining child sex ratio as an area of urgent concern for her

Ministry. She pointed out that pre birth elimination of females

cannot be carried out without easy access to medical technology.

Showing her concern about the declining number of girls in the

society, she said that it is not only the problem of numbers but

that of the very status of women. She also expressed her concern

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The second workshop was organised with

PHDCCI members on March 2005. At the

workshop, Mr Jaswant Rai, eminent

industrialist said that such workshops should not be confined to

closed doors and assured the group that PHDCCI has noted down

the suggestions and comments that have emerged from the

workshop and would take the issue forward with its individual

members. The industry representatives actively participated in

the open forum and discussed the steps some of the industries

have taken as part of corporate social responsibility.

that the gains that have been made over the years in this regard

are at stake

Mr M Raghuram, Senior Adviser, Mahindra & Mahindra said

that no legislation can change the attitude of the masses. There

should be full commitment from the government and the civil

society that no one should be deprived of education as, he believed,

education can help fight this social evil by providing equal

opportunities to women in all walks of life and thereby, empowering

them to live a life of dignity. Industry should not be targeted for

solution to the cause, rather it can be approached for assistance in

fighting the cause, he said. There were representations from various

industries like Bharti Enterprises, Larsen &Toubro and

Mahindra&Mahindra.

An additional workshop on PCPNDT Act in Chandigarh:

After successfully organizing advocacy workshops

with the corporate/industry leaders in the states

of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh

individually, there was a demand for a similar

workshop involving the corporate sector of all the three states

together. Thus, a combined workshop with the corporate and

industry of three states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh

was organized on October 26, 2004 to focus on advocacy with these

states having low Child Sex Ratio. The workshop was attended by

industry representatives from all the three states.

Talking about the Punjab government’s initiatives in this

workshop, Mr. D.S Guru, Secretary Health, Government of Punjab

said that the government has initiated a two-pronged strategy for

dealing with declining Child Sex Ratio - effective implementation

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of law on the one hand and generation of awareness on the other

hand to curb the declining child sex ratio.

In his concluding remarks, Mr Gunbir Singh, Convenor, Social

Development Panel, CII Punjab State Council said that religious

leaders and educational institutions should be involved in this

campaign. He said that CII will consider sex selective abortion as

a human rights issue and will continue its support to such

campaigns.

Key recommendations from workshops with Corporates and

Industries

• Some ultrasound machines are manufactured in India but

some are imported through traders. The list of all machines

manufactured and sold by any company should be provided to

the Government of India.

• Social organizations attached to various industry groups should

look into the legal aspects. They should support effective

implementation of the PC & PNDT Act and provide support to

the appropriate authorities of the district.

• Industries should start gender programmes in their townships

and adopt nearby villages for the same.

• Industry should maintain a gender sensitive attitude while

projecting the image of women in advertisements and

promotional endeavours.

• Industry should make policies for supporting and saving the

girl child.

• The corporate sector should use its privileged position in the

society and in the government and take up the issue at its

level.

• The corporate should launch a media campaign involving its

public relations skills.

• Government initiatives are not enough, corporates and NGOs

should come forward and join hands with the government.

• Industry should not be targeted for solution to the cause,

rather it can be approached for assistance in fighting the

cause.

• Industrial policies towards its employees should be family

specific

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2004

Parivartan : Family Welfare and Population Development Programme –

JK Tyre

JK TYRE plant in Kankroli is a unit of

JK Industries was established in 1976;

it is located predominantly in a rural belt in Rajasamand

district of Rajasthan and is surrounded by many small villages.

JK Tyre, as part of its social responsibilities, has been working in

the field of community development for more than a decade. Various 3.

social initiatives implemented by the industry in the nearby villages

include organizing drinking water supply, fodder supply, grain

distribution during severe drought, visit of Medical officers for 4.

consultation and treatment, running of a school affiliated to CBSE

up to 12th standard, giving financial support to local schools,

development of traffic circles, parks, sports stadium, construction

of Police Station buildings, hospitals, local cultural and sport events

etc.

