PFI Annual Report 1985

PFI Annual Report 1985



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THE
FAMILY PLANNING
FOUNDATION
Annual Report
1985
Administrative Office
198 Golf Links
New Delhi 110 003
Registered Office
. Akash Deep Building
5th Floor
Barakhamba Road
New Delhi 110001
New Delhi,
June 1986

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Chairman's Report
Executive Director's Report
Note on the Foundation
Members of the Family Planning Foundation
Members of the Governing Board
Members of the Advisory Council
Members of the Advisory Panels
(a) Health and Biomedical
(b) Gynaecology and Obstetrics
(c) Demography and Statistics
(d) Social Anthropology, Sociology,
(Social Sciences)
(e) Population Policy
(f) Communication
(g) Management
(h) Environment
(i) Evaluation
(j) Community Participation
(k) Rural Development
(I) Social Health
Economics,
Politics & PsychoJogy
Index of Ongoing Projects
Details of Ongoing Projects
Index of Completed Projects/Closed
Projects and brief details
Auditors' Report
10S
Balance Sheet
106
Income and Expenditure Account
108
Schedule A (Fixed Assets)
110
Schedule B (Investments)
III
Schedule C (Sundry Deposits)
112
Schedule D (Advances)
113
Schedule E (Cash and Bank Balances)
114
Schedule F (Income and Expenditure)
lIS
Grants Sanctioned and Disbursed (Summary)
117
Financial Review
118
Budget (1986) and Expenditure (198')
119
List of PublicatiQIls

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Chairman's, Report
The year 1985 has been a year of significant change for India. The' Prime Minister,
Mr Rajiv Gandhi, has initiated moves which should help to carry the country into the 21st
century with improved, technological development and there is now a hopeful vision of the
future in terms of economic development. Our plans for development have grown in depth
and sophistication and the building of a strong, self-reliant economy is a basic objective.
However, in the fiJlal anafysis, development is for the people. The material benefits would,
therefore, be largely dependent upon the number of people who share the fruits of this process
of development. It is in this context that the demographic persPective continues to call for
maximum attention. This perspective has necessarily to provide the starting 'point for the
development of a strategy for long-term growth.
-
Despite all efforts the population growth rate continues to be excessive and thus tends' to
erode, and deprive the people of the benefits of economic growth. The need for effective
measures to reduce the growth rate is greater than ever. It is encouraging to note' that this
concern is reflected in· the Seventh Five Year Plan document and that there is a categoric.al
recognition that populatlon issues must command the highest priority for action.
'
There has doubtless been some improvement in family planning in'1985. Though the
improved performance in tlie larger States of the north such as Bihar, Madhya Pradesh,
Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh provides special satisfaction, there is no room forcomplaeency
for the relatively poor performance in these States so far has largely contributed to the
excessive population growth of the country as a whole and one hopes that this spurt in i985
will not merely be maintained but will continue to increase in rec<:>gnisablemeasure. The
States of Uttllr Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan call for special efforts for raising couple proteC-
tion rates and the recognition of this fact in the Plan document must be translated into action.
While the improvement in performance in 1985 does give some feeling of encouragement,
it is to be deplored that the target of achieving the net reproductive rate of I by the year
2000 A.D. has now been p<:>stponedas one to be reached only in 2006-2011. This is unfortu-
mite because postponement of the target is' itself likely to give all those involved in the
programme a comfortable and unjustified feeling of a lack of urgency and need of sustained
effort. It would have been more heartening if the country had retained this target for the year
2000 A. D. itself and had gone all out to seek to achieve it.
,
In achieving this target, it scarcely needs any emphasis that the family planning program-
me cannot function in isolation, nor can it be the sole responsibility of anyone department of
Government. It should, in fact, be a facet of all Government's activity. It i$ in tbis context
tbat tbe role of non-governmental organisations becomes extremely important. This role is
recognised in the Plan and the greater involvement of voluntary organisation in this'programme
would lend great strength to it. Voluntary organisation have an inherent .~tr.ength in as
much as they can be innovative an unconventional in approach, wbich Government organisa-
tions, in their very nature, do not have and their capacity for enlightening people on the
programme and for ensuring both availability and quality of service and monitoring 'of services
is enormous.

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The population problem continues to be intractable. While production during the last
35 years (1951-86) grew around 3.7 percent annually. the population growth absorbed 2.2 per
cent of it and left hardly l.j per cent annually to provide investment for improvement in the
standard of living.
A&ainat this dismal background, there is a need:
(i) to increase the rate of production from 3l per ct1ntto about 6 per cent or more; and
(0) to reduce the rate of growth of population.
While the first will require massive investment, the iocond will require a stronger and more
effective family planning programme.
Strengthening of the family planning programme and making it effective virtually involves
the transformation of the habits, customs and approach to life of over 750 to 1000 million
people in the coming decades. This illustrates the intractable nature of the population problem,
sincCl we have to influence the individual couples distributed over five lakhs of villages and
several thousands of cities to accept family planning;and the critical question is how to carry
the family planning message and make the necessary services accessible to the people. These
tasks require a professional approach to the problem. The medical profession, because of its
close contacts with the family, has to assume a larger role. particularly in the dispersing of
information about family planning and ensuring the availability of services.
ThOle in charge of education also constitute another pre-eminent resource group for
promoting the programme: The interface between education and birth rates has been clearly
established. when one compares the high literacy and low birth rate of Kerala with low literacy
and high birth rate of Rajasthan. The growth of Television and its extension to the whole
country offers an enormous potential and educationists and other professionals must address
themselves to the problem of improving the effectiveness of the TV which has a means of
communication with the people by providing Television programmes designed not only to
educate but also to attract the attention of the people with a built-in message of family
planning.
The Family Planning Foundation, as a premier NGO in the field, will continue to play
ita catalytic role within its capacity and to concentrate on areas oriented towards practical and
pragmatic programmes.
(a) Accounts for the year ended 31.12.1985 annexed on page 108 show that during the
year ended the Foundation has:
(I) not received any donations:
(ii) earned Rs 45.51 lakhs as interest on its investments;
(ill) sanctioned Rs 21.05 lakhs as project support for various programmes;
(iv) incurred an expenditure on establishment Rs 13.38 lakhs excluding depreciation
On Fixed Assets to the tune of Rs 0.17 lakhs;

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(v) disbursed Rs 18.54 lakhs as grants in instalment for ongoing projects san~ti,one4
in 1985; and
(vi) earned interest to the tune of Rs 0.64 lakhs on the lORe project grant and the
same is credited to the IDRC project grant account.
(b) As shown on page 117 of this report, in the last 15 years of its activity, the Foundation
has supported about 205 projects all 'over the country allocating a sum of nearly
Rs 244.30 lakhs. Of this amount the Foundation has actually disbursed Rs 184.44
lakhs with an outstanding commitment of Rs 59.86 lakhs.
With a view to enabling the Foundation to carryon the programme of work keeping in
mind the desire for practical, pragmatic and result oriented activities a budget allocation of
Rs 30 lakhs for project support and Rs 15.98 lakhs for establishment charges for the year 1986
has been made.
As mentioned in my last report, the Foundation's exemption under Section 35(1)(ii)
expired on 31st December 1984. The Central Board of Direct Tax have since issuedrtotifica-
tions one under Section80G(2)(a)(vii) and another J0(23C)(iv) which will enable the Foundation
to receive donations tax free up to Rs 5 lakhs and its income by way of interest would also be
totally exempled from payment of income tax. The matter regarding raising the upper aggregate
limit of Rs 5 lakhsJfor donations is still under the consideration of Ministry-of Finance in
consultation with the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
During the course of the year Mr C R Vaidyanathan, Secretary, Ministry of Health &
Family Welfare and Ex-officio Member of the Governing Board could not continue on the
Governing Board, consequent upon his appointment in another important Government
assignment. Similarly, Mrs Serla Grewal could not remain a member of the Board on
appointment as Secretary to the Prime Minister. The Governing Board bas conveyed its deep
appreciation to both of them for their valuable contribution made in the deliberations of the
Governing Board.
The Foundation was fortunate in having successive Secretaries in the Ministry of Health &
Family Welfare as Ex-officio Members of the Governing Board and their advise and guidance
on the activities of the Foundation VI ere most valuable. Mr S S Dhanoa, Secretary, Ministry
of Health & Family Welfare has now joined the Governing Board as an Ex-officio Member.

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During the course of the year, the following members of the Governing Board had comple-
ted their tenure and were unanimously re-elected:
MrJ RD Tata
M r M V Arunachalam
Dr Dipak Bhatia
MrH P Nanda
Mrs Avabai B Wadia
I take this opportunity to express my appreciation of the keen interest taken by my collea-
gues on the Board in the affairs of the Foundation.
The Foundation has continued to receive willing and invaluable help and guidance from
the members of the Advisory Council and, in particular, from its Chairman, Dr Malcolm S
Adiseshiah. Their contributions and directions have been of immense value of evaluating the
programmes of the Foundation and also for developing new programmes.
The Foundation is also indebted to the members of the Advisory Bodies, Task Groups
and the individual social workers, professionals and sciel'ltistswho have always responded to
the Foundation's call for their advice and help in developing new programmes and promoting
the, role of the Foundation in a true spirit of social service. We are grateful to the various
Departments of the Government, particularly the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare,
Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Information and Broadcasting for the sustained interest,
valuable guid~nce and full co-operation in furthering the activities of the Foundation.
I take this opportunity to acknowledge with gratitude the dedicated and outstanding
services rendered by Professor J C Kavoori as Executive Director of the Family Planning
Foundation since its very beginning 14 years ago. The Board has conveyed its appreciation
to Professor Kavoori and its warm wishes for good health and happiness in the years ahead.
The Governing Board has also acknowledged with gratitude the meritorious services
rendered 'by Commodore C Mehta as Secretary & Treasurer of the Family Planning Founda-
tion since its inception. Finally I am happy to take this opportunity to express the Governing
Body's and my own special appreciation of the good work and dedicated team spirit of all the
members of the Foundation's staff who have continued to discharge their duties with great
enthusiasm and effectiveness.

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Executive Director's R~port
1985 has been a year of considerable introspection within the Foundation. 'The basic organisa-
tiona 1decisions which were taken in 1984, which was itself a year of review, were by and large
implemented. As mentioned in the report of the Executive Director for 1984, the internal
organisation of the Foundation, including its project activities, have been under considerable
review. This process of reorganisation has continued in 1985.
Professor Kavoori retired as Executive Director of this Foundation on 31st' August 1985.
It is appropriate to record here the debt the Foundation owes him. The Board ,has acknow-
ledged with the deepest gratitude the dedicated and outstanding services rendered by Professor
Kavoori over the last 14 years which have helped in the establishment of the Foundation as a
leading non-governmental organisation with a critical catalytic role in the population cause.
Population Perspective
It is encouraging to note that the demographic perspective finds special emphasis in the
Seventh Five Year Plan document. It is also heartening to note that while the Seventh Plan,
which relates to the period 1985-90, emphasises the importance of popUlation as a key variable
in development, the Plan goes on to consider the population scenario in the year 2000 A.D.
The continuing disappointment at the prevailing high ~rowth rate of population has been
emphasised in the Chairman's report. The fact that this growth rate cannot be conSidered
satisfactory has been clearly brought out in that report. Nevertheless, it is hoped that the
recognition of high growth of population as probably setting the limit of economic growth will
-continue to pervade all investment decisions in the appropriate socio-economic sectors. The
need for effective measures to reduce the growth of population has been recognised and we
hope that this emphasis will continue to command priority. The demographic perspective
necessarily implies a substantial increase in the requirement of investments in social infrastruc-
ture. The fact that other sectors of development are now recognised as closely connected
with the population issue and, in fact, with the development of human resources, is also
encouraging.
The official projections as reflected in the Plan document indica~e a projected birth' rate
and death rate of 29.7 and 10.7 per thousand during the period 1986-91, 26.7 and 9.3 between
1991-96 and 23.7 and 8.4 in the period 1996-2001. This would result in a population of the
order of 837 millions in 1991, 913 millions in 1996 and 986 millions in 200 1. These projections
are critically dependent upon the tempo of couple protection rates being maintained at current
levels. In this context, it is unfortunate that the Plan document assumes that the attainment
of the 60 per cent protection rate by the year 2000 A.D. will not be possible. This is unfort-
unate because this couple protection rate is what has been suggested as appropriate if we are to
attain a net reproductive rate of 1 by that year so that population stability is achieved. Ghen
the importance of population as a key variable in the socio-economic development of the
country, we would urge that the assumptions made in the Seventh Plan, on the basis of which
it has been concluded that the goal of NRR-l by the year 2000 A.D. cannot be achieved and
has to be put off to almost 2011, should be reconsidered. It should be well within the organi-

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sational abilities to maintain an increase 6f 2 per cent couple protection rate per annum,
which, in fact, the Seventh Plan envisages, right through till 2000 A.D. This would result in
an achievement of 60 per cent couple protection rate from the level of 32.3 at the beginning of
the Seventh Plan. It is also essential that a hard look is taken at the mix of contraceptive
methods which would be made avai]able in future. This is because the momentum factor
would result in the proportion of population in the younger age groups increasing and these
age groups would be inappropriate for terminal methods. The levels of population that the
country would eventually have would critically depend upon the performance in the large
States of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh in the next fifteen years.
It is well recognised that the growth rate of population is strongly influenced by activity in
those sectors which are associated with fertility. Such sectors would include female education,
maternal and child care, reduction in infant mortality, raising the age of marriage, etc. Activity
in these areas would strongly support and influence fertility decisions and this would in essence
be a "beyond family planning" approach. Apart from direct investment decisions which would
strengthen activity in these sectors, the levels of infrastructure availability relating to medical
facilities, access to such facilities as represented by roads, protected water supply and associa-
ted areas would also need to be enhanced. In essence these are development sectors with a
strong population orientation and these require as much attention as programmes relating to
direct intervention in fertility control. The levels of investment in these sectors would strongly
influence social dimensions of population. It would be most appropriate if State Governments,
particularly in the three States referred to, take a hard look at the proportion of plan funds
allocated to these sectors so that there might be a total af>proach to the population problem.
A descriptive account of projects now on hand and those completed is included in this
report. It has always been the expectation of the Foundation that the conclusions drawn from
a study or recommendations that emerge from project work would provide some guidance to
policy makers 'and those concerned with implementation of programmes in family planning.
Tn this context, it would be appropriate to mention the follow-up action which has been taken
on. the basis of the Diagnostic Study on Population Growth, Family Planning and Develop-
ment, 197J -81, prepared by the Director (Evaluation), for the States of Gujarat, Orissa, Rajas-
than, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh. The Government of India have been impressed with
the recommendations in the studies, which are supported by a strong analytical base, and it has
been suggested that the reports should be discussed with programme managers in each of the
States concerned. The first meeting towards this end was held in Rajasthan on 12th June 1985.
It is intended to have such follow-up meetings with State Officials in the State itself so that
participation of a much larger number of programme officials at State Levels would be
possible.
. Another ~igniticant development during the )'ear has been the finalisation of the project
"A Study of Infant Mortality and its Relationship with Fertility" which would be undertal<;:enin
colhiboration with the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Canada. Negotia-
tions.and obtaining of necessary approvals took some time. Howev~:iltJune 1985 the IORC
conveyed its general acceptance of the project proposal and action 'was iDltiated. for appoint-

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ment of a Project Director. Dr B R PatH, formerly of the Council for Social Development,
New Delhi, has joined in March 1986 as Project Director.
.
One of the most important developments this year was the role the Foundation\\~s called
upon to play at the national level towards assisting the formulation of new approa~ and
strategies to solve the population question. Programme Director (Communication) was one of
five experts invited to a consultative meeting with the Prime Minister and the Union Health
Minister in July 1985. Following this, Programme Director (Communication) was nominated
to the Government of India delegation to the UN Conference on the International Women's
Decade held in Nairobi. She was also asked by the Prime Minister's Secretariat to prepare a
report on the effectiveness of current family planning communication efforts and to suggest
improvements in this area specifically, as well as other measures to gear up the family planning
programme and mobilise general support. This report was submitted in October 1985. The
Foundation further participated in the series of meetings held by the Ministry of Health late
1985 through early 1986 to evolve the strategies and plan of action for the next four years,
which has been since submitted to the Prime Minister for approval:
Another significant development on the communication front during the year under review
was the direction given by the Advisory Council and approved by the Governing Board for the
Foundation to directly undertake some communication activities, particularly in the creation
of materials for TV software and use in non-broadcast channels. One 30 minute video has
been completed and further work on other programmes is now in progress.
Yet another major development during 1985, which constitutes a new breakthrough in the
Foundation's programming capacity, was the dynamic intermediary role played by the organi-
sation to secure a massive enlargement of one of its pilot action demonstration projects
through Government of India funds supplemented by the funded institution itself. Operation
Concern, the project with the Guru Milk Union, Bhatinda, involving the milk cooperative
infrastructure in family welfare has further offered a conceptual model that is being accepted
in other parts of the country.
The implementation of the various recommendations suggested in the re'port prepared by
Dr Ramesh Mehta of the Administrative Staff College, Hyderabad, has been continued during
the year. Most of the procedural suggestions contained in the report have been implemented.
Detailed procedures have been laid down for the processing of incoming and outgoing mail
and for the appraisal and processing of project proposals. Clear job specifications have been
drawn up and internal management systems considerably strengthened. In fact, as a logical
result of the recommendation of internal management, a detailed review was undertaken of
the status of the various projects funded by the Foundation.
During 1984, a review was carried out of the projects funded by the Foundation and it
was felt that preference should be given to projects which are likely to provide early results or
show promise of an important kind. Based on a total review of the projects undertaken by
the Foundation, a special analysis was made on closed projects. This analysis has provided
valuable guidelines based on working experience. The guidelines that have emerged and which
should influence choice of projects are as follows:

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(a) The need for administrative and financial aspects of the projects in each case to be
visuaIised as a unified process. They should be so formed as to ensure that there are
no problems of coordination. This requires continuous process of planning of the
projects from the pre-planning to the post-evaluation stages.
(b) Agencies seeking assistance should be selected with care and diligence, particularly
about their actual and potential capabilities, to undertake meaningful programmes,
especially of a forward-looking and innovative kind. This would include also the
capacity of the institution and its willingness to accept the monitoring role of the
foundation.
(c) Release of money to be related to performance in a rational understanding framewoJ;"k.
(d) Sympathetic understanding of the dynamics of the changing process in a project.
especially those with a field-orientation. The staff should have continuous intimate
relationship with the project. Knowledge gathered should be fed into the internal
assessment of the proje~t and the action to follow for monitoring and financial
adjustments.
(e) Anticipate problems in the projects well ahead of hme. Be willing and flexible to deal
with the problems arising in each project.
These lessons of experience would certainly help the Foundation in sharpening its instru-
ments of appraisal and evaluation of projects in future.
As part of the continuing attempt at improving the functions of the Foundation, the role of
the Advisory Council was also reviewed by the Board. In the meeting of the Board held in
March 1985, the role of the Advisory Council was more clearly defined as follows:
(a) Consideration of feedback report on projects to be submitted by the Foundation and
guide the Foundation on the effective implementation of the projects, their follow-up
and application of the findings of the projects for programme improvement;
(b) An assessment of the ongoing family planning programme by individual members of
the Advisory Council, with particular reference to their field of expertise; and
(c) Prioritisation of the suggestions emerging from (a) and (b) above and drawing up
recommendations for the Foundation regarding the annual plan of work for the next
year.
The Advisory Council has rendered objective and comprehensive advice which has been
invaluable im the choice and designing of projects within the broad functions of the Foundation
itself.
As part of the improvement of internal administrative systems, a review was made of the
Advisory Panels. These panels have been strengthened by induction. of experts from various
disciplines such as social science, demography, health and biomedical sciences, communication,
community participation, etc. With the strengthening of the Advisory Panels and. keeping ill
view the need for sufficient delegation to expedite decision making, the powers to sanction
projects arenow as follows:

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Project costing Rs. 50,000 to Rs. I lakh
Projects costing Rs. 1 lakh and over
Internal examination by the Family
Planning Foundation.
To be referred to an outside expert.
To be referred to an Advisory Panel.
In addition, the Executive Director is empowered to sanction a project costing up to
Rs. 25,000, with an overall annual ceiling of Rs. 1 lakh without reference to the Board. All
projects above this limit will necessarily be placed before the Board for approval.
The construction of a building for the Foundation has been under active consideration
during the year but, due to certain circumstances beyond the control of the Foundation, the
project could not be commenced. The main difficulty has been the dependence on one major
tenant who has subsequently witbdrawn, necessitating a second hard look at the project itself.
Very recently, the Building Committee has taken a view on this project and it is likely that the
entire building will be put up in phases in order to encroach upon the corpus of funds to the
least extent possible and preserve the quantum of funding for projects at current levels. The
Building Committee, with Dr Bharat Ram as Chairman and Dr K L Wig, Dr Dipak Bhatia
and Mr Justice G D Khosla as members, bas enthusiastically been following up the project and
the Foundation looks forward to the construction commencing in 1986.
Since the Foundation has by and'large been following the patterns in Government with
regard to benefits to employees, bonus has been granted for the year 1985 following the prece;.
dent set in 19~4.
Another benefit extended to the staff for the first time has been the grant of education
subsidy. This subsidy is available for the first two children and reimbursement is based on
actual expenditure supported by the usual production of certificates from the head of the
institution, with a maximum limit of Rs 100 per month. This financial assistance for education
covers all levels from nursery class through to the university, including professional Courses.
The upper age limit for entitlement would be 22 years in the case of the children.
Leave rules have also been amended to rationalise both entitlement and encashment
benefits.
As mentioned in the annual report for 1984, the Foundation has been deprived of certain
tax concessions, which has had a serious impact on raising of funds through donations. The
previous 100 per cent rebate for donations in the hands of the donors no doubt still exists but
this benefit is largely taken away since this rebate is granted under Section 80G which is of a
highly restricted character. With the building project likely to commence in 1986, the raising of
substantial funds for the Foundation becomes an important matter, particularly in view of the

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anxiety to enchancc the total quantum of project funding. One continues to hope that repre-
sentations to the Government of India on this matter will be sympathetically viewed in tho
appropriate quarters.
It is heartening to note that the Foundation has been increasingly involved in projects
which have policy implications and that the senior staff members have been working in close
collaboration with government agencies. Now that the Foundation has been in existence for
over 15 years, it would seem appropriate to take stock of what has been done and to review
the recommendations that have emerged from the various studies conducted and to see how
far these recommendations can be synthesized in such a manner as to provide some degree of
assistance to the policy maker. An evaluation of the work of the Foundation from this point
of view is an activity which, hopefully, would be undertaken this year. The Foundation has
had a funding and promotional role. A more active attempt would have to be made to
identify issues of current importance in family planning and associated sectors of development
and seek out suitable organisations or individuals who could carry out the appropriate project
activities for the better understanding of the issues involved in and the problems relating to
these identified areas.
With the increasing recognition of the role of non-governmental organisations in family
planning activity, and indeed in almost every development sphere, a new phase has emerged.
Trends indicate that there will be increasing scope far more active interaction with Govern-
ment by NGDs and that their increasing participation will not merely be welcomed but encou-
raged by Government. It is in this context that the Foundation can look forward to playing a
major role as a focal point for activising voluntary organisations and agencies in the field of
of family planning and health so that thereis an increasing involvement of such organisations
in this task.

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The Family Planning Foundation (FPF) is a non-governmental voluntary research organisation
created to play both supportive and innovative roles in helping solve India', population
problem, and al~o help evolve effective population policies. The Foundation, sponsored by a
group of leading industrialists, professionals, social workers, grew out of the realisation that
the magnitude and complexity of India's population and development problems called for
galvanising voluntary efforts to supplement the Government's programme. The Foundation
has its Chairman in Mr J R D Tata.
The Foundation is registered as a society under the Societies Registration Act of 1860 in
the Union Territory of Delhi.
The Foundation's funds are utilised in promoting re,earch and related programmes, guide
and support interested \\lnd positively motivated organisations, institutions, particularly non-
governmental, and individuals in innovative research and action research programmes in
population, family planning and related fields. As a part of this precess it lays stress on aiding
voluntary organisations to mobilise resources, augment their institutional structures and develop
research capabilities.
Projects and programmes with replicative and high feedback value, both long-term and
short-term, receive the highest priority. The operational areas of the Foundation embraces the
wbole country.
The F~ndation operates in close touch with the policies and priorities of the population
and family planning programme of the Government of India and meaningfully relates its
efforts to these programmes.
The Foundation is the only organisation of its kind in India. As a funding, promoting
organisation its role and work will take on more activistic stance in a spirit of independence
and creativity. This is a continuing stance with a strong goal-orientation.

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Members of the
Family Planning Foundation
1. Mr J R D Tata
2. Dr Bharat Ram
3. Mr M V Arunachalam
4. Mrs Tara Ali Baig
5. Dr Dipak Bhatia
6. Mr G K Devarajulu
7. Mr S S Dhanoa
8. Mr S P Godrej
9. Dr M S Gore
10. Mr Jaykrishna Harivallabhadas
11. ·Mr B M {(haitan
12. Mr Justice G D Khosla
13. Mr Yamutal Kirloskar
14. Mr Arvind M Lalbhai
15. Mr A L Mudaliar
16. Mr H P Nanda .
17. . Dr K A Pisharoti
18. DrKNRaj
19. Mr Raunaq Singh
20. Dr D P Singh
21. Dr L M Singhvi
22. Mr A Sivasailam
23. Mr T T Vasu
24. Dr B G Verghese
25. Mrs Avabai B Wadia
26. Dr K L Wig
27. Mr P Padmanabha

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Members of the
Governing Board
1. Mr J R D Tata
2. Dr Bharat Ram
3. Mr M V Arunachalam
4. Mrs Tara AU Baig
5. Dr Dipak Bhatia
6. Mr SP Oodrej
7. Mr Justice G D -Khosla
8. Mr H P Nanda
9. Dr D P Singh
10. Mr B G Verghese
11. Mrs Avabai B Wadia
12. Dr K L Wig
13. Mr S S Dhanoa
14. Mr P Padmanabha
Chairman
Vice-Chairman
Member
Member
Member
Member
-Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member Ex-officio
Member and Executive
Director, FPF

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Members of tbe
Advisory Council
1. Dr Malcolm S Adiseshiah
·2. Dr R S Arole
3. Dr (Mrs) Banoo J Coyaji
4. Dr P C Joshi
5. Dr Madhuri R Shah
6. Dr V Ramalingaswami
7. Dr J K Satia
8. Dr M N S.rinivas
9. Dr K Srinivasan
10. Dr (Mrs.) Vina Mazumdar
11. Dr Yash Pal
12. Mr R P Kapoor

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Members of the Advisory Panels
Health and Biomedical
Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Demography and Statistics
1. Dr. B.K. Anand
2. Prof N S Deodhar
3. Dr Laxmi Rahmattullah
4. Dr Vasudev
5. Dr M R N Prasad
6. Dr T C Anand Kumar
7. Dr Badi"i N Saxena
8. Dr J S Gill
9. Dr Padma Kashyap
10. Dr C P Bhatia
1. Dr S N Mukherjee
2. Dr Vera Hingorani
1. Prof Prem P Talwar
2. Prof K Ramachandran
3. Dr PH Reddy
Social Anthropology, Sociology, Economics, Politics
and Psycbology (Social Sciences)
Population Policy
Communication
1. Prof A M Shah
2. Dr Victor S D'Souza
3. Prof Imtiaz Ahmed
4. Dr Asha Bhende
5. Dr B R PatH
6. Dr Leela Dube
1. Dr 0 Seth
2. Dr Vasant Pethe
1. Mr G N S Raghavan
2. Mr V N Kakkar
3. Mr Chanchal Sarkar
Management
1. Dr B 0 Sharma
Environment
1. Dr R K Pachauri
Evaluation
L Mr S SNair
2. Mr G A Kulkarni
Community Participation
Rural Development
Social Health
1. Dr Vijay Kumar
2. Dr a P Ghai
3. Dr L M Nath
4. Dr Dilip Mukerjee
1. Mr Bunker Roy
1. Dr Mrs Kamla Gopal Rao
23

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Staff
Prof J C Kavoori
Mr P Padmanabha
Mr· K Balakrishnan
Mr V K Ramabhadran
Ms Rami Chhabra
Mr S Ramaseshan
Executive Director (Till 30-9-85)
Executive Director (Designate)
Secretary and Treasurer and Director Administration
Director (Evaluation)
Programme Director (Communication)
Accounts Officer
A F Ferguson and Co.
Post Box No. 24
New Delhi-l 10 001

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Index of Ongoing Projects
&:
Brief Details

3 Pages 21-30

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3.1 Page 21

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Index of Ongoing Projects
81 Title of the Project
No
Principal Investigator/Project
Director
Amount
Sanctioned
Ils
Page
No
1. Phase II Clinical Trials on Con-
traceptive Effectivenesi of Banjauri
(Vicoa Indica)
2. Contraceptive Effectiveness of
Banjauri in Female Bonnet
Monkeys
3. Mechanism of Secretion of Chorio-
nogonado-tropins in Pregnant
Monkeys and Human Placental
Tissue Cultures
4. Studies on Carrier Proteins for
Water·Soluble Vitamins in Preg-
nancy
Professor N R Moudgal/
Dr A Jagannadha Rao
5. Development of (i) Anti-Pregnancy
Vaccine and (ii) Pregnancy Testing
Kit
6. Trial of an Injectable Male. Con-
traceptive
4,35,000
2;70,000
50,000
2,00,000
55,000
2,40,000
1,50,000
50,000
1,69,000
2,40,000
2,00,000
2,12,000
2,49,590
80,000
2,00,000
2,49,000
1,00,000
5,25,000
2,00,000
1. Operation Concern: Demonstra-
tion Project for Primary Health
Care and Family Planning Services
through the Milk Cooperative
Infrastructure
2,70,000
62,000

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SI Title of the Project
Ne
Pr*ipal Investigator/Project
Director
Amount
Sanctioned
Rs
Page
No
2. Involvement of Parliamentarians
and Legislators in Promoting
Family Planning :
(i) Second National Conference of
Parliamentarians on Population
and Development
(ii) Asian Forum of Parliamen-
tarians on Population and
Development Exchange of
Expertise and Experience in the
Field of PopUlation Develop-
ment Related issues
(iii) Involvement of Parliamentarians
and Legislators in Promoting
Family Planning in their consti-
tuencies
3. Innovative Scheme for Massive
Family Planning through Wides-
pread Public Support in Sawai
Madhopur District, Rajasthan
4. Mother Child and Family Welfare
Project
Mr Ramakant Sharma,
Secretary to Government,
Health and Medical Depart-
ment, Rajasthan
Mr B Chatterjee
Mr A C Sen
5. A Demonstration-cum·Study Pro-
gramme for Family Development
(with special focus on family plan-
ning) for the Social Transformation
of Two Communities (Rural and
Urban) in West Bengal
6. Community based distribution of
contraceptive in district Mainpuri,
(U P)
50,000
71,480
1,00,000
5,00,000
2,46,000

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SI Title of the Project
No
Principal Investigator/Project
Director
Amount
Sanctioned
Rs
Page
No
1. Research Design on the study of
the Perception of the people on
population education
2. "Because People Matter" Audio-
Visual presentation
3. Video Software Development for
TV and Non Broadcast channels
4. Audio-Visual from Sikar district
local specific material
5. Awareness, Attitudes and Practices
among members of Parliament
Dr R Champakalakshmi and
Mrs C Juyal
1. Diagnostic Study of Population
Growth Rate and Family Planning
in Six States in a Developmental
Perspective
2. Study of Infant Mortality in rela-
tion to Fertility
3. Changing Family Organisation
among Khasis and Garos
Mr V K Ramabhadran
Sponsored by FPF
1. International Conference on Health
Policy: Ethics and Human Values
2,00,000
3,00,000
2S,OOO

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PROJECT TITLE Phase If Clinical Trials on Contraceptive Effectiveness of Banjauri (Vicoa
Indica)
Sanctions
Rs 4,35,000 (03-11-78)
Rs 2,70,000 (04-12-81)
Rs 50,000 (18-08-82)..
Disbursements
Rs 7.90.000
(upto Nov. 1985)
Rs 2,00,000 (20-12-83 after Peer Review)
Rs 55,000 (21-12-84)
Rs 2,40,000 (20-12-85)
Rs 1,00,000
(on 4·3-86)
September, 1985 (observational period of 18 months on each required)
(I) The Phase II Clinical Study with 15 gms daily dose of Banjauