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HIV AIDS Chartbook Andhra Pradesh 2006

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2 Pages 11-20

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HIV AIDS Chartbook Andhra Pradesh 2006

1 Pages 1-10

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.acts, .igures and Response

HIV/AIDS

ANDHRA PRADESH

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

stx sQ¸¶R Vqx sWÀÁNPR

Message ................................................................................... 3

Preface ..................................................................................... 4

HIV/AIDS in Andhra Pradesh ................................................... 5

How Widespread is HIV/AIDS in Andhra Pradesh? ................ 6

High-risk Behaviour and Bridge Groups ................................ 11

Knowledge and Prevention .................................................... 12

Commercial Sex Work in Andhra Pradesh ............................ 13

Casual Partners ...................................................................... 15

Sexually Transmitted Diseases .............................................. 16

Testing and Counseling .......................................................... 17

Testing and Treatment ............................................................ 18

APSACS: Working to Prevent HIV ........................................ 19

APSACS: The AASHA Campaign ......................................... 20

Targeted Interventions ............................................................ 21

Partners in Prevention ............................................................ 22

qx sLi®µ¶a[ PR Li ........................................................................................................................... 3

úmx sryó ªs« ©s« ........................................................................................................................... 4

ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`PÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s./.sLiVV²`¶= ............................................................................... 5

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = ªyùzmsò .sÍØ DLiµj¶ ................................................ c6

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@ªs« gS¤x ¦¦¦©s« , ¬sªyLRißá .................................................................................................... 12

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mx sLkiORPQ, N_®©s=ÖÁLigi` ......................................................................................................... 17

xmsLkiORPQ, ÀÁNTP»R½= ................................................................................................................ 18

.s.zms..sq£ s..s.zqs..sq£ siM |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ¬sªyLiR ßáNPR V NPR XztsQ ......................................................... 19

.s.zms..sq£ s..s.zqs..sq£ s.iM AaPR úmx s¿yLiR NSLRiùúNRPª«sVLi................................................................ 20

¬sLôjiQxtísQ ÌÁORPQùLi»][ NRPW²T¶©«s ¿RÁLRiùÌÁV ................................................................................ 21

¬sªyLiR ßá NPR XztsQÍÜ[ ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁV ................................................................................. 22

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MESSAGE

qx sLi®µ¶a[ PR Li

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PREFACE

úmx sryó ªs« ©s«

HIV/AIDS poses a serious, unprecedented, health threat to the

population of Andhra Pradesh. This chartbook is intended to

inform a wide audience on the situation of HIV/AIDS in Andhra

Pradesh and the state’s response to it. It presents the latest

information on HIV/AIDS in the state in a clear and concise

manner for as wide an audience as possible.

Andhra Pradesh is considered one of India’s high prevalence

HIV/AIDS states and has responded to the disease with a wide-

ranging programme consisting of information and education,

targeted interventions, testing for HIV infection, treatment and

many others.

This bilingual chartbook has been produced jointly by the

Population Foundation of India, New Delhi, the Andhra Pradesh

State AIDS Control Society, Hyderabad, and the Population

Reference Bureau, Washington, DC. Information is a key

component in preventing HIV and we sincerely hope that this

publication will play a valuable role in this effort.

December 2005

A.R. Nanda

Executive Director

Population Foundation of India

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HIV/AIDS IN ANDHRA PRADESH

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With 76.2 million people as of the

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2001 Census, Andhra Pradesh is

India’s fifth most populous state. It

is also considered one of the

country’s six high HIV/AIDS-

prevalence states. The others are

neighboring Karnataka,

Maharashstra, and Tamil Nadu,

along with Manipur and Nagaland.

According to the 2001 Census,

27.3 percent of the state’s

population lives in urban areas and

Adilabad

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Nizamabad

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60.5 percent of the population,

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ages 7 and higher, is literate.

The annual sentinel site

Anantapur

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Cuddapah

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Nellore

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@ORPQLSxqsVùÌÁV.

surveillance programme is the main

source of data regarding the level

Chittoor

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LStx sí QûLiÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. B®©söéQORPQ©s± róyLiVVNPT

of HIV infection in the state. The

state’s series of HIV Risk Behaviour

Surveillance Surveys (BSS) are

also an important source of

information on the factors affecting

the spread of the disease and are a

basis for assessing the impact of

Districts having a prevalence of 1 percent or more among antenatal care

clinic attendees, 2005

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qx sªs« W¿yLS¬sõ @Liµ¶j Li¿ÁR ²¶R LiÍÜ[ LStx sí QûLi »½R LiR ¿ÁR VgS

prevention programmes.

APSACS

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qx slLi*[ ÛÍÁ©s± = qx slLi*[ q£ s (|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. úmx sªs« Wµ¶R Li DLi®²¶[

Out of 5.1 million estimated cases of HIV/AIDS in India

about 10 percent are in Andhra Pradesh. (NACO)

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úmx sªs« LiR ©ò s« ÌÁ|\\ ms ¬smx sn W mx sLij bPd ÌÁ©s« ÌÁV c ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ s.)

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HOW WIDESPREAD IS HIV/AIDS IN ANDHRA PRADESH?

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Since India lacks complete

reporting on deaths and the

occurrence of serious diseases, the

extent of HIV infection in the

country is monitored through the

sentinel site surveillance

programme. Surveillance is carried

out annually by the Andhra Pradesh

State AIDS Control Society

(APSACS), which tests for infection

at designated sentinel sites

following the methods prescribed

by the NACO.

Testing for infection is conducted

among populations at higher risk of

HIV, represented by patients at

sexually transmitted disease (STD)

clinics; commercial sex workers

(CSWs); and men who have sex

with men (MSM). Populations at

lower risk are represented by

women attending antenatal clinics

(ANCs). Pregnant women attending

antenatal clinics are assumed to

have the same risk of sexual

transmission of HIV as any other

sexually active general population

group. There were 65 sentinel sites

covering all 23 districts in 2005.

Percent HIV-positive at Sentinel Sites in

Andhra Pradesh, 2004 and 2005

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ¬[ s ¬smx sn W ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁÍÜ[ 2004, 2005 qx sLiªs« »½R =LSÌÁÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s.

.yÑÁÉÁÓ ªs± ªs« ùNPR VÌò Á aS»½R Li

Number

of Sites

ZNP[LiúµyÌÁ

xqsLiÅÁù

Percent

Positive

2004

.yÑÁÉÓÁª±s aS»R½Li

2004

Percent

Positive

2005

.yÑÁÉÓÁª±s aS»R½Li

2005

Antenatal clinics (urban)

2.0

.s..s©s± .zqs. NýPT ¬sN`PÌÁV (xmsÈíÁßá ú.yLi»yÌÁV)

Antenatal clinics (rural)

1.3

1.0

.s..s©s± .zqs. NPTý ¬sNP` ÌÁV (úgSsd Vßá ú.yLi»yÌÁV)

Antenatal clinic (ages 15-24) 1

1.5

1.8

.s..s©±s.zqs. NýTP¬sN`PÌÁV (15-24 qx sLiªs« »½R =LSÌÁV)

STD clinics

16.4

22.8

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Female sex workers

ªs« Vz¤¦¦¦ÎØ |qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V

14.0

12.8

MSM

.sLi..s£qs..sLi.ÌÁV

16.0

6.5

Tuberculosis site

ORPQ¸R¶V ÀÁNTP»R½= ZNP[LiúµyÌÁV

11.0

Total

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úmx s¼½ qx sLiªs« »½R =LiR Li ¬sLijô Qtx sí Q ú.yLi»yÌÁÍÜ[ ÇØ¼½d ¸¶R V

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xmsµóR¶»R½VÌÁ©«sV .yÉÓÁxqsWò N]¬sõ ¬sLñki»R½ ZNP[LiúµyÌÁÍÜ[

¬sxmsn W NSLRiùúNPR ª«sVLi úNTPLiµR¶ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. B®©söéQORPQ©s±

xmsLkiORPQÌÁV ¬sLRi*z¤¦¦¦xqsVò©«sõµj¶.

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. r¡ZNP[ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R Li .sNPR Väªs« gS D©s« õ

ªs« ùNRPVÌò Á©«sV @LiÛÉÁ[ Û\\ÍÁLigjiNRP ªyùµ³R¶VÌÁ ¬sªyLiR ßØ

ZNP[LiúµyÌÁÍÜ[ ÀÁNTP»R½= .~LiµR¶V»R½V©«sõ L][gRiVÌÁV, |qsN`P=

ªs« LiR äLiRý V, qx s*ÖÁLigiR qx sLimx sLiR VäÌÁV ®ªsVVµ¶R Û\\ÍÁ©s« ªyLij ¬s

mx sLik OPT QLi¿ÁR ²¶R Li ÇÁLiR VgiR V»]L[ iµ¶j . úmx sqx sW¼½ mx spLiR *

ÀÁNTP»y= ZNP[LiúµyÌÁNRPV ª«sÂ¿Á[è ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁ©«sV »R½NRPVäª«s

úmx sªs« Wµ¶R Li D©s« õ ªyLij gS mx sLij giR ßáÓ Li¿ÁR ²¶R Li

ÇÁLRiVgRiV»][Liµj¶. úmx sxqsW¼½ xmspLiR * ÀÁNPT »y=

ZNP[LiúµyÌÁNRPV ª«sÂ¿Á[è gRiLji÷éßÔá {qsòQûÌÁNRPV xqsª«sWÇÁLiÍÜ[¬s

sVgRi»y ÇÁ©yË³ØNRPV ÍØlgi[ Û\\ÍÁLigjiNRPLigS |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s.

ªyùzmsLiÂ¿Á[ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R Li DLiÈÁVLiµ¶R ¬s

Ë³ØsLi¿RÁÊÁ²R¶V»][Liµj¶. 2005 qx sLiªs« »½R =LiR LiÍÜ[

®ªsVV»R½òLi 23 ÑÁÍØý ÌÁÍÜ[ C ¬smx sn W ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁV 65

ªs« LiR NPR V D©yõLiVV.

APSACS

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HOW WIDESPREAD IS HIV/AIDS IN ANDHRA PRADESH?

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = ªyùzmsò .sÍØ DLiµ¶j ?

An important group to look at when

assessing the severity of the HIV

epidemic is STD patients. When 5

percent of more of a group at high-

risk for contracting HIV (such as

STD patients) test positive, the

state in which the group is located

is considered to have a medium

prevalence HIV epidemic. While

HIV prevalence among STD

patients in Andhra Pradesh has

been well above 5 percent for the

past several years, the five-year

trend on sentinel site data suggest

declining prevalence among this

group.

And, when 1 percent or more of the

low-risk group—women attending

antenatal clinics—also test positive

for HIV, the state is considered to

have a high prevalence HIV

epidemic. It is assumed that the

great majority of pregnant women

do not engage in risky sexual

behaviour, HIV infection in this

group indicates that HIV has

spread into the general population.

Over the last seven years sentinel

surveillance data in Andhra

Pradesh shows that prevalence in

this group has consistently

remained greater than 1 percent.

Percent of STD Patients At Sentinel Sites Testing Positive for HIV

Andhra Pradesh, 1998 - 2005

ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`PÍÜ[ 1998 ©s« VLiÀÁ 2005 ª«sLRiNRPV ¬sxmnsW xqósÍØÌÁÍÜ[ \\ÛÍÁLigjiNRP ªyùµ³j¶úgRixqsVòÖÁõ

mx sLkiOTPQLiÀÁ©«smx söV²R¶V |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. D©«sõÈÁí V ¾»½[ÖÁ©s« ªyLji aS»R½Li

21.6

29.5

30.0

26.6

30.4

19.6

16.4

22.8

1998 1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

APSACS

Percent of Pregnant Women at ANC Sentinel Sites Testing

Positive for HIV, Andhra Pradesh, 1998 - 2005

ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`PÍÜ[ 1998 ©s« VLiÀÁ 2005 ªs« LiR NPR V ¬smx sn W qx só ÍØÌÁÍÜ[ úmx sqx sªs« mx spLiR * qx sLiLiR OPR Qßá

ZNP[LiúµyÌÁÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. D©«sõÈíÁV xmsLkiORPQÌÁÍÜ[ ¾»½[ÖÁ©«s gRiLji÷éßÔá {qsòQûÌÁ aS»R½Li

2.25

2.63

2.00

1.50

1.25 1.25

2.00 2.00

1998 1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

.sNRPVäªs« úmx sª«sWµ¶R NPR LiR zqsó ¼½ÍÜ[ DLi®²¶[ INPR

qx sªs« VW¤x ¦¦¦LiÍÜ[ 5 ÛÍÁ[µy @Li»R½NRPLiÛÉÁ[ .sNRPVäª«s aS»R½Li

ª«sVLiµj¶NTP (Dµyx¤¦¦¦LRißáNTP \\ÛÍÁLigjiNRP ªyùµ³j¶gRixqsVòÌÁV)

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. xmsLik ORPQÍÜ[ .yÑÁÉÁÓ ª±s @¬s ¾»½[ÖÁ¾»½[ A

LSuyí û¬sõ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ¼½d úªs« »½R ªs« Vµ¶R³ ùqx só LigS D©s« õ

LStx sí QûLigS mx sLij giR ßáÓ ryLò iR V. ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ giR »½R N]¬sõ

xqsLiª«s»R½=LSÌÁVgS \\ÛÍÁLigjiNRP ªyùµ³j¶úgRixqsVòÌÁÍÜ[ 5 aS»R½Li

NRPLiÛÉÁ[ .sNRPVäª«s ª«sVLiµj¶NTP |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. r¡NTP©«sÈýÁVgS

¾»½ÌÁVr¡òLiµj¶. NSgS gRi»R½ 5 qx sLiªs« »½R =LSÌÁVgS ¬smx sn W

ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁ qx sªs« W¿yLiR Li úmx sNSLiR Li C qx sªs« VW¤x ¦¦¦LiÍÜ[

ªyùµ³j¶ ªyùzmsò »R½gæRiVª«sVVÅÁLi xmsÉíÓÁ©«sÈíÁV ¾»½ÌÁVr¡òLiµj¶.

»R½NRPVäª«s úxmsª«sWµR¶NRPLRi zqôðs¼½ÍÜ[ DLi®²¶[ xqsª«sVWx¤¦¦¦LiÍÜ[

@LiÛÉÁ[ úmx sxqsW¼½ mx spLiR * ÀÁNPT »y= ZNP[LiúµyÌÁNRPV

¥¦¦¦ÇÁLRiª«so»R½V©«sõ ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁÍÜ[ INRP aS»R½Li ÛÍÁ[µy

@Li»R½NRPLiÛÉÁ[ .sNRPVäª«s aS»R½Li ª«sVLiµj¶NTP |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s.

D©«sõÈíÁV mx sLik ORPQÌÁÍÜ[ ¾»½[ÖÁ¾»½,[ A LSuyí û¬sõ

|¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. ¼d½úª«s»R½ @»R½ùµ³j¶NRPLigS D©«sõ LSxtísQûLigS

xmsLjigRißÓáryòLRiV. gRiLji÷éßÔá {qsòQûÌÁÍÜ[ @»R½ùµ³j¶NRPVÌÁV

úxmsª«sWµR¶NRPLRi \\ÛÍÁLigjiNRP úxmsª«sLRiò©«sNRPV µR¶WLRiLigS DLiÉØLRiV

@¬s ËØ³ sLiÀÁ, ªyLij ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ªyùµ¶j³

NRP¬szmsLiÀÁLiµR¶LiÛÉÁ[ @NRPä²R¶ ryµ³yLRißá ÇÁ©yË³ØÍÜ[

NRPW²y |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. ªyùzmsLiÀÁ©«sÛÉíÁ[. @LiVV¾»½[ gRi»R½

G²¶R V qx sLiªs« »½R =LSÌÁVgS sd Lij ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ªyùzmsò

lLi[ÈÁV INRP aS»R½Li NRPLiÛÉÁ[ .sNRPVäª«sgS ©«s®ªsWµR¶ª«so»R½W

D©s« õÈÁý V ¬smx sn W ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁ qx sªs« W¿yLiR Li

¾»½ÖÁ¸R¶VÛÇÁ[xqsVòLiµj¶.

APSACS

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

4/1/2006, 6:28 PM

1.8 Page 8

▲back to top

HOW WIDESPREAD IS HIV/AIDS IN ANDHRA PRADESH?

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = ªyùzmsò .sÍØ DLiµ¶j ?

Of the state’s 23 districts, 19 have

HIV prevalence of 1 percent of

more among ANC women. This is

further evidence that HIV is now

infecting those in the general

population. This movement of HIV

out of high-risk groups and into

low-risk groups requires

continuously expanded efforts to

inform and educate the public of

the new threat of HIV. For the

purpose of this report, district wise

prevalence has been estimated

using urban and rural data.

HIV in the General Population:

Percent of Women Attending Antenatal Clinics Who

Tested Positive for HIV, Andhra Pradesh, 2005

ryµy³ LiR ßá úmx sÇÁÌÁÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s.:

úxmsxqsW¼½ xmspLRi* xqsLiLRiORPQßØZNP[LiúµyÌÁNRPV ¥¦¦¦ÇÁLRi¹¸¶[Vù ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s.

r¡NTP©«sÈíÁV ¾»½[ÖÁ©«s ªyLji aS»R½Li, ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2005

District

ÑÁÍØý

Urban

mx sÈÁí ßá ú.yLi»½R Li

West Godavari xmsbPèª«sV g][µyª«sLji 3.25

Khammam ÅÁª«sVøLi

3.50

Prakasam úxmsNSaRPLi

2.50

Guntur

gRiVLiÈÁWLRiV

3.00

East Godavari »½R WLiR Vö g]µ[ yªs« Lij 2.75

Hyderabad \\|¤¦¦¦µR¶LSËØµ`¶

2.00

Nalgonda

©«sÍæÜLi²R¶

2.75

Krishna

NRPXuñy

2.00

Rangareddy LRiLigSlLi²ïT¶

1.75

Nizamabad ¬sÇØª«sWËØµ`¶

0.75

Vizianagaram sÇÁ¸R¶V©«sgRiLRiLi 2.00

Warangal

ª«sLRiLigRiÍÞ

2.50

Chittoor

ÀÁ»R½WòLRiV

1.25

Visakhapatnam saSÅÁxmsÈíÁßáLi

2.50

Medak

®ªsVµR¶N`P

2.00

Karimnagar NRPLkiLi©«sgRiL`i

2.25

Adilabad

Aµj¶ÍØËØµ`¶

1.75

Anantapur @©«sLi»R½xmspL`i

1.75

Nellore

®©sÌýÁWLRiV

1.50

Srikakulam $NSNRPVÎÏÁLi

1.50

Kurnool

NRPLRiWõÌÁV

1.50

Cuddapah NRP²R¶xms

0.75

Mahbubnagar ªs« V¤x ¦¦¦ÊÁWËÞ ©s« giR Li` 0.25

Rural

úgSsd Vßá ú.yLi»½R Li

3.00

2.25

3.25

2.50

2.25

1.00

1.50

2.50

1.25

0.75

2.00

0.50

0.72

0.57

1.00

0.75

0.25

0.00

0.50

0.25

Total

®ªsVV»½R Lò

3.14

2.88

2.75

2.50

2.00

1.88

1.75

1.63

1.60

1.50

1.48

1.47

1.38

1.13

0.88

0.75

0.63

0.25

APSACS

LStx sí QûLiÍÜ¬[ s ®ªsVV»½R Lò i 23 ÑÁÍØý ÌÁNPR VgS©s« V 19

ÑÁÍýØÌÁÍÜ[ gRiLji÷éßÔáá{qsòQûÌÁÍÜ[ INRP aS»R½LiÛÍÁ[µy

@Li»R½NRPLiÛÉÁ[ .sNRPVäª«s aS»R½Li ª«sVLiµj¶ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s.

DLiµ¶j . ryµy³ LiR ßá ÇÁ©yËØ³ NPR W²y Bmx söV²¶R V

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ËØLij ©s« mx s²¶R V»½R V©s« õ stx sQ¸¶R W¬sõ Bµ¶j

qx sWÀÁr¡Lò iµ¶j . .sNPR Väªs« úmx sªs« Wµ¶R NPR LiR zqsó ¼½ÍÜ¬[ s

ª«sùNRPVòÌÁ©«sVLiÀÁ »R½NRPVäª«s úxmsª«sWµR¶NRPLRi zqós¼½ÍÜ[¬s

ªs« ùNPR VÌò ÁNRPV |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. sqx sLò jixqsVò©s« õ Lki»yù C N]»½R ò

úxmsª«sWµ¶R Li giR VLjiLiÀÁ úxmsÇØ¬sd NS¬sNPT ¬sLRiLi»R½LRiLi

sqx sQòX»½R LigS qx sªs« W¿yLS¬sõ @Liµ¶j qx sWò @ªs« gS¤x ¦¦¦©s«

NPR ÖÁöLi¿yÖÁ=©s« @ªs« qx sLiR Li DLiµ¶j . C ¬s®ªsµ[ ¶j NPR N]qx[ sLi

mx sÈÁí ßá, úgSsd Vßá ú.yLi»yÌÁ giR ßØLiNSÌÁ©s« V

s¬s¹¸¶Wgij LiÀÁ ÑÁÍØý ÌÁ ªyLij gS ªyùµ¶j³ ªyùzms¬ò s

@Li¿RÁ©y ®ªs[¸R¶V²R¶Li ÇÁLjigjiLiµj¶.

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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1.9 Page 9

▲back to top

HOW WIDESPREAD IS HIV/AIDS IN ANDHRA PRADESH?

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = ªyùzmsò .sÍØ DLiµ¶j ?

Percent Testing Positive for HIV in Andhra Pradesh and at the

Four VCTCs with the Highest and Lowest Prevalence

April 2004 to March 2005

ALiúµ³R¶úmx s®µ¶[a`PÍÜ[¬s xqs*¿RÁèéLiµR¶ N_®©s=ÖÁLigi` , mx sLkiOSQ ZNP[LiúµyÌÁÍÜ[ (s.zqs.ÉÓÁ.zqs.ÌÁV) GúzmsÍÞ 2004

The number of people found

©s« VLiÀÁ ªs« WLij è 2005 ª«sLRiNRPV ¬sLRi*z¤¦¦¦LiÀÁ©«s xmsLkiORPQÌÁÍÜ[ 4 A»R½ùµ³j¶NRP ª«sVLji¸R¶VV 4 @¼½ xqs*¿RÁèéLiµR¶ N_¬s=ÖÁLig`i, xmsLkiOSQ ZNP[LiúµyÌÁÍÜ[

positive for HIV infection at

»½R NPR Väªs« ryó LiVVÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. r¡NPT ©s« ªyLij aS»½R Li giR ÌÁ ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁV

¬sLRi*z¤¦¦¦LiÂ¿Á[ xmsLkiORPQÌÁÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. B®©söéQORPQ©±s

Voluntary Counseling and Testing

Centres (VCTCs) provides another

indication of the level of HIV in the

state. From April 2004 to March

2005, 15.5 percent of those tested

26.6 26.4

23.1

18.7

15.5

r¡NTP©«sÈíÁV ¾»½[ÌÁV»R½V©«sõ ª«sùNRPVòÌÁ xqsLiÅÁù NRPW²y ª«sV©«s

LStx sí QûLiÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ryó LiVV¬s qx sWÀÁr¡Lò iµ¶j .

GúzmsÍÞ 2004 ©s« VLi²¶T ªs« WLij è 2005 ª«sLRiNRPV LSxtísQû

ªyùxmsòLigS xmsLkiOTPQLi¿RÁÊÁ²T¶©«s ªyLjiÍÜ[ 15.5 aS»½R Li

statewide were found to be positive.

ª«sVLiµj¶NTP |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. D©«sõÈíÁV ¾»½[ÖÁLiµj¶. @LiVV¾»½[

The percentage varied from 5.6 in

Mahbubnagar to 26.6 in Guntur.

During the 12 month period

228,183 people were counseled

and tested and 35,408 found

positive.

Andhra PraAdeLisúµ³R¶húxms®µ¶[a`P

APSACS

GugnRiVtLuiEÈrÁaWsLtRiVG»½R oWdLiR aVöWvage]rµ[siytªs«GLmxijsobPèdªaVs« Vvisga]arµ[ iykhªs« Laij pasatSnÅaÁxmmsÈíÁßáLi

7.2

6.7

6.0

5.6

Nizam¬sÇaØbª«asWdËØAµ`¶dilAaµbj¶aÍØdRËØanµ`¶gareLRidLidMgSyalLhiª²bs«ïT¶Vu¤x b¦¦ÊnÁaWgËÞar©s« giR Li`

Bµj¶ sÕ³Á©«sõLki»R½VÌÁÍÜ[ ª«sVx¤¦¦¦ÊÁWËÞ©«sgRiL`iÍÜ[ 5.6

aS»½R Li ©s« VLiÀÁ ®ªsVVµ¶R ÌÁVN]¬s giR VLiÈÁWLiR VÍÜ[ 26.6

aS»½R Li ªs« LiR NPR V DLiµ¶j . C mx s®©sõLi²¶R V ®©sÌÁÌÁ

NSÌÁLiÍÜ[ 228,183 ªs« VLiµ¶j ¬s N_¬s=ÖÁLigi` Â¿Áz[qs

xmsLkiOTPQLi¿RÁgS @LiµR¶VÍÜ[ 35,408 ª«sVLiµj¶NTP

|¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. D©«sõÈíÁV ¾»½[ÖÁLiµj¶.

Since HIV infection can be passed

to an unborn child during pregnancy

or during breastfeeding, it is critical

that mothers be tested for the

disease. Proper treatment can

reduce the possibility of the child

becoming infected. At Prevention of

Parent to Child Transmission

Centres (PPCTCs) from April 2004

to March 2005 HIV infection ranged

from 4.5 percent in East Godavari

to 0.4 percent in Medak. Out of

215,339 women tested, 4,060 were

found to be positive during the

period.

Percent Testing Positive for HIV at the

Four PPCTCs with the Highest and Lowest Prevalence

Andhra Pradesh, April 2004 to March 2005

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ¬[ s 4 »½R ÖÁý µ¶R Liú²¶R VÌÁ©s« VLiÀÁ zmsÌÁý ÌÁNPR V |¤¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ªyùzmsLi¿ÁR NPR VLi²y ¬sL]µ[ ¶j³ LiÂ¿Á[

ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁÍÜ[ (zms.zms.ÉÁÓ .zqs.ÉÁÓ .ÌÁV) GúzmsÍÞ 2004 ©s« VLiÀÁ ªs« WLij è 2005 ªs« LiR NPR V ¬sLiR *z¤¦¦LiÀÁ©s« mx sLik OPR QÌÁÍÜ[

4 A»½R ùµ¶j³ NPR ªs« VLij ¸¶R VV 4 @¼½ »½R NPR Väªs« ryó LiVVÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¿Á` .H.s. r¡NPT ©s« ªyLij aS»½R Li NPR ÌÁ ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁV

4.5

4.1

3.8

3.2

East G»½RoWdLiRaVövag]riµ[ yªKs« LijrishnaKNRPXauñyrimnaNgRPLakiLri©«sgRiL`iGungRitVuLirÈÁWLRiV

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4

RangaredLdRiLyigSlALi²dïT¶ilaAbµaj¶MÍdØaËhØbªµs«`¶uV¤xb¦n¦ÊÁaWgËaÞr©s« giR Li`Medak®ªsVµR¶N`P

xmsoÈíÁËÜ[¹¸¶[V ÕÁ²ïR¶NRPV gRiLRi÷éLiÍÜ[ DLi²R¶gS®©s[ ÛÍÁ[µy

mx soÉØí NPR »½R ÖÁý .yÌÁV »ylgi[ qx sªs« V¸¶R VLiÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s.

B®©söQéOPR Q©s± r¡ZNP[ @ªs« NSaPR Li D©s« õLiµ¶R V©s« C ªyùµ¶j³

¬sLóSLRißáNRPV »R½ÌýÁVÖÁõ xmsLkiOTPQLi¿RÁ²R¶Li @»R½ùª«sxqsLRiLi.

xqs\\lLi©«s ÀÁNTP»R½= ¼d½xqsVNRPVLiÛÉÁ[ ÕÁ²ïR¶ÌÁNRPV ªyùµ³j¶ r¡ZNP[

@ª«sNSaRPLi »R½gæRiV»R½VLiµj¶. GúzmsÍÞ 2004 ©s« VLiÀÁ ªs« WLij è

2005 ª«sLRiNRPV »R½ÖýÁµR¶Liú²R¶VÌÁ©«sVLiÀÁ zmsÌýÁÌÁNRPV ªyùµ³j¶

ªyùzmsLi¿RÁNPR VLi²y ¬sL][µ¶j³ LiÂ¿Á[ ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁÍÜ[

(zmszmsÉÁÓ zqsÉÁÓ ÌÁV), LStx sí Qû ªyùmx sLò igS ¬sLiR *z¤¦¦¦LiÀÁ©s«

xmsLik ORPQÌÁÍÜ[ »R½WLRiVög][µyªs« LjiÍÜ[ 4.5 aS»½R Li

®ªsVVµ¶R ÌÁVN]¬s ®ªsVµ¶R N`PÍÜ[ 0.4 aS»R½Li ª«sLRiNRPV DLiµj¶.

C mx s®©sõLi²¶R V ®©sÌÁÌÁ NSÌÁLiÍÜ[ 215,339 ªs« VLiµ¶j

ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁ¬s xmsLkiOTPQ}qsò 4,060 ª«sVLiµj¶ ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁNRPV

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. D©s« õÈíÁV ¾»½ÖÁzqsLiµj¶.

APSACS

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

4/1/2006, 6:28 PM

1.10 Page 10

▲back to top

HOW WIDESPREAD IS HIV/AIDS IN ANDHRA PRADESH?

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = ªyùzmsò .sÍØ DLiµ¶j ?

Males who engage in high-risk

behaviour are said to act as a

“bridge” population who may

transmit HIV to people without

identified risk behaviour such as

their wives. In Andhra Pradesh,

one of the highest HIV prevalence

groups was found to be wives of

truck drivers who may be away

from home for lengthy periods or

auto/taxi drivers who have frequent

contact many people. The

relatively high rate among wives of

agricultural workers also provides

evidence that HIV has moved into

the rural areas.

Percent of Pregnant Women at ANC Sentinel Sites Testing Positive for

HIV, by Occupation of Husband, Andhra Pradesh, 2004-2005

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ 2004-2005 ÍÜ[ úmx sqx sW¼½ mx spLiR * qx sLiLiR OPR QßØ, ¬smx sn W ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁÍÜ[ ¬sLiR *z¤¦¦LiÀÁ©s«

mx sLik OPR QÌÁÍÜ[ giR Lij ÷ßé áÔ {qsQòûÌÁÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¿Á` .H.s. D©s« õ ªyLij aS»½R Li, ªyLij ËÁÏ³ LiR Ìò Á ªs« X»½R VÌò Á©s« V ÊÁÉÁÓí

Hotel staff

X¤¦ÜÈ[ ÁÍÞ zqsÊÁ÷Liµ¶j

TrucúÈkÁN/P` a/AuÉtÜo/[/tÉaØxNPU i=d®\\²r¶iQvûªes« Lri`

Agriculture

ªs« ùªs« ry¸¶R V LiR LigiR Li

.yLjiúaSInsdVNuRP sLtRiLriigaRiLli

ªyùB.yuLsiR inLiR eLisgiR sLi

APSACS

Services

}Qsª«sÌÁV

1.3

1.1

2.9

2.4

2.0

1.9

The fact that HIV infection is more

likely to be found in women with

lower education poses an

additional challenge to HIV

information and education

Percent of Pregnant Women at ANC Sentinel Sites Testing Positive

for HIV, by Education, Andhra Pradesh, 2004-2005

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ 2004-2005 ÍÜ[ úmx sqx sW¼½ mx spLiR * qx sLiLiR OPR QßØ, ¬smx sn W ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁÍÜ[ ¬sLiR *z¤¦¦LiÀÁ©s«

mx sLik OPR QÌÁÍÜ[ giR Lij ÷ßé áÔ {qsQòûÌÁÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¿Á` .H.s. D©s« õ ªyLij aS»½R Li, ªyLij ¿ÁR µ¶R Vªs« oÌÁ©s« V ÊÁÉÁÓí

programmes. Illiterate women at

antenatal care clinics had the

¬sLiR IOlPR QlLiSteqx srVaùÌtÁeV

2.2

highest rate of infection at

2.2 percent in 2004-2005. This rate

steadily declined with rising levels

Literate - 5th

standard

@OPR QLSqx sVùÌÁV c 5ªs«

of education so that infection

»½R LiR giR ¼½ ªs« LiR NPR V

among graduate women and above

was 1.4 percent. Nonetheless, it is

notable that the infection rate was

Literate - 12th

@OPR QLSqx sVsùtÌaÁVncd1a2rdªs«

»½R LiR giR ¼½ ªs« LiR NPR V

1 percent or higher in all education

groups, the rate that causes a state

Graduate and

above

mx sÈÁí ËÁÏ³ úµ¶R VÌÁV, @Li»½R NPR V

to be designated high HIV prevalent. sVLiÀÁ ¿ÁR µ¶R Vªs« oNPR V©s« õªyLiR V

1.9

1.7

1.4

APSACS

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s ªyùzmsLimx sÛÇÁ}[ qs qx sªs« VW¥¦¦¦ÌÁNPR V (úÕÁ²¶Tê

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.sNPR Väªs« gS |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ËØLij ©s« mx s²¶R V»½R V©yõLiR V.

\\®²¶Qûª«sLýRiV .sNRPVäª«s NSÌÁLi .yÈÁV »R½ª«sV BÎýÏÁNRPV

µR¶WLRiLigS DLi²R¶ª«sÌÁzqs ª«sxqsVòLiÈÁVLiµj¶, @LiµR¶Vª«sÌýÁ

AÉÜ[, ÉØNUP= \\®²¶Qûª«sLýRiV »R½LRi¿RÁVgS BLiµR¶VNRPV

gRiVLRiª«so»R½VLiÉØLRiV. @®µ¶[ sµ³R¶LigS ª«sùª«sry¸R¶V

NPR WÖÁd ÌÁ ËØ³ LiR ùÌÁV giR ßá¬sd ¸¶R VLigS |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. ËØLij ©s«

mx s²¶R ²y¬sõÊÁÉÁÓí C ªyùµ¶j³ úgSsd Vßá ú.yLi»yÌÁNPR V

NRPW²y sxqsòLjiLiÀÁ©«sÈíÁV xqsöxtísQª«sVª«so»R½VLiµj¶.

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NSLiR ùúNPR ªs« WÌÁNPR V @µ¶R ©s« mx so qx sªyÌÁVgS ªs« WLij Liµ¶j .

úmx sqx sW¼½ mx spLiR * qx sLiLiR OPR QßØ ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁÍÜ[ 2004ªs«

xqsLiª«s»R½=LRiLiÍÜ[ ¬sLRiORPQùLSxqsVùQ\\ÛÍÁ©«s ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁÍÜ[ 2.2

aS»R½Li»][ @»R½ùµ³j¶NRP |¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s. B®©söéQORPQ©ý«s lLi[ÈÁV

©«s®ªsW\\®µ¶Liµj¶. C lLi[ÈÁV ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁ ¿RÁµR¶Vª«so róyLiVV

|msLRiVgRiV»R½V©«sõN]µôk¶ »R½gæRiV»R½W.¡LiVVLiµj¶.

xmsÈíÁË³ÏÁúµR¶V\\ÛÍÁ©«s ª«sVz¤¦¦¦ÎÏÁÌÁÍÜ[ C lLi[ÈÁV 1.4 aS»½R LigS

DLiµ¶j . Gµ¶j G®\\ªsV©y @¬sõ sµyùQLiR> »½R ryó LiVVÌÁ©s« V

NPR ÖÁzms C lLiÈ[ ÁV INRPÉÁÓ NPR LiÛÉÁ[ .sNRPVäªs« aS»½R LigS

DLi²R¶²¶R Li ªs« ÌÁ©s« , LStx ísQûLiÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s.

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HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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2 Pages 11-20

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2.1 Page 11

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HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOUR AND BRIDGE GROUPS

@¼½ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R NPR LiR úmx sªs« LiR ©ò s« , ªyùzmsLimx sÛÇÁ}[ qs qx sªs« VW¥¦¦¦ÌÁ giR VLij Lò imx so

Certain groups have a higher

risk of contracting HIV than

others. High-risk groups include

CSWs, MSM, and injecting drug

users (IDUs). Also at an

increased risk of HIV are bridge

populations such as truckers,

migrant laborers, street children,

construction workers and clients

of sex workers. These groups

are characterized as “bridges”

to the general population

because they are mobile and

away from home for extended

periods of time and may be

more likely to visit sex workers,

have multiple partners, or use

IV drugs and share needles.

In 2002, APSACS carried out a

mapping exercise to locate these

groups in order to more effectively

reach them with prevention, care,

and treatment programmes.

Additional studies of CSW and

MSM populations were conducted

in 2003 and 2004 by the AVAHAN

programme of the Bill & Melinda

Gates Foundation (BMGF). The

table shows the concentration of

high-risk and bridge populations

across the state as drawn from

these studies.

Estimated High-risk and Bridge Groups by District, Andhra Pradesh

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ ÑÁÍØý ªyLik gS @¼½ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R NPR LiR úmx sªs« LiR ©ò s« ªs« VLij ¸¶R VV ªyùzmsLimx sÛÇÁ}[ qs qx sªs« VW¥¦¦¦ÌÁ @Li¿ÁR ©yÌÁV

District

ÑÁÍØý

2003-2004

2002

Mining &

Migrant Street Construction Quarry

CSWs MSM Truckers Labourers Children Workers Workers

zqs..s£qs.²R¶ÊýÁVù .sLi..s£qs..sLi. \\®²¶Qûª«sLýRiV, ª«sÌÁxqs

dsµ¶j³

ËÁÏ³ ªs« ©s« ¬sLSøßá giR ¬s, NS*Lik

NýUP©«sLýRiV

NRPWÖdÁÌÁV ËØÌÁÌÁV

NSLjiøNRPVÌÁV NSLjiøNRPVÌÁV

Adilabad

Aµj¶ÍØËØµ`¶ 1,082 408 3,500

790 208

205

13,500

Anantapur

@©«sLi»R½xmspL`i 3,428 2,363 3,000 1,460 170

2,430

Chittoor

ÀÁ»R½WòLRiV

6,116 2,297 3,800 3,115 401

2,685

Cuddapah NRP²R¶xms

2,014 700 2,250 1,580 440

1,708

800

East Godavari »R½WLRiVö g][µyª«sLji 7,238 1,603 8,850 1,913 397

723

500

Guntur

gRiVLiÈÁWLRiV 10,372 2,770 5,400 6,173 535

3,206

13,325

Hyderabad \\|¤¦¦¦µR¶LSËØµ`¶ 7,496 5,250 7,800 41,275 1,008 10,379

Karimnagar NRPLkiLi©«sgRiL`i

2,470 1,644 1,900 4,940 369

2,532

10,000

Khammam ÅÁª«sVøLi

2,597 1,230 4,070 2,460 185

2,050

7,400

Krishna

NRPXuñy

7,277 5,790 2,300 2,770 1,050

1,825

11,835

Kurnool

NRPLRiWõÌÁV

8,354 2,400 2,200 1,232 158

1,336

2,950

Mahabubnagar ª«sVx¤¦¦¦ÊÁWËÞ ©«sgRiL`i 540 NA 11,350 2,757 272

7,222

100

Medak

®ªsVµR¶N`P

1,270 380 3,775 2,842 346

1,939

Nalgonda

©«sÍæÜLi²R¶

1,292 705 1,600

796 150

1,055

990

N]¬sõ úgiR Wmx soÌÁNPR V Â¿ÁLiµ¶j ©s« ªs« ùNPR VÌò ÁNPR V B»½R LiRý NPR LiÛÉÁ[

|¤¦¦¿Á` Hs r¡ZNP[ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R Li .sNPR Väªs« gS ªs« oLiÈÁVLiµ¶j .

ªs« ùÕÁ³ ¿yLiR ªs« X¼½Íò Ü[ ªs« o©s« õªyLiR V (zqs..sq£ s.²¶R ÊÁý Vù),

qx s*ÖÁLigiR qx sLimx sLiR VäÌÁV (.sLi.sq£ s.sLi) ©s« LSÌÁ µy*LS

ªs« Wµ¶R NPR úµ¶R ªyùÌÁ©s« V .sNPT äLi¿ÁR VNPR V®©sª[ yLiR V (Hs²¶T ¸¶R VV)

@¼½ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R NPR LiR úmx sªs« LiR ©ò y qx sªs« VW¥¦¦ÌÁ NPT Liµ¶R NPR V

ªs« ryLò iR V. @®µ¶[ sµ¶R³ LigS úÈÁNPR Vä ®²\\ ¶Qûªs« LiRý V, ªs« ÌÁqx s

NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV, sd µ¶j³ ËØÌÁÌÁV, ËÁÏ³ ªs« ©s« ¬sLSøßá NSLij øNPR VÌÁV,

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ®ªsÛÎÁþ[ ªyLiR V ªyùzmsLimx sÛÇÁ}[ qs

qx sªs« VW¥¦¦ÌÁV (úÕÁ²¶Tê úgiR Wmx soÌÁV) gS |¤¦¦¿Á` Hs r¡ZNP[

úmx sªs« Wµ¶R LiÍÜ[ ªs« oLiÉØLiR V. C qx sªs« VW¥¦¦ÌÁ©s« V

ªyLiR µ¶R³ VÌÁVgS mx sLij giR ßáÓ Li¿ÁR ²¶R Li ÇÁLiR VgiR V»½R VLiµ¶j .

.sLiµ¶R VNPR LiÛÉÁ[ sd ÎÁÏ §þ BLiÉÁÓ ©s« VLiÀÁ µ¶R WLiR LigS .sNPR Väªs«

NSÌÁLi giR ²¶R Vmx so»½R W |qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ®ªsÎØLò iR V.

.sNPR Väªs« ªs« VLiµ¶j ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁ©s« V NPR ÖÁgij ªs« oLiÉØLiR V

ÛÍÁµ[ y ©s« LSÌÁ µy*LS .sNPT äLi¿ÁR VNPR V®©s[ ªs« Wµ¶R NPR

úµ¶R ªyùÌÁ©s« V IZNP[ qx sWµ¶j »][ NPR ÌÁzqs ªy²¶R ²¶R Li ªs« LiÉÁÓ

@ªs« NSaSÌÁV sd Lij NPT .sNPR Väªs« . NSÊÁÉÁÓí sd LiR V ªyùµ¶j³ ¬s

qx sLiúNPR sVLimx sÛÇÁqx[ sVNPR V¬s ryµy³ LiR ßá ÇÁ©y¬sNPT

ªyùzmsLimx sÛÇÁr[ yLò iR V.

Nellore

®©sÌýÁWLRiV

2,009 2,954 2,295 1,435 204

Nizamabad ¬sÇØª«sWËØµ`¶ 2,058 1,507 1,050

420

Prakasam úxmsNSaRPLi

4,597 959 1,585 5,805 505

Rangareddy LRiLigSlLi²ïT¶

670 514 2,650 17,190 985

Srikakulam $NSNRPVÎÏÁLi

677 1,222 1,245

345

Visakhapatnam saSÅÁxmsÈíÁßáLi 2,893 1,844 3,865 1,755 811

Vizianagaram sÇÁ¸R¶V©«sgRiLRiLi 2,104 410 2,350

464 159

Warangal

ª«sLRiLigRiÍÞ

1,386 1,490 2,750 1,265 145

West Godavari xmsbPèª«sV g][µyª«sLji 4,304 872 5,140 3,929 334

Andhra Pradesh ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P 82,244 39,312 84,725 106,711 8,973

AVAHAN

APSACS

675

2,283

12,080

1,513

915

312

1,930

1,155

60,208

- BÍØLiÉÁÓ qx sªs« VW¥¦¦ÌÁV .sNPR ä®²¶NPR ä²¶R ªs« o©yõ¹¸¶W

- giR VLij Lò iÀÁ ªyLij ¬s qx s»½R *LiR ®ªsV[ Â¿ÁL[ ij

3,150 ¬sªyLiR ßá, qx sLiLiR OPR Qßá, ÀÁNPT »½R = NSLiR ùúNPR ªs« WÌÁ©s« V ªyLij NPT

- qx sªs« VLiRó ªs« Li»½R LigS @Liµ¶j LiÂ¿Á[ D®µ¶ô a[ PR Li»][ .szms.sq£ s.szqs.sq£ s

- 2002ÍÜ[ C qx sªs« VW¥¦¦ÌÁ©s« V giR VLij Lò iÂ¿Á[ NSLiR ùúNPR ªs« W¬sõ

- Â¿Ámx[ sÉÁÓí Liµ¶j . @µ¶R ©s« LigS zqs..sq£ s.²¶R ÊÁý VùÌÁV,

.sLi..sq£ s..sLi.ÌÁ qx sLiÅÁù @Li¿ÁR ©y 2003 ªs« VLij ¸¶R VV

2004ÍÜ[ ÕÁ..sªs± V.ÑÁ..sm£ sn . ªyLiR V Â¿Ámx[ sÉØí LiR V. LStx sí Qû

5,000 ªyùmx sLò igS @¼½ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R NPR LiR úmx sªs« LiR ©ò s« NPR ÖÁgij ©s«

950 qx sªs« VW¥¦¦ÌÁV, ªyLiR µ¶R³ VÍØý ªyùµ¶j³ ¬s ªyùzmsLimx sÛÇÁ}[ qs

61,500 qx sªs« VW¥¦¦ÌÁV .sNPR ä®²¶NPR ä²¶R G qx sLiÅÁùÍÜ[ ªs« o©yõL][

mx sÉÁÓí NPR ÍÜ[ ¿ÁR W²¶R ªs« ¿ÁR Vè.

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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KNOWLEDGE AND PREVENTION

@ªs« gS¤x ¦¦¦©s« , ¬sªyLiR ßá

The Andhra Pradesh BSS,

conducted in 2004, measured

HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and

behaviour.

BSS data show that overall

knowledge of consistent condom

use as a way to prevent HIV is

relatively high, although slum

women (67 percent) and migrant

laborers (75 percent) could benefit

from additional education.

Knowledge of mutual monogamy

as a prevention method was lower

among all groups.

In all groups, TV was the primary

source from which people received

HIV prevention messages.

Newspapers and NGO workers

were also frequently mentioned

sources. Among CSWs and slum

women, NGO workers and

outreach programmes have made

an obvious impact.

Percent with Knowledge of HIV Prevention Methods

Andhra Pradesh, 2004

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = ¬sªyLRißá mx sµô¶ðR »R½VÌÁ gRiVLij LiÀÁ @ª«sgS¤x ¦¦¦©«s D©s« õªyLij aS»½R Li,

ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2004

Slum women

MSM

Migrant

ªs« VVLij NPT ªy²¶R ÌÁ {qsQòûÌÁV xqs*ÖÁLigRi xqsLixmsLRiVäÌÁV

labourers

ªs« ÌÁqx s NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV

BSS 2004

Consistent condom use

¬sLiR Li»½R LiR NPR Li²]ª[ s± V s¬s¹¸¶WgiR Li

Male university

Truckers and

students

helpers

? ®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, NPUý ©s« LiRý V, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLiRý V

Mutual monogamy

mx sLiR qx söLiR Li GNPR ËØ³ giR ry*sVNPT NPR ÈÁí VÊÁ²¶T ªs« oLi²¶R ÈÁLi

Percent Reporting Sources for HIV/AIDS Messages

Andhra Pradesh, 2004

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = qx sLi®µ¶a[ SÌÁ©s« V ssµ¶R³ qx sªs« W¿yLiR ryµ¶R³ ©yÌÁ µy*LS ¾»½ÌÁVqx sVNPR V©s« õªyLij

aS»R½Li, ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2004

50 52

ÉÁÔ s

NªyeLSwmxò ssú¼½pNPR ÌaÁVpers/magazines

H¤x ¦ÜoL[ aijï LirgdiR VÌiÁnVgs

Osqx suQòXt»½RreNSaLiRcùNhPR LiR ÌòwÁVo, qxrs*k¿eÁR èrLésiµ/¶R Nqx sGLiqx Osó ÌÁsV

Male clients of

sex workers

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý µ¶R giRæ LiR NPR V

®ªsÛÎÁþ[ mx soLiR Vtx svÌÁV

BSS 2004

CSWs

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V

Truckers and

helpers

®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, NPUý ©s« LiRý V,

|¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLýRiV

Slum women

ªs« VVLij NPT ªy²¶R ÌÁ {qsQòûÌÁV

|¤¦¦¦¿`Á.H.s./.sLiVV²`¶=NRPV xqsLiÊÁLiµ³j¶LiÀÁ©«s @ª«sgSx¤¦¦¦©«s,

úxmsªs« LRi©ò «s©s« V @Li¿RÁ©y®ªs[}qsLiµ¶R VNRPV 2004 ªs«

qx sLiªs« »½R =LiR LiÍÜ[ ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ s.

¬sLRi*z¤¦¦¦LixmsÊÁ²T¶Liµj¶.

@»R½ùLi»R½ úxmsª«sWµR¶NRPLRi zqôðs¼½ÍÜ[ ª«so©«sõ xqsª«sVW¥¦¦¦ÌÁ

ªyLiR V |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s./.sLiVV²¶` = ©s« VLiÀÁ

LRiOTPQLi¿RÁVNRPV®©s[LiµR¶VNRPV xqsª«sVúgRi @ª«sgSx¤¦¦¦©«s, ¬sLRiLi»R½LRi

NPR Li²]ª[ s± V Dmx s¹¸¶WgiR Li .sÍØ »]²[ ¶R ö²¶R V»½R V©yõ¹¸¶W

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NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV (75 aS»R½Li ªs« VLiµ¶j ) Bmx söÉÁÓ ZNP[ @µR¶©s« xmso

ÇØì ©s« Li ªs« ÌÁý úmx s¹¸¶WÇÁ©s« Li .~Liµ¶R V»½R V©yõLiR V. ªyùµ¶j³

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»R½NRPVäª«sgS ª«soLiµj¶.

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N]Li»R½ª«sLRiNRPV C xqsLi®µ¶[aSÌÁ©«sV @LiµR¶V»R½V©«sõÈíÁV

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NRP©s« ÊÁLRiVxqsV©ò yõLiVV.

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COMMERCIAL SEX WORK IN ANDHRA PRADESH

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ ªs« ùÕÁ³ ¿yLiR ªs« X¼½ò

Information about where clients

and sex workers meet and where

clients are entertained can help

organizations better target their

interventions. Nearly half of CSWs

reported meeting clients at bus

stands, through a broker, or were

approached directly by clients.

Clients were most often

entertained at lodges and hotels

(60 percent), in vacant areas

(50 percent), and in the client’s

home (41 percent).

More than one-third (36 percent) of

CSWs surveyed reported entering

the sex trade during their teen

years. The average age of a

woman entering the sex trade was

22 years. On average, CSWs

served 3 paying clients on the last

working day and 12 paying and 2

non-paying clients in the last week.

Types of Locations Where CSWs Report Meeting Clients

Andhra Pradesh, 2004

|qsN`P= ª«sLRiäLýRiW, sÈÁVÌÁW NRPÌÁVxqsVNRPV®©s[ úxms®µ¶[aSÌÁV ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2004

aPSer»cR½eLint

BuÊsÁq£ sstryíanLid²¶`

ApproachesÈdÁVÌbÁVy LcSliªes« ²n¶R Lti

BrúoËÜk[NeRPLr`i

Cinzqse¬smª«sWa

ªs« WMlLiaärÉkÞeút.yaLri»e½R aLi

Railwal\\LyiÛÍÁs*[ ta}qtsíitxosQn©s±

x¤H¦Üo[ÈtÁeÍlÞ

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLCiRý SBWÌÁý V/hªs« oùÕmÁ³ ¿ey/LbiR rZoNPL[tihúµe¶R Lli

BSS 2004

Par.ky/LBRiVeäa/ÕcdÁ¿h`Á 3

45 |qsN`P= ª«sLiR äLýiR W, sÈÁVÌÁW .sNRPä²R¶ NPR ÌÁVqx sVNRPVLiÉØLiR V,

44 sÈÁVÌÁ»][ |qsNP` =ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ ®©s[ qx só ÍØÌÁV Gs @®©s[

qx sªs« W¿yLiR Li @Liµ¶R VËØÈÁVÍÜ[ ªs« oLiÛÉÁ[ ¬sLijô Qtx sí Q

ÌÁORPQùLi»][ NRPXztsQ Â¿Á[}qs @ª«sNSaRPLi ª«soLiÈÁVLiµj¶.

µyµymx so qx sgiR Li ªs« VLiµ¶j |qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V »½R ªs« V

sÈÁVÌÁ©s« V ÊÁq£ s ryí Li²¶` ÌÁÍÜ,[ úËÜN[ PR LiRý µy*LS ÛÍÁµ[ y

®©s[LRiVgS NRPÌÁVxqsVNRPVLiÈÁW ª«soLiÉØLRiV. |qsN`P= ª«sLRiäLýRiV

»½R ªs« V sÈÁVÌÁ»][ ÍØ²¶Uê ÌÁW, ¤x ¦ÜÈ[ ÁÎÁÏ þÍÜ[ (60

aS»½R Li), ÆØ×Ád qx só ÍØÍÜý [ (50 aS»½R Li), sÈÁVÌÁ

BÎÁÏ þÍÜ[ (41 aS»½R Li) |qsNP` =ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ LiÉØLiR V.

Types of Locations Where CSWs Report Entertaining Clients

Andhra Pradesh, 2004

|qsNP` = ª«sLiR äLýiR V sÈÁVÌÁ»][ |qsN`P=ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ LiÈÁV©«sõ úmx s®µ¶a[ SÌÁV c ALiúµ³R¶úmx s®µ¶a[ `P, 2004

PaSer»cR½eLint

Hotel

x¤¦Ü[ÈÁÍÞ

Vacant area

ÆØ×Ád úmx s®µ¶a[ PR Li

Client's home

sÈÁVÌÁ BÎÁÏ §þ

CSW home/brothel

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLi` BÌÁý V/ªs« ùÕÁ³ ¿yLiR ZNPL[ iúµ¶R Li

ª«sVW²T¶LiÈÁ INRP ª«sLi»R½V NRPLiÛÉÁ[ .sNRPVäª«s ª«sVLiµj¶

(36 aS»R½Li) NRPª«sVL<ji¸R¶VÍÞ |qsN`P= ª«sLRiäLýRiV

(zqs..sq£ s.²¶R ÊÁý Vù.) @¼½ zms©s« õ ªs« ¸¶R Vqx sVÍÜ®[©s[ ªs« ùÕÁ³ ¿yLiR

ªs« X¼½Íò Ü[ úmx s®ªs[bPxqsV©ò yõLiR ¬s ¾»½[ÖÁLiµ¶j . ª«sùÕ³Á¿yLRi

ª«sX¼½òÍÜ[ úxms®ªs[bPxqsV©ò s« õ {qsòQû xqsgiR ÈÁV ª«s¸R¶Vqx sV=

22 qx sLiª«s»½R =LSÌÁV. |qsNP` = ª«sLiR äLiýR V xqsgRiÈÁV©«s ÀÁª«sLij

xms¬s µj¶©«sLi ©y²R¶V ª«sVVgæRiVLRiV ²R¶ÊÁV÷ Â¿ÁÖýÁLiÂ¿Á[

sÈÁVÌÁ»],[ ÀÁªs« Lij ªyLiR LiÍÜ[ 12 ª«sVLiµj¶ ²¶R ÊÁV÷

Â¿ÁÖýÁLiÂ¿Á[ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV BµôR¶LRiV ²R¶ÊÁV÷ Â¿ÁÖýÁLi¿RÁ¬s

sÈÁVÌÁ»][ |qsNP` =ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ LiÉØLiR V.

Home of a known person

giR VLiR Vò ¾»½ÖÁ¸¶R V¬s ªs« ùQNPT ò BÌÁý V

Cinema

zqs¬sª«sW

BSS 2004

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COMMERCIAL SEX WORK IN ANDHRA PRADESH

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ ªs« ùÕÁ³ ¿yLiR ªs« X¼½

Percent of CSWs and Male Clients with Knowledge Regarding Consistent

Use of Condoms to Prevent HIV, Andhra Pradesh, 2001, 2004

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs¬s ¬sL]µ[ ¶j³ Li¿yÌÁLiÛÉÁ[ .smx söV²¶R W NPR Li²]ª[ s± V¬s s¬s¹¸¶Wgij Li¿yÖÁ @©s« õ @ªs« gS¤x ¦¦¦©s« ªs« o©s« õ

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý , ªyLij ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[ mx soLiR Vtx svÌÁ aS»½R Li c ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` , 2001, 2004

Consistent condom use by sex

workers and their male clients is an

important step to prevent the

spread of HIV. Data from BSS-2,

taken in 2004, show that 91 percent

of male clients knew that consistent

condom use was a way to prevent

the spread of HIV, up from

69 percent in BSS-1. Among sex

workers, the knowledge level also

rose from 69 percent in 2001 to

84 percent in 2004.

There is often a gap between

knowledge and behaviour. Simply

knowing what to do is no guarantee

that one will act accordingly.

Among those CSWs surveyed, 62

percent in 2001 and 81 percent in

2004 reported that they used

condoms each time they had sex.

Between 2001 and 2004, there was

a 50 percent increase among male

clients of sex workers who reported

consistent condom use.

CSWs

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V

Male clients

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[ mx soLiR Vtx svÌÁV

BSS 2001, 2004

BSS-1

ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ s. 1

BSS-2

ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ s. 2

Percent of CSWs and Male Clients Reporting Consistent Condom Use

Andhra Pradesh, 2001, 2004

úxms¼½ryLki NRPLi²][ª±sV Dxms¹¸¶WgjixqsVò©«sõ |qsN`P= ª«sLRiäLýRiV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ªyLji µR¶gæRiLRiNRPV ®ªsÛÎÁ[þ

mx soLRiVxtsvÌÁ aS»R½Li, ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2001, 2004

CSWs

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V

Male clients

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[ mx soLiR Vtx svÌÁV

|qsN`P= ª«sLRiäLýRiV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ªyLji µR¶gæRiLRiNRPV ®ªsÛÎÁ[þ

xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁÍÜ[ úxms¼½ryLki NRPLi²][ª±sV©«sV

Dmx s¹¸¶Wgij Li¿yÖÁ @®©s[ @ªs« gS¤x ¦¦¦©s« |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs

ªyùzms¬ò s @Lij NPR ÈÁí ²¶R LiÍÜ[ ªs« VVÅÁùQ®\\ªsV©s« @LiaPR Li. BÍØ

úmx s¼½ryLik NPR Li²]ª[ s± V©«sV Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿ÁR ²R¶Li µy*LS

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs ªyùzms¬ò s @LjiNRPÈÁí ª«s¿RÁVè @®©s[ @ªs« gSx¤¦¦¦©«s

2001ÍÜ[ }qsNPR Lij LiÀÁ©s« ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ scI ªs« VLij ¸¶R VV

2004ÍÜ[ }qsNPR Lij LiÀÁ©s« ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ scII

qx sªs« W¿yLS¬sõ ÊÁÉÁÓí 69 aS»½R Li ©s« VLiÀÁ 91 aS»½R LigS

|msLjigji©«sÈýÁV ¾»½ÌÁVxqsVòLiµj¶. |qsN`P= ª«sLRiäLýRiÍÜ[ NRPW²y

C @ªs« gS¤x ¦¦¦©s« 2001 ÍÜ¬[ s 69 aS»½R Li ©s« VLiÀÁ

2004 ©yÉÓÁNTP 84 aS»y¬sNPT |msLij gij Liµ¶j .

@ª«sgSx¤¦¦¦©«sNRPW, úxmsª«sLRiò©«sNRPW ª«sVµ³R¶ù »R½LRi¿RÁW N]Li»R½

@Li»R½LRiLi ª«soLiÈÁVLiµj¶. ª«sWª«sVWÌÁVgS GLi

Â¿Á¸[ ¶R WÍÜ[ ¾»½ÖÁzqs©s« Li»½R ªs« Wú»y©s« INPR ªs« ùQNPT ò µy¬s

úxmsNSLRiLi ©«s²R¶¿RÁVNRPVLiÉØ²R¶©«sõ ©«sª«sVøNRPLi GdsV ÛÍÁ[µR¶V.

úmx s¼½ryLik NPR Li²]ª[ s± V Dmx s¹¸¶Wgij Li¿yÖÁ @¬s ¾»½ÖÁzqs©s«

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ÍÜ[ 2001ÍÜ[ 62 aS»½R Li ª«sVLiµ¶j

|qsNP` =ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ ©s« õmx söV²¶R ÍØý NPR Li²]ª[ s± V¬s s¬s¹¸¶W}qsò

2004ÍÜ[ 81 aS»½R Li s¬s¹¸¶Wgij Li¿yLiR V ªs« VLij ¸¶R VV

2001 ©s« VLiÀÁ 2004 ªs« Vµ¶R³ ù NSÌÁLiÍÜ[ |qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý

ª«sµôR¶NRPV ª«sÂ¿Á[è xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁÍÜ[ úxms¼½ryLki NRPLi²][ª±sV

s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLiÀÁ©«s ªyLji xqsLiÅÁù ¸R¶W\\ÛË³Á aS»R½Li ®ªs[VLRiNRPV

|msLiR giR ²¶R Li AaSÇÁ©s« NPR mx sLij ßØªs« VLi.

BSS 2001, 2004

BSS-1

ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ s. 1

BSS-2

ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ s. 2

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CASUAL PARTNERS

»y»yäÖÁNPR ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁV

Percent Having Sex with Casual Partners in the

Last 12 Months, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

gRi»R½ 12 ®©sÌÁÍÜý [ »y»yäÖÁNPR ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁ»][ |qsNP` =ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ ©s« õ ªyLij aS»½R Li, c

ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2004

Up to one third of those members

of high-risk groups surveyed

reported that they had at least one

casual partner, i.e. non-regular,

non-commercial, in the last 12

months. Often sexual encounters

with casual partners were in

addition to sex with regular

partners and sex workers. Small

percentages of each group who

had sex with a casual partner in

the last year reported using a

condom each time. Migrant

labourers, for example, reported

using condoms consistently

9 percent of the time with casual

partners. Although slum women

were most likely to use condoms

consistently with their casual

partners, the figure (36 percent) is

still low.

Clients of

CSWs

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý

ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[

BSS 2004 xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁV

Truckers and

helpers

®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLiRý V

Migrant

labourers

ª«sÌÁxqs

NRPWÖdÁÌÁV

Slum women

ªs« VVLij NPT ªy²¶R ÌÁ

{qsòQûÌÁV

MSM

xqs*ÖÁLigRi

xqsLixmsLRiVäÌÁV

Percent Using Condoms During Sex With Casual Partners in the

Last 12 Months, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

gRi»R½ 12 ®©sÌÁÍÜý [ »y»yäÖÁNPR ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁ»][ |qsNP` =ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ ©s« õmx söV²¶R V NPR Li²]ª[ s± V

Dmx s¹¸¶Wgij LiÀÁ©s« ªyLij aS»½R Li c ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` , 2004

BSS 2004

Clients of

CSWs

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý

ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[

xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁV

Truckers and Migrant

helpers

labourers

®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLiRý V ª«sÌÁxqs

NRPWÖdÁÌÁV

Slum women

ªs« VVLij NPT ªy²¶R ÌÁ

{qsòQûÌÁV

Every time

úxms¼½ryLji

Most times, occasionally

.sNRPVäª«sryLýRiV, @xmsöV²R¶xmsöV²R¶V

MSM

xqs*ÖÁLigRi

xqsLixmsLRiVäÌÁV

Never

.sxmsöV²R¶W ÛÍÁ[µR¶V

xqslLi[* úxmsNSLRiLi ª«sVW²T¶LiÈÁ INRP ª«sLi»R½V ª«sVLiµj¶NTP gRi»R½

12 ®©sÌÁÍÜý [ NPR ¬sd qx sLi INPR »y»yäÖÁNPR ËØ³ giR ry*sV»][

xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶Li ª«so©«sõÈíÁV ¾»½[ÖÁLiµj¶. ÒÁs»R½

ËØ³ giR ry*sV»],[ |qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý »][ Û\\ÍÁLigij NPR

qx sLiÊÁLiµy³ ÌÁV NPR ÖÁgij ªs« oLiÈÁW®©s[ ªyLiR V »y»yäÖÁNPR

ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁ»][ NPR W²y »½R LiR ¿ÁR W |qsNP` =ÍÜ[

.yÍÜæ LiÈÁV©yõLiR V. @¼½ »½R NPR Väªs« aS»½R Li ªs« VLi®µ¶[ giR »½R

qx sLiªs« »½R =LiR Li »y»yäÖÁNPR ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁ»][ |qsNP` =ÍÜ[

.yÍÜæ ©s« õmx söV²¶R ÍØý NPR Li²]ª[ s± V Dmx s¹¸¶Wgij LiÀÁ©s« ÈÁí V

¾»½[ÖÁLiµj¶. Dµyx¤¦¦¦LRißáNTP ª«sÌÁxqs NRPWÖdÁÌÁÍÜ[

9 aS»½R Li ªs« VLiµ¶j ªs« Wú»½R ®ªsV[ »y»yäÖÁNPR

ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁ»][ |qsNP` =ÍÜ[ .yÍÜæ ©s« õmx söV²¶R ÍØý

NRPLi²]ª[ ±sV ªy²yLiR V. ªs« VVLij NPT ªy²R¶ÍýÜ[¬s {qsQòûÌÁV »½R ª«sV

»y»yäÖÁNPR ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁ»][ |qsNP` =ÍÜ[

.yÍÜæ ©s« õmx söV²¶R ÍØý NPR Li²]ª[ s± VÌÁV Dmx s¹¸¶Wgij qx sV©ò s« õÈÁí V

¾»½Ö[ Á©y ªyLij qx sLiÅÁù (36 aS»½R Li) BLiNS »½R NPR Väªs« ®©s[

Â¿Á.yöÖÁ.

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SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES

Û\\ÍÁLigij NPR LigS ªyùzmsLiÂ¿Á[ ªyùµ¶R³ VÌÁV

A sexually transmitted disease

(STD) makes one more vulnerable

to HIV due to the presence of sores,

inflammation, and processes that

stimulate replication of HIV. Having

both a STD and HIV also makes

one more infectious to others.

According to BSS data, between 72

and 92 percent of those surveyed in

high-risk groups had heard of

STDs.

Percent Who Have Heard of a STD, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

\\ÛÍÁLigjiNRPLigS ªyùzmsLiÂ¿Á[ ªyùµ³R¶VÌÁ gRiVLjiLiÀÁ s©«sõªyLji aS»R½Li, ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2004

|qsNP` = ªCs« LSiR äWLiRýsV

xqs*ÖÁLigRi xqsLixmsLRiMVäSÌMÁV

Male clients of sex workers

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[

xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁV

M¸aR¶leVWu¬nsªiv«sLeji+rsÉiÔÁtyssµtyuùdLeóRiVnÌtÁsV

Truc®\\²k¶eQûrªss« LiRýaVn, d|¤h¦¦e¦ÌlÁpöeLriRý sV

\\ÛÍÁLigjiNRP ªyùµ³j¶ ª«so©«sõ ª«sùQNTPòNTP xmsoÎÏÁ§þ, ª«sVLiÈÁ

NSLiR ßáLigS |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs r¡ZNP[ úmx sªs« Wµ¶R Li ªs« VLij Li»½R

.sNRPVäª«sgS ª«soLiÈÁVLiµj¶. \\ÛÍÁLigjiNRP ªyùµ³j¶ (.s£qs.ÉÓÁ.²T¶.),

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs lLiLi²¶R W ªs« o©s« õ ªyLiR V B»½R LiRý NPR V ªyÉÁÓ ¬s

ªs« VLij Li»½R .sNPR Väªs« gS NPR ÌÁVgiR ÛÇÁqx[ sVLò iÉØLiR V. ÕÁ..sq£ s..sq£ s.

sª«sLSÌÁ úxmsNSLRiLi xqslLi[* Â¿Á[zqs©«s @»R½ùµ³j¶NRP úxmsª«sWµR¶

zqsó ¼½ÍÜ[ ªs« oLi®²¶[ xqsªs« VW¥¦¦¦ÌÁÍÜ[ 72 ©s« VLiÀÁ 92 aS»½R Li

ªs« VLiµj¶ Û\\ÍÁLigij NRPLigS ªyùzmsLiÂ¿Á[ ªyùµ³R¶VÌÁ giR VLij LiÀÁ

s©«sõÈíÁV ¾»½[ÖÁLiµj¶.

Those who reported a STD

symptom were asked about

treatment. Male clients of sex

workers, MSM, truckers and

helpers, and slum women most

often sought treatment at a

government facility. Male university

students went to private facilities.

A number of migrant labourers,

male clients of sex workers, and

truckers and helpers went to

ªs« VVLij NPT Sªlyum²¶R ÌwÁ o{qsmQòûeÌÁnV

ÍÁLigij NPR ªyùµ¶j³ ÌÁOPR QßØÌÁV NPR ¬szmsLiÀÁ©s« ªyLij ÍÜ[

Migraªsn« ÌtÁqxlas bNoPR WuÖrÁdeÌrÁsV

ÀÁNPT »½R = sªs« LSÌÁ giR VLij LiÀÁ qx sªs« W¿yLiR Li

}qsNRPLjiLi¿RÁ²R¶\\®ªsV©«sµj¶. |qsN`P= ª«sLRiäLýRi ª«sµôR¶NRPV ª«sÂ¿Á[è

mx soLiR Vtx svÌÁV, qx s*ÖÁLigiR qx sLimx sLiR VäÌÁV, ®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V,

BSS 2004

|¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLýRiV, ª«sVVLjiNTP ªy²R¶ÌÁ {qsòQûÌÁV, »R½LRi¿RÁW

Percent Who Sought STD Treatment, by Location, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

ssµ¶R³ AL]g[ iR ù ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁÍÜ[ Û\\ÍÁLigij NPR ªyùµ¶j³ NPT ÀÁNPT »½R = .~Li®µ¶[ ªyLij aS»½R Li c ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` , 2004

úxmsË³ÏÁV»R½* AxqsVxmsú»R½VÌÁÍÜ[ ÀÁNTP»R½= .~LiµyLRiV.

¸¶R VW¬sªs« Lij +ÉÁÔ sµyùLiRó VÌÁV |\\ ms#û®ªsÉ[ Þ Aqx sVmx sú»½R VÌÁÍÜ[

ÀÁNPT »½R = .~LiµyLiR V. @®©sN[ PR ªs« VLiµ¶j ªs« ÌÁqx s NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV,

\\®²¶Qûª«sLýRiV, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLýRiV, ryLiúxmsµy¸R¶V ©yÈÁV \\®ªsµR¶VùÌÁ

ª«sµôR¶ ÀÁNTP»R½= .~LiµyLRiV. BÍØLiÉÓÁ ÀÁNTP»R½=ÌÁV @Li»R½

traditional healers for treatment.

Such treatments are likely to be

less effective than treatments

offered at private and government

facilities, which means that STDs

may continue to spread and, if

treated improperly, may become

resistant to conventional treatment.

Most troubling is the high

percentage of migrant labourers,

students, and slum women who

sought no treatment.

Male clients of

sex workers

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V

ªs« Â¿Áè[ mx soLiR Vtx svÌÁV

Migrant

labourers

ªs« ÌÁqx s NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV

CSWs

Truckers and

Slum women

helpers

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V ®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLiRý V ªs« VVLij NPT ªy²¶R ÌÁ {qsQòûÌÁV

xqsLji @LiVV©s« s NSª«so. úxmsËÏ³ÁV»½R *, |\\ ms#û®ªsÈ[ ÁV

AxqsVxmsú»R½VÌÁÍÜ[ ÌÁÕ³ÁLiÂ¿Á[ ÀÁNTP»R½=ÍØ xms¬sÂ¿Á[¸R¶Vª«so.

\\ÛÍÁLigjiNRP ªyùµ³R¶VÌÁNRPV xqs\\lLi©«s ÀÁNTP»R½= Â¿Á[LiVVLi¿RÁNRP.¡¾»½[

@s »R½LRiVªy»R½ \\®ªsµ³R¶ùLi Â¿Á[¸R¶V²y¬sNTP dsÌÁVxms²R¶NRPVLi²y

»½R ¸¶R WLiR ªs« o»yLiVV. ªs« ÌÁqx s NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV, sµyùLiRó VÌÁV,

ª«sVVLjiNTP ªy²R¶ÌÁ {qsòQûÌÁV @®©s[NRP ª«sVLiµj¶ @xqsÌÁV ÀÁNTP»R½=

¼d½xqsVN][NRP.¡ª«s²R¶Li ¿yÍØ ALiµ][ÎÏÁ©«s NRPÖÁgjiLiÂ¿Á[

@LiaPR Li.

BSS 2004

Government facility

úmx sËÁÏ³ »½R * Aqx sVmx sú»½R VÌÁV

Private facility

|\\ ms#û®ªsÉ[ Þ Aqx sVmx sú»½R VÌÁV

Rural medical practitioner

ryLiúmx sµy¸¶R V/úgSsd Vßá ®\\ªsµ¶R VùÌÁV

No treatment

ÀÁNPT »½R = .~Liµ¶R ¬s ªyLiR V

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TESTING AND COUNSELING

msLik OPR QÌÁV, N_¬s=ÖÁLigi`

HIV and other communicable

diseases are often undiagnosed in

India, which means that many

people may have HIV and not

realize it. This poses a significant

danger to these individuals and

their partners. Voluntary,

confidential testing and counseling

are key elements in preventing

HIV.

Percent Who Believe It Is Possible to Obtain a Confidential HIV Test in

Their Community, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

»R½ªs« V xqsª«sWÇÁLiÍÜ[ LiR x¤¦¦¦xqsùLigS |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs mx sLik ORPQ Â¿Á[LiVVLi¿RÁV®©s[ @ªs« NSaRPLi ªs« oLiµR¶¬s ©s« ®ªsV[ ø

ªyLji aS»R½Li c ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2004

Confidential HIV testing is

important because of the

discrimination often suffered by

those with HIV. While the majority

of those in high-risk groups felt

Male clients of MSM

Migrant

s|qesxNP` =woªs«rLkiR äerLiRýs xqs*ÖÁLigRi labª«soÌuÁxqrsers

ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[ xqsLixmsLRiVäÌÁV NRPWÖdÁÌÁV

xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁV

BSS 2004

CSWs Truckers and Slum women

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V h\\®²e¶Qlûpªe«sLrýRisV, ªs« VVLij NPT ªy²¶R ÌÁ

|¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLýRiV {qsòQûÌÁV

Yes

Don't know

@ªs« o©s« V

NSµ¶R V

¾»½ÖÁ¸¶R Vµ¶R V

that is was possible to obtain a

confidential HIV test in their

community, around 20 percent of

each group did not know whether it

would be possible. This suggests

Percent Who Knew Someone Infected With HIV or

Who Had Died of AIDS, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

that education to decrease stigma

and inform about testing,

M¸alR¶eVWu¬nsiªv«sLejir+sÉiÔÁtyssµtyuùdLeóRiVnÌtÁsV

counseling, and treatment options

could be improved. Additional

ªs« VVLij NPT Sªlyu²m¶R ÌÁwo{qsmQòûÌeÁnV

measures could also be taken to

guarantee confidentiality.

Among those surveyed, roughly

half reported knowing someone

with HIV or who had died of AIDS.

Slightly more truckers and helpers,

Truc®\\²k¶eQûrªss« LiRýaVn, d|¤h¦¦e¦ÌlÁpöeLriRý Vs

|qsNP` = ªCs« LiRSäWLiRý sV

Migraªs«nÌtÁqxlsabNPRoWuÖrÁd eÌrÁsV

MSM

xqs*ÖÁLigRi xqsLixmsLRiVäÌÁV

CSWs, and migrant labourers

knew of someone infected with

Male clients of sex workers

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý ªs« µ¶Rô NPR V ªs« Â¿Áè[

xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁV

HIV or AIDS.

BSS 2004

Yes

Don't know

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r¢NPR LiR ùLi ËØ³ LiR »½R ®µ¶a[ PR LiÍÜ[ »½R NPR Väªs« gS ÌÁÕÁ³ qx sVLò iµ¶j .

stx sQ¸¶R W¬sõ giR ªs« V¬sLi¿ÁR LiR V. »½R »½R öÖé Á»½R LigS A

ªs« ùNPR VÌò ÁNPR W ªyLij ÒÁs»½R ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁNPR W .sLi»][

úmx sªs« Wµ¶R Li ªyÉÁÓ ÌÁý V»½R VLiµ¶j . |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs¬s

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s.»][ ËØµ¶R³ mx s®²¶[ ªyLiR V qx sªs« WÇÁLiÍÜ[ s¿ÁR OPR QßáNPR V

giR VLij NSNPR VLi²y LiR OPT QLi¿ÁR ²¶R Li N]qx[ sLi g]mx[ sùLigS

¬sLiR *z¤¦¦¦Li¿ÁR ÊÁ®²¶[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s. mx sLik OSQ }qsªs« ÌÁV .sLi»][

qx sªs« VW¤x ¦¦¦ÌÁÍÜ[ @»½R ùµ¶j³ NPR VÌÁNPR V »½R ªs« V qx sªs« WÇÁLiÍÜ[

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DLiµ¶j .

®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLiRý V, |qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V, ªs« ÌÁqx s NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV

ªs« ùNPR VÌò ÁV INPT Li»½R .sNPR Väªs« gS ¾»½ÌÁVqx sV.

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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2.8 Page 18

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TESTING AND TREATMENT

mx sLik OPR Q, ÀÁNPT »½R =

In 2004-05 three antiretroviral

treatment (ART) centres were

established in Andhra Pradesh.

They are Osmania General

Hospital, Hyderabad; King George

Hospital, Visakhapatnam; and

Government General Hospital,

Guntur. These centres provide free

ART to HIV-positive patients. A

total of 1,509 patients received

ART through August, 2005.

HIV can be passed from mother to

child during pregnancy, labour,

delivery, or breastfeeding. The risk

of parent to child infection can be

greatly reduced through appropriate

treatment.

At Prevention of Parent to Child

Transmission (PPTCT) Centres,

pregnant women are offered the

opportunity to be tested for HIV. If

found positive, they are given ART

to prevent them from passing HIV

to the fetus. In 2005, across Andhra

Pradesh, 1.61 percent of pregnant

women tested were HIV positive.

ART Centres in Andhra Pradesh, 2004-05

.s.AL`i.ÉÓÁ. ZNP[LiúµyÌÁV, ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P, 2004 - 05

Centre

ZNP[LiúµR¶Li

Osmania General

Hospital, Hyderabad

¥¦¦¦zqsöÈÁÍÞ, |\\ ¤¦¦¦µ¶R LSËØµ¶`

Hospital, Guntur

¥¦¦¦zqsöÈÁÍÞ, giR VLiÈÁWLiR V

King George Hospital, NPT Ligi` ÇØLijê ¥¦¦¦zqsöÈÁÍÞ,

Visakhapatnam

saSÅÁmx sÈÁí ßáLi

TOTAL

®ªsVV»½R Lò i

APSACS

Patients

registered

L][gRiVÌÁV

5,079

1,870

1,466

8,415

Number

on ART

.s.ALi` .ÉÁÓ . ÀÁNPT »½R =

.~LiµR¶VªyLRiV

829

432

248

1,509

Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission Centre

Attendees, 2002-2005

»½R ÖÁý µ¶R Liú²¶R VÌÁ ©s« VLiÀÁ ÕÁ²¶Rï ÌÁNPR V ªyùµ¶j³ ªyùzms¬ò s ¬sªyLij LiÂ¿Á[ ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁNPR V ªs« ÀÁè©s« ªyLiR V, 2002 - 2005

Number of women tested

for HIV in Andhra Pradesh

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ[ |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs mx sLik OPR Q

Number

HIV-positive

ªyLij qx sLiÅÁù

Percent

HIV-positive

ªyLij aS»½R Li

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

April 05-

August 05

82,920

183,519

215,339

101,747

2,091

2.52

4,608

2.51

4,060

1.89

1,586

1.61

APSACS

ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`PÍÜ[ 2004-05 qx sLiªs« »½R =LiR LiÍÜ[ ªs« VW²¶R V

¸R¶WLiÉÔÁ lLiúÉÜ[\\®ªsLRiÍÞ úÉÔÁÉÞ®ªsVLiÉÞ (.s.AL`i.ÉÓÁ.)

NPT Ligi` ÇØLêij ¥¦¦¦zqsöÈÁÍÞ, saSÅÁmx sÈíÁßáLi, gRiªs« LiR õ®ªsVLiÉÞ

ª«sVLiµj¶ L][gRiVÌÁV .s.AL`i.ÉÓÁ. ÀÁNTP»R½= .~LiµR¶V»R½W

D©yõLiR V.

|¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs r¡ZNP[ úmx sªs« Wµy¬sõ ¿yÍØªs« LiR NPR V

»½R gijæ Li¿ÁR ªs« ¿ÁR Vè.

¬sªyLjiLiÂ¿Á[ ZNP[LiúµyÌÁÍÜ[ gRiLji÷éßÔá {qsòQûÌÁNRPV |¤¦¦¦¿`ÁHs

xmsLkiORPQÌÁV ¬sLRi*z¤¦¦¦LiÂ¿Á[ r¢NRPLRiùLi NRPÖÁöLi¿RÁÊÁ²T¶Liµj¶.

gRiLRi÷éLiÍÜ[¬s ÕÁ²ïR¶NRPV ªyùµ³j¶ xqsLiúNRPsVLi¿RÁNRPVLi²y

.s.AL`i.ÉÓÁ ª«sVLiµR¶VÌÁV BryòLRiV. ALiúµ³R¶úxms®µ¶[a`P

1.61 aS»R½Li ª«sVLiµj¶ gRiLji÷éßÔá {qsòQûÌÁNRPV |¤¦¦¦¿`ÁHs

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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APSACS: WORKING TO PREVENT HIV

.s.zms..sq£ s..s.zqs..sq£ s. iM |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs ¬sªyLiR ßáNPR V NPR XztsQ

The Andhra Pradesh State AIDS Control Society (APSACS) was

established in 1998 as a registered society. In keeping with the

overall vision of NACO, APSACS works to reduce the spread of HIV

infection in Andhra Pradesh and to strengthen the state’s capacity

to respond to HIV/AIDS. To achieve this, APSACS has adopted a

multi-sectoral, multi-pronged approach.

APSACS’ activities and programmes include:

• Targeted interventions

• STD care and counseling

• Condom promotion

• Information, Education, & Communication (IEC) Programmes

• Blood safety

• Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centres (VCTC)

• Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission Centres (PPTCTC)

• Youth, school, and college AIDS education programmes

• HIV/AIDS awareness for women and adolescent girls

• Training of police

• Workplace interventions

• Training of medical and paramedical personnel

• Care and support centres (CSC)

• People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) networks

• Antiretroviral (ARV) treatment centres

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` LStx sí Qû .sLiVV²¶` = ¬s¸¶R VLiú»½R ßØ qx sLimx sn VLi 1998ÍÜ[ Lij ÑÁqx sí Liï` qx sLimx sn VLigS ®©sÌÁN]ÌÁöÊÁ²¶T Liµ¶j .

ÇØ¼½d ¸¶R V .sLiVV²¶` = ¬s¸¶R VLiú»½R ßØ qx sLiqx só (.s©s± ..s.zqs.I.) qx sªs« VúgiR µ¶R XNPR ö´y¬sõ µ¶R Xztsí QÍÜ[ |msÈÁí VNPR V¬s

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úmx s¼½qx söLiµ¶R ©s« ryªs« VLSó Qù¬sõ |msLiÂ¿ÁL[ iµ¶R VNPR V NPR XztsQ Â¿Ár[ ¡Lò iµ¶j . C ÌÁOPR Qù ryµ¶R³ ©s« NPR V gS©s« V

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• NRPLi²]ª[ s± V úxms¿yLRiLi

• LRiNRPò xqsVLRiORPQßá

• NSLiR ùúNPR ªs« WÌÁV

• .¡ÖÁd qx sV zqsÊÁ÷Liµ¶j NPT |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s/.sLiVV²¶` = |\\ ms bPOPR Qßá

• \\®ªsµ¶R ù, Dmx s®\\ªsµR¶ù zqsÊÁ÷Liµ¶j NPT |¤¦¦¦¿Á` .H.s/.sLiVV²¶` = |\\ ms bPOPR Qßá

• xqsLiLRiORPQßá, xqsx¤¦¦¦NSLRi ZNP[LiúµyÌÁV

• ¸¶R WLiÉÔÁ lLiúÉÜ\\®[ªsLRiÍÞ ÀÁNPT »R½= ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁV (.s.ALi` .s.)

Number of APSACS Facilities, by District, 2005 ÑÁÍØý ªyLik gS .s.zms..sq£ s..s.zqs..sq£ s. }qsªy ZNPL[ iúµyÌÁV, 2005

VCTC (209)

szqsÉÁÓ zqsÌÁV (209)

PPTCTC (93)

zmszmsÉÁÓ zqsÉÁÓ ÌÁV (93)

STD (85)

.sq£ s.ÉÁÓ .²¶T NPTý ¬sNPR VäÌÁV (85)

CSC (27)

zqs..s£qs.zqs. (27)

up to 7 8 9 10 11 or more

7 ªs« LiR NPR V

11 NPR LiÛÉÁ[ .sNPR Väªs«

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

None 1

ÛÍÁ[ª«so

or more

NPR LiÛÉÁ[ .sNPR Väªs«

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2.10 Page 20

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APSACS: THE AASHA CAMPAIGN

In July 2005, APSACS launched an

intensive, month-long AIDS

Awareness and Sustained Holistic

Action (AASHA) Campaign. AASHA

forcused on promoting AIDS

awareness, strengthening service

delivery, and increasing demand for

HIV/AIDS-related services by

engaging all sectors of society, from

government agencies to individuals

and families. The main goal of the

campaign was to deliver prevention

messages to every home in Andhra

Pradesh.

AASHA Highlights:

• Special gram sabhas were held in

34,000 villages, reaching 11 million

people.

• More than 1,200 HIV+ participants

• Intensive television and radio

campaigns were launched.

• Over 9,000 folk performances in

tribal areas.

• 100 new VCTCs and 56 new

PPTCTCs were opened.

• 43,000 new condom depots.

• 12 new orphans’ homes were

established.

• More than 12,300 peoples’

representatives attended the AASHA

gram sabhas.

• More than 200 MLAs including the

Honourable Chief Minister,

10 Honourable Ministers,

30 Honourable MPs participated.

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

.s.zms..sq£ s..s.zqs..sq£ s. iM |AaPR úmx s¿yLiR Li

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` LStx sí Qû .sLiVV²¶` = ¬s¸¶R VLiú»½R ßØ qx sLimx sn VLi

úmx sËÁÏ³ V»½R * qx sLiqx só ÌÁV ®ªsVVµ¶R ÌÁVNPR V¬s ªs« ùNPR VÌò ÁV, NPR VÈÁVLiËØÌÁ

ªs« LiR NPR V @Liµ¶R LiR W C NSLiR ùúNPR ªs« VLiÍÜ[

ALiúµ¶R³ úmx s®µ¶a[ P` ÍÜ¬[ s úmx s¼½ BLiÉÁÓ NPT |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs ¬sªyLiR ßØ

"AaPR ' c ªs« VVÆØùLiaSÌÁVM

• 34,000 úgSªs« WÍÜý [ úmx s¾»½ù[ NPR úgSªs« V qx sËÁÏ³ ÌÁ ¬sLiR *¤x ¦¦¦ßá.

• 1200NPR V |\\ msgS |¤¦¦¦¿Á` Hs .yÑÁÉÁÓ ªs± ªs« NPR Ìò ÁV. sqx sQòX»½R

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3 Pages 21-30

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3.1 Page 21

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TARGETED INTERVENTIONS

APSACS carries out targeted

interventions to reach both high and

low-risk behaviour groups.

In 2004, nearly 1 million high-risk

Number of Targeted Interventions of APSACS and AVAHAN

for High-risk Groups, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

NPR XztsQ Â¿Ár[ ¡Lò iµ¶j . 2004 qx sLiªs« »½R =LiR LiÍÜ[ µyµymx so

and bridge populations were

covered through targeted

interventions for slum dwellers,

Truckers and helpers

®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLiRý V

truckers, CSWs, street children,

migrant labourers, MSM,

CSWs

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V

transgendered persons, and

prisoners. APSACS partners with

Migrant labourers / slum populations

more than 108 NGOs to implement

these interventions. The AVAHAN

programme of the Bill & Melinda

Gates Foundation (BMGF) also

supports 60 CSW interventions,

28 with MSM, and 3 with truckers,

Composite programmes

NSLi.¡ÑÁÉÞ NSLRiùúNRPª«sWÌÁV

Street children

sd µ¶j³ ËØÌÁÌÁV

MSM and transgendered

populations

qx s*ÖÁLigiR qx sLimx sLiR VäÌÁV, z¤¦¦¦ÇÁLSÌÁV

APSACS

.s.zms..sq£ s..s.zqs..sq£ s.

ªs« LiR äLiRý V, sd µ¶j³ ËØÌÁÌÁV, ªs« ÌÁqx s NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV, qx s*ÖÁLigiR

@ªs« VÌÁVmx sLiR Vr¡Lò iµ¶j . ÕÁÍÞ @Li²¶` sVÖÁLi²y lgi²[ ¶` =

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3 úÈÁNPR äLiRý NPR V ®ªsVV»½R Lò i 150,000 ªs« VLiµ¶j ¬s Â¿Ál[LiÍ[ Ø ¬sLikñ »½R

reaching nearly 150,000 people.

Populations Reached through Targeted Interventions of APSACS

To reach lower-risk groups,

APSACS uses IEC programmes,

including print and electronic media

awareness campaigns featuring film

stars, politicians, and professional

athletes. APSACS also sponsors

folk and street theatre productions in

high prevalence districts; erects

hoardings in prime places around

and AVAHAN, Andhra Pradesh, 2004

Truckers and helpers

®\\²¶Qûªs« LiRý V, |¤¦¦¦ÌÁöLiRý V

Slum population

Prison inm\\ÛÆÁaµtk¶eÌÁsV

228,400

99,900

504,100

100,000

sd V²¶T ¸¶R W (mx sú¼½NPR ÌÁV, lLi²[ ¶T ¹¸¶W, ÉÁÔ sd ÌÁ µy*LS)

úNPU ²yNSLiR VÌÁ»][ qx sLi®µ¶a[ SÌÁ úmx s¿yLiR Li ªs« oLiÈÁVLiµ¶j . ªyùµ¶j³

cities and in rural areas; and

organizes community awareness

events such the AIDS Walk for Life,

which reached 157,000 people; and

an youth AIDS prevention education

programme for over

13 lakh students in ninth and tenth

grade in over 11,400 schools across

Andhra Pradesh.

Street children

sd µ¶j³ ËØÌÁÌÁV

49,600

Composite programmes

NSLi.¡ÑÁÉÞ NSLRiùúNRPª«sWÌÁV

46,700

CSWs

|qsNP` = ªs« LiR äLiRý V

xqs*ÖÁLigRi xqsLixmsLMRiVäSÌMÁV

Migrant labourers

ªs« ÌÁqx s NPR WÖÁd ÌÁV

45,000

32,073

11,400

12,135

9,400

APSACS

.s.zms..sq£ s..s.zqs..sq£ s.

AVAHAN

Aªyx¤¦¦¦©±s

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@Liµ¶j Li¿ÁR ²¶R Li ÇÁLij gij Liµ¶j .

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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3.2 Page 22

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PARTNERS IN PREVENTION

The campaign against HIV requires

sustained effort on the part of many

organizations. As one of the

hardest hit states in India, Andhra

Pradesh has a number of NGOs

working to stem the tide the

infection.

BMGF’s AVAHAN programme

supports prevention interventions

for saturated coverage of CSWs

and MSM in Andhra Pradesh

through the Hindustan Latex Family

Planning and Promotion Trust and

the International HIV/AIDS Alliance.

AVAHAN also supports three

interventions for truckers through

the Transport Corporation of India

Foundation.

AVAHAN has a number of other

partners to support state’s

response to HIV/AIDS including

Population Services International

for STD treatment of male clients

and condom social marketing, The

Future’s Group for essential

advocacy, the Heroes Project for

celebrity and mass-media

advocacy, and the Center for

Advocacy and Research for media

advocacy.

HIV-AIDS Andhra-05.pmd

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3.3 Page 23

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PARTNERS IN PREVENTION

¬sªyLiR ßáÍÜ[ ËØ³ giR ry*ªs« VVÌÁV

The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) supports 37 PPTCT centres in AP, 14 in medical colleges and 23 in district hospitals. As part of the

AASHA Campaign, UNICEF sponsored a campaign on self-expression to encourage children to freely express themselves on HIV/AIDS and related

topics and break the taboo of talking about safe sex. Under this part of AASHA, 46,000 high school students from 23 districts participated in various

competitions aimed at generating awareness on HIV/AIDS.

With $18.2 million from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, the Population Foundation of India is implementing a project focused

on care and support to people living with HIV/AIDS. In partnership with the Indian Network for People Living with HIV/AIDS (INP+), the Freedom

Foundation, EngenderHealth, and the Confederation of Indian Industry, the project focuses on the six high prevalence states in India, including Andhra

Pradesh.

Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA, the Global AIDS Program (GAP) helps resource-constrained countries prevent

HIV; improve treatment, care, and support for people living with HIV; and build capacity to address the pandemic. GAP India provides technical

assistance to APSACS, participated in the national rollout of ARVs, and helped to expand community care programs in one of the high prevalence

districts.

The Catholic Health Association of India (CHAI) runs 3,100 healthcare institutions across India, 315 of which are in Andhra Pradesh. In collaboration

with APSACS, CHAI established drop-in and counseling centres which provide comprehensive medical, psychological, and social support to those with

HIV. CHAI also organizes HIV education trainings.

The Trucker’s Project is funded by US Agency for International Development and the United Nations Development Programme through Family Health

International and UNAIDS. It focuses on truck and long-distance bus drivers and commercial sex workers along major motorways, including those in the

state. The main focus is on prevention and improving the socio-economic conditions of truck drivers.

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Countering HIV/AIDS in Andhra Pradesh requires a concerted and multi-pronged approach, such as those adopted by APSACS,

AVAHAN, and their partners. There are many challenges, but there is also a strong commitment by the government and NGOs to respond

to the pandemic. Universal knowledge of the threat of HIV and consistent condom use by those who have casual partners or visit sex

workers are imperative. Testing and proper treatment of sexually transmitted diseases are also keys to prevention. Confidential testing

and counseling services must be made available to all, as well as education to inform people of their importance and availability.

Education to reduce stigma and discrimination against those with HIV is also necessary. Success in these elements will greatly reduce

HIV in Andhra Pradesh.

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