JK Tyre has initiated a joint project on family welfare and

population development in collaboration with Population Foundation

of India, with the objectives –

To build the capacity of community level volunteers on

issues related to general health & hygiene, RCH and to

ensure their involvement in making services available on

a sustainable basis at the grass root level.

To raise awareness and knowledge of the community

stakeholders (school teachers, Anganwadi workers, ANMs,

local elected leaders, opinion makers, Registered Medical

Practitioners (RMPs), etc) on RCH issues and general

health through IEC (Information, Education and

Communication) and BCC (Behavioural Change

Communication) programmes.

To provide quality RCH services in the target areas through

mobile van.

To organize socio-economic development activities in the

target villages to enhance the effectiveness and acceptability

of the programme.

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The project has been designed for 60 villages with 50% of

the cost being shared by JK Tyre. A baseline survey was carried

out by an external agency which showed 17% of women had 3

ANC check-up. 70% deliveries were at home; of home delivery

only 27% were attended by Trained Birth Attendants. 31% of

children were fully immunized. 95% of women had knowledge of

at least one method of family planning, out of which 96% had

knowledge of permanent methods. 43% knew about pills, 35%

about IUD and 26% about condom. The contraceptive prevalence

rate was 21%. 27% of women were aware about HIV/AIDS.

The key strategies used in the project are:

* Mobile Clinic : Mobile clinic facility which has been initiated

in the target area to supplement the demand generated for

services delivered by mobile clinic include Maternal and child

care services, referral services for emergency obstetric care,

family planning services, treatment of RTI/STD, general health

check up, counseling services and awareness generation on

RCH issues e.g; HIV/AIDS. SW, ANM (the government ANM

functioning in the area are linked up to the van and help in

service delivery).As a strategy, the 60 villages in the project

are to be covered over a period of 5 years. The villages were

divided into 2 phases, the first phase villages were covered

over a period of 2½ years by mobile van which was made

available on a monthly basis to each of the villages. The

initiation of services to the second phase villages has begun

during October – December, 2006.

* VLMs: The VLM is the crux of the programme as community

representative whose capacity is built on an ongoing basis

support the mobile clinic team and carry out one to one or

group awareness at the community level. She is a literate

village woman, Traditional Birth Attendant, Women Panchayat

member or wife of paramedical practitioners of the village

Issues that covered during the training of VLM are antenatal

and postnatal care, adolescent health issues, immunization

and growth chart for children and childhood illnesses, nutrition

and sanitation, First Aid, family planning, appropriate referral

services for sterilization, CuT insertion and emergency obstetric

care, awareness generation on RCH issues including HIV/

AIDS, management of common ailments, record keeping and

counseling services – for nutrition, treatment compliance,

mother and child care, birth preparedness, family planning,

etc.

* Awareness of stakeholders: With the support of the project

team and the stakeholders, she is envisaged to slowly takeover

ownership of the programme. The Panchayat and its members

will have to play an active role and will be encouraged to adopt

the programme with its resource requirements. This will be

possible only with extensive exposure of stakeholders to BCC

interventions.

The key community level stakeholders identified are Anganwadi

workers, school teacher, government health professionals, ANM,

a literate village woman, opinion makers (elderly), traditional

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birth attendants, women Panchayat members, wives of

indigenous medical practitioners of the village and other

paramedical practitioners of the village

* IEC/BCC: One day per week mobile van is also used for training

and awareness activities and field programmes for various issues.

Building up the capacity of the community volunteers on RH

issues, sensitizing various groups in the community like school

teachers, Anganwadi workers, ANMs, local elected leaders,

opinion makers, RMPs, etc on RCH issues and general health

through IEC and BCC programmes is an important project

component. It is envisaged that with the support of the project

team and other the stakeholders VLMs and the Panchayat

members will play an active and they will slowly take over

owner ship of the programme.

* Socio-economic development: Keeping the basic needs of the

community in mind and the tangible link between health,

hygiene, sanitation, education and income generation, the project

will also address a few basic needs of the community. To improve

the effectiveness and acceptability of the programme, socio-

economic development activities like drinking water facilities,

bathing facilities for women etc are undertaken in some of the

target villages.

* Government Linkages: Linkages with the government have

been established and the government is updated periodically

regarding progress of the project through meetings and

interactions, governmental resources and supplies are utilized

to strengthen the same.

A qualitative midline survey done recently has shown that the

mobile clinic has served to supplement public health system for

RCH services. It was also seen that the project VLMs were

instrumental in promoting institutional delivery and contraceptive

spacing methods specially IUDs in the community. It was observed

as a good practice that AWW and Dais were recruited as VLM in

the second phase areas thereby creating linkage to the public

health system. Follow-up of referrals and complicated cases by

VLM needs strengthening. In this context it would be helpful to

have all beneficiaries listed and visited in a systematic way by

VLMs. The project has started charging user fees from the

community which will serve to add value to the services.

Registration of JK Tyres as a trust to give autonomy and

legal status to work as a social welfare unit of JK Group is also

planned.

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12.5 Page 115

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2004

Naya Savera : Integrated Family Welfare Programme – JK Lakshmi Cement

JK Lakshmi Cement (JKLC), a division

of JK CORP Limited, was established in

1982. It is a member organization of the JK Group of Industries

involved in the business of cement manufacturing. Businesses of

JK Group have spread all over India in diversified fields and the

group has contributed in the field of uplifting the weaker sections

of the society with due recognition from all corners. It was with

this cause in mind that the group decided to set up its Cement

Business in a remote area like that of District Sirohi, in Rajasthan,

which was a zero industrial area surrounded by the weaker sections

of the society without any development activities going on at that

point of time.

Since the inception of the plant in 1982, JK Lakshmi Cement has

been giving contribution on a regular basis for the community

development activities in different fields like education, health

care, transport and drinking water etc.

JKLC has initiated a joint project in collaboration with Population

Foundation of India. JKLC is bearing 50% of the project cost. The

project has the following objectives :

To build capacity of community level volunteers on issues

related to general health, hygiene and RCH to ensure

their involvement in making services available on a

sustainable basis at the grass root level.

* To raise awareness and knowledge of the community

stakeholders such as school teachers, Anganwadi workers,

ANMs, local elected leaders, opinion makers, RMPs and other

members, on general health and RCH issues through IEC and

BCC programs.

* To provide basic quality RCH services in the target areas

through mobile van.

A Baseline assessment was done at the beginning of the project.

It showed poor ANC coverage, immunization coverage and poor

contraceptive coverage. As this is a 4-year project, a midline survey

under strict supervision of PFI was conducted by an external

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agency. It helped in revalidating some of the baseline indicators.

It showed 3 ANC check-ups were availed by 35.9% women amongst

whom 20.5% were registered in 1st trimester, 27% of women had

institutional deliveries, 25% of children aged 12-23 months had

complete immunization. It also showed that only 26% women

were aware of modern family planning methods and 13.5% were

using them.

The key implementation strategies are Capacity Building of village

level motivators raising awareness and knowledge of community

amd Providing quality RCH services.

Capacity building of VLMs: The village level motivators (VLMs)

are a socially acceptable person selected in consultation with the

community. The village level motivator can be a literate village

woman, Traditional Birth Attendant, woman Panchayat member

or wife of paramedical practitioner of the village. She is the key

person and her capacity is built over a period of time for her to

act as a local resource person for health and contraceptive products.

A small honorarium is paid to her. She is guided to maintain

basic village level records. Community stakeholders are motivated

to support the VLMs. Issues covered during the training of VLMs

are Nutrition and sanitation, First Aid, Childhood Immunization,

Growth Monitoring, Treatment of common ailments, Ante Natal

and postnatal care, Safe delivery, Adolescent health issues, Family

planning, Management of RTI and STD – HIV/AIDS, IEC, BCC

and Counseling strategies and Record keeping.

Raising awareness at community level: Identifying and

capacity building of stakeholders is essential to sustain the

programme. The involvement of stakeholders with the team enables

them to facilitate family welfare programme later on independently.

They also help in establishing linkage with authorities and

functionaries like ANMs. Gram Panchayats are encouraged to

take ownership of the programme. Ownership of the programme

by the communities is essential for sustainability. The key

stakeholders of this program at the community level are

Aanganwadi workers, School Teachers, Government health

professionals/ANM, opinion makers (elderly), Traditional Birth

Attendants, Panchayat Members (specially women), paramedical

practitioners of the village and their wives.The stakeholders with

the guidance of project team support the VLMs and slowly take

over ownership of the programme. The Panchayat and its members

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are motivated to play an active role and are encouraged to adopt

the programme. This is possible only with extensive exposure of

stakeholders to BCC interventions. Awareness and education is

essential for the rural communities to understand, participate and

benefit from the services provided. The core project team with a

few key stakeholders from the communities is trained on IEC,

BCC and counseling strategies.

The modes of communication that is used for IEC/BCC activities

are mass communication meetings, meetings with men, women,

adolescents, posters, pamphlets and banners etc., puppet shows

video shows, need based IPC for individuals and Influencing through

opinion makers

Provision of quality RCH services: Mobile clinic facility has

been extended to the target area for once a week to each village to

cover each of the 10 villages once a week. The mobile clinic provides

services such as primary immunization, ante natal check up and

PNC care, provides community based contraceptive methods,

appropriate referral services for sterilization, CuT insertion and

emergency obstetric care, treatment of RTI/STD, general health

check up, counseling services – for nutrition, treatment compliance,

mother and child care, birth preparedness, family planning, etc.

and awareness generation on RCH issues including HIV/AIDS.

Establishment of Government linkages: JKLC already having

good linkage with the government has established a system of

regular interaction with them to keep them updated regularly on

the progress of the project. Inputs from the government in

terms of support and resources are utilized.

Golden Peacock Award: JK Lakshmi Cement Ltd. has been

selected as the winner of the ‘Golden Peacock Award for

Corporate Social Responsibility for the year 2007’ by the

Golden Peacock Award Jury, under the Chairmanship of Justice P

N Bhagwati, former Chief Justice of India and Member UN Human

Rights Commission and Co-Chairmanship of Justice M N

Venkatchaliah, former Chief Justice of India.

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Bill Clinton discussing Health Smart Card with CII-IDF representatives

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2004

Initiatives with Corporates for ‘Access to Care & Treatment (ACT)’ in

HIV/AIDS

Access to Care & Treatment’ is a HIV/AIDS

project being implemented in Tamil Nadu,

Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra,

Nagaland and Manipur. This project is funded

by the Global Fund Round 4 programme and the Population

Foundation of India is the Principal Recipient of funds for the

NGOs/private sector. Under the aegis of the Project ‘ACT’,

Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) undertook three main

initiatives:

1. Advocacy with the private sector for mainstreaming HIV/

AIDS issues

2. Advocating for and facilitating the setting up of private

sector supported Anti Retroviral Treatment (ART) centres.

3. Testing the feasibility of the ‘Health Smart Card’- an

innovative IT-solution for monitoring patients and the

disease progression

The main purpose of the advocacy initiative has been:

• To sensitize the private sector on HIV/AIDS

• To accelerate the response of businesses to HIV/AIDS

• To engage the private sector in the entire continuum of

prevention, care, treatment and support for HIV/AIDS,

with special focus on treatment

Conferences were held with from large corporates, small and

medium-sized enterprises, government (National AIDS Control

Organisation and State AIDS Control Societies) and national and

international NGOs. The current country scenario of HIV/AIDS,

the response of the government to tackle the problem and the need

for the private sector to step-in in every possible capacity to join

the fight against the deadly virus. The need for corporates to

spruce up their current initiatives in the area of HIV/AIDS and to

actively participate in providing access to care and treatment for

patients suffering from HIV/AIDS was stressed upon. FGDs were

organized at various locations in different states and primarily

focused on:

i. One-to-one advocacy with corporates/private hospitals

for setting up ART centres

ii. Understanding and assessing the existing infrastructure

and the profile of services at the corporate/private health

facility to determine the appropriateness and

preparedness of the facility to start ART services

iii. Brainstorming with experts on HIV/AIDS from different

backgrounds to work out the best possible models for

setting up ART centres

iv. Facilitating discussions between the corporates involved

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in setting up ART centres and representatives from

Indian Network for People Living with HIV/AIDS (INP+)

and Distrct Level Networks (DLNs)

Small group meetings were also held. The main agenda for

these small group meetings was:

i. Discuss in detail with interested corporate sector

representatives the need for setting up an ART center,

the requirements at the ART centre and the costs

involved in setting it up

ii. Discuss various issues in operationalizing the ART

centres

The Associated Cement Companies Ltd. (ACC):

As a result of public private partnership, The

Associated Cement Companies Ltd. (ACC) came

forward for combating HIV/AIDS under the

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). ACC has taken two steps

the first was to adopt workplace policy for HIV/AIDS for the

fundamental human rights of employees affected by HIV/AIDS,

which also enunciate care for their treatment. The policy

recommends awareness programmes for employees, their families

and the community including the high-prevalence groups. The

second important step was to set up Anti Retroviral Treatment

(ART) centres for the treatment of persons affected with HIV/

AIDS in two states Karnataka and Tamilnadu where the virus is

most prevalent. The first ART center located at Wadi, Karnataka

is functional. It also includes a Voluntary Counseling and Testing

Centre. The Wadi ART and VCTC center caters to the general

public living in Wadi and surrounding districts in the region. The

project conforms to guidelines stipulated by the National AIDS

Control Organization (NACO), Government of India. The building

housing the ART center was constructed on an independent piece

of land close to Wadi Railway Station. The center is fully equipped

with new machines and medical equipment as prescribed by NACO

ART guidelines. These include a state-of-the Art CD4/ CD8 cell

counting machine, making this the only center in the region with

such a machine. The Wadi ART Centre has a full complement of

medical and support personnel - doctor, nurse, lab technicians and

other staff. The doctors have been trained at Christian Medical

College, Vellore. Antiretroviral drugs are being arranged through

National AIDS Control Organization of the Government of India.

ACC has also signed an agreement with Christian Medical College,

Vellore to start second ART center. The services for prevention,

care, support and treatment are being scaled up under the ACC-

CMC Trust for Infectious Diseases. The trust deed for the same

has been signed.

BILT ART center at Ballarshah, Chandrapur,

Maharashtra:

CII signed another MoU with Ballarpur

Industries Limited (BILT) to set up an ART

center at Ballarshah, Chandrapur district in

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Maharashtra. The ART center is housed in the BILT plant hospital

and accessible by the community for the services. Referral linkages

have been established to provide the chain of services. Linkages

have also been established with the respective DLN. Center has

been assessed by NACO and would be a “NACO designated ART

center”. An agreement has been signed with NACO for provision

of rapid test kits, ARVs (first line) and drugs for Opportunistic

Infections. Counseling services in the center has been started to

the community in and around Ballarshah. 110 people have received

counseling on absenteeism, addiction and HIV/AIDS. 12 cases

were referred to VCTC. 3 cases were tested for HIV and one found

to be HIV positive. Community outreach programs are also in

place to facilitate increased access to the ART center.

ART Center at Godrej Memorial Hospital, Godrej & Boyce

Manufacturing Limited:

An agreement has been signed between CII and

Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Limited for

setting up the ART center at Vikhroli, Mumbai,

Maharashtra. The ART center is being established as part of the

110 bedded Godrej Memorial Hospital at Vikhroli, Mumbai. The

ART center at the hospital will cover the huge catchment area

between Vikhroli and Thane areas in Maharashtra.

India Development Foundation:

Confederation of Indian Industry in collaboration with

the India Development Foundation developed the

health smart card, as an innovative solution to capturing real-

time health data with an in-built robust system for maintaining

confidentiality and security of the information.

The key benefits of the health smart card are that it:

- Acts as a portable medical record;

- Plays a crucial role in time-sensitive emergency situations;

- Ensures data privacy and confidentiality;

- Ensures security and protection to sensitive information;

- Facilitates easy storage of data;

- Gives a cheaper alternative for storing data using the

latest technology;

- Generates a set of important MIS reports.

The health smart card has additional advantages for the HIV/

AIDS program, because-

- Much of the affected population is mobile;

- Monitoring of treatment to ensure adherence to the

treatment plan is essential to prevent the patient from

becoming drug resistant;

- The patient’s information has to be kept confidential given

the current prejudices regarding the disease;

- There is a scope for misusing ARVs, which are very

expensive and heavily subsidised by the government.

The feasibility study done at Indian Spinal Injuries Centre (ISIC),

Vasant Kunj, New Delhi had following objectives:

i. Technical feasibility of the health smart card system

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ii. Operational feasibility of the health smart card system

iii. User-acceptability of the system, with both- doctors and patients

Main Findings of the study were:

i. The system was found to be technically and operationally

feasible.

ii. Doctors were comfortable using the system and thought there

was a potential for scaling it up.

iii. Patients were very excited with the idea of having all their

information handy in the smart cards.

Problems faced and lessons learnt during the study:

i. Doctor forgets to get his card to the hospital everyday:

ii. Patient forgets to get his / her card on every visit:

iii. There is a chance of human error in data collection:

iv. Technical snags could happen anytime while operating the

system:

v. Other departments of the hospital (Admission desk,

appointments desk etc.) were not very cooperative in facilitating

the pilot

Further the pilot study conducted at the ART centres at Dr. RML

Hospital and L.R.S. Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory

Diseases, New Delhi had the following objectives:

i. To assess the scalability of the health smart card system

ii. To test the system in a networked environment

iii. To test the user-acceptability with a larger sample

Problems faced and lessons learnt during the study:

1. There were technical problems with the computers rented for

the purpose of the pilot study

2. Some of the patient’s important information needed for the

health smart card system is not being captured in the manual

records at the ART centres

3. ART registration number is being captured in different formats

at the two ART centres

4. There is a chance of human error while entering data

5. Patient’s proxy may visit the center for collection of drugs:

6. Patient might not be able to validate his/her biometrics if the

finger is mutilated:

Doctors/ hospital administrators might want to access patients’

data in absence of patients for advising patients on the phone/

academic research/ decision-making

7. After visiting one ART centre, the patient could take the

health smart card to another ART centre and ask for drugs

again.

8. A registered patient could present himself/herself as a new

patient at another ART centre, without the health smart card

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2007

Improving Reproductive & Child Health Status of the Tribals in Noamundi

Block in West Singhbhum District of Jharkhand

Krishi Gram Vikas Kendra (KGVK), a

non-governmental voluntary organization,

was established in the year 1972 and was

registered as a society under the Society

Registration Act 1860 on 14 April, 1977 as part

of corporate social responsibility of Usha Martin

Group. KGVK is a member of Jharkhand Health Society (JHS)

and is also a Mother NGO for four districts of Jharkhand (Bokaro,

Hazaribagh, Gumla and Lohardaga). KGVK has two 30-bedded

rural hospitals in Ranchi district to which the Government of

Jharkhand has posted Government doctors and provided mobile

medical vans for health service delivery to remote areas. KGVK

has implemented RH, HIV/AIDS and child survival programmes

with assistance from CEDPA, National Foundation of India, State

Dept. of Health and Family Welfare, ICDS, Jharkhand State AIDS

Control Society (JSACS), MOST India, FUTURES Group, ICICI

Bank, International Finance Corporation (IFC), USA, CARE etc

and have got technical support from Johns Hopkins University,

Baltimore USA. They have been working in Ranchi, East

Singhbhum, West Singhbhum, Dumka & Dhanbad districts in

Jharkhand state.

tribals in Noamundi Block in West Singhbhum District of

Jharkhand in 2007. This project will be implemented over a period

of three years in 36 villages covering nearly 29,000 population.

The objectives of the project are -

• To generate awareness among eligible couple (women in the

age group 15-49 years of age) on Family Planning/Reproductive

& Child Health issues.

KGVK in partnership with PFI has initiated RCH project for the

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• To promote use of modern contraceptives by eligible couple

trained male health worker who is identified from each

by providing a basket of choices for child spacing and

Panchayat. He carries out one to one and group meetings

achieving families.

with men, promote male involvement and manage supply

• To create community based mechanisms and linkages for

chain for social marketing.

improved health services and referrals for maternal and child • The project encourages formation of various stakeholder

care.

groups in the community like SHGs and adolescent groups.

• To build capacities of adolescents in reproductive health issues

and positive health seeking behavior.

The methodology & key activities are as follows-

Peer educators from these groups are selected, trained and

involved in support of project activities. Exposure visits will

be organized for them. Kishore-kishori mela will also be

organized once a year in each cluster.

• 36 villages are divided into 6 clusters each for service delivery. • The focus of BCC is to create demand and community based

In addition RH issues & project management community

mechanisms (collective action) and linkages for improved

mobilization, collation of data, liaisoning with the government

health seeking behaviour.

are being done.

• RCH and family planning services are being provided

• Village Health Committees (VHCs) are being formed in all

periodically at identified points in the clusters using a mobile

villages with at least 50% women and trained. VHCs select

van. The van also serve to transport government ANMs to

Saahiyas (ASHAs) and Male Health Workers. Each VHC

inaccessible places. Home-based delivery are being taken care

gets a revolving fund for social marketing of health products

of by ANMs and Saahiyaas. Linkage with the government

and filter for safe drinking water (Srijal). The VHCs meet

are done for female sterilization and. NSV camps to be

monthly and take community feed back.

conducted with the help of Government and KGVK doctors

• The Saahiyas are being trained on RH issues, data collection

and BCC. They act as depot holders for contraceptives and

child health care products. Saahiyas with support of project

who would be trained on NSV at Ranchi KGVK. The project

also maps other existing facilities for referrals. Village Health

Kosh will be set up for any health emergencies.

staff liaise with government front-line level workers to provide • The project is making efforts to help community avail the

quality RH services. The Saahiyas are being supported by a

benefit of Janani Suraksha Yojana also. The project is also

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making efforts towards mobilizing untied funds of government • There will be both process documentation as well as outcome/

for improving the infrastructure at the sub-centre level. A

out put documentation during the project period. Workshops

small provision has, however, been built in the project for

will be held with government and other stakeholders to share

giving necessary equipments and small infrastructural

the learning of the project. Their support will be sought in

emprovement.

giving guidance, assuring supplies and scaling up of the

• As and when ISRO provides V-SAT terminal at Bokna, it

programme.

will be utilized for tele-medicine with the help of Bada Jamda

Hospital.

“I invite corporate India to be a partner in

making ours a more humane and just society.

We need a new Partnership for Inclusive

Growth based on what I describe as a Ten

Point Social Charter”

Manmohan Singh

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The Way Forward

A large section of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in

India continues to operate within the welfare model.

However, the winds of change are evident primarily with leadership

from business houses, young entrepreneurship and emerging

corporates. Simultaneously the old guard i.e. the older corporate

houses are increasingly investing in developing a more strategic

CSR portfolio i.e. integrating CSR and business.

Corporates today are vigilant and questioning regarding how their

support/ funds are utilized. There is emphasis on ensuring that

financial support reaches the needy and that the process of

professionally managing partnerships is with credible organizations/

institutions. Along with this new and more professional approach

to CSR there is increased collaboration between corporates and

the other pillars of the civil society such as NGOs, media,

legislators and the government. Corporate associations like FICCI,

ASSOCHAM and CII increasingly play an important role towards

furthering collaborations by providing platforms for the multi

stakeholder dialogue and advocacy.

There remains scope for greater direct involvement of corporates

through a more active and professional CSR, which is in tune

with the needs of the region/ country. There is an urgent need for

corporate and NGOs to build and strengthen technical expertise

and knowledge cross learning. Corporates also need to develop

new ways of working with the government.

The corporate partnership programmes of the Population

Foundation of India reflects the changing nature of 11 reproductive

health programmes and the paradigm shift from a welfare model

to a more integrated approach of health service delivery. This is

reflected in the nature and type of corporate partnerships that

the Foundation supported and was part of in its early years

particularly in the 70s and 80s. As evident, these efforts at

development prescribed a welfare approach in providing community

services including health services. Over the years the health

programmes reflect the changing nature of corporate partnership

i.e. from a narrow approach of providing family planning or family

welfare services to ensuring access to integrated, available and

quality reproductive and child health services. This approach

focuses on family planning within an integrated reproductive and

child health programme approach with greater emphasis on other

concerns of economic and social development, which are important

for creating an enabling environment. The programmes reflect

the moving away from purely service delivery to an increased

community centred need based programme. Another positive aspect

of the programmes is the inclusion of emerging concerns in

reproductive health such as adolescent health, male participation

and HIV/AIDS.

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One of the learnings of the Foundation has been that CSR in

India is yet to mature completely as compared to those in other

countries. This is because CSR in India is still in a rather confused

state with each company/corporate house defining it in its own

way. Most often what is considered as CSR by a corporate is

philanthropy. Social responsibility should be differentiated from

philanthropy. CSR should directly address the core value of the

corporate, which in turn will also ensure sustainability. With

respect to CSR in reproductive health following are some of the

broad areas of both a need and an opportunity to encourage,

involve and integrate corporate core value to build a health

community. This would require looking beyond an efficiency model

to an empowerment model, which integrates business with

community need to add value. With the Prime Minister’s call to

corporates to invest in social responsibility to reduce inequalities

in the society, there is a greater need for corporates to invest in

social development to help the country in its progress and

development.

PFI needs to make use of this changing climate of cooperation

between corporates and other agencies to strengthen its corporate

partnership. Following are the key areas that the Foundation is

exploring in partnership with corporates.

1. Strategic Partnerships

PFI needs to consolidate its collaboration with corporates. As

mentioned earlier, PFI’s current efforts with corporates are

diversely spread geographically and dependent and defined by

individual need and requirement of the corporate. The Foundation

needs to move away from this limiting approach and adopt a

more comprehensive integrated issue based approach with a focus

on addressing reproductive and child health needs. PFI has already

made a beginning in this direction with its partnership with

KGVK in Jharkhand in integrating reproductive and child health

and its business initiative.

2. Technical Assistance

Technical support is one of the emerging needs among corporates.

PFI has an opportunity to provide technical support to corporates

to help build and strength their RCH, Family Planning and HIV/

AIDS activities. The nature of this would include training

corporates in programming, developing guidelines and tools. Such

support would also involve identifying research needs in existing

and new programmes in order to build evidence. In order to cater

to the technical needs of corporates especially in the area of

reproductive health, PFI has started a CSR portfolio in the

Foundation.

3. Advocacy

PFI have been undertaking advocacy efforts with government,

civil society, media and corporates to ensure gender equity and

access to quality family planning and reproductive and child

health services. The Foundation today recognises the need for an

advocacy strategy for and with corporates that would provide

valuable inputs in advocating with the central government and

state governments for scaling up of corporate programmes.

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4. Scaling up

Corporate programmes are often limited to their captive factory

areas and surroundings or in future business areas. The models

and some of the promising practices implemented remains with

them and needs to be documented and disseminated for adoption

by others in public and private sector. There is a need to scale up

such programmes across the district, state or region. These would

then have the benefit of programmes, which lead to overall

development of the region/community.

“Every company has a special continuing

responsibility towards the people of the

areas in which it is located and in which

its employees and their families live. In

every city, town or village, large or

small, there is always a need for

improvement, for help, for relief,

for leadership and for guidance”

JRD Tata

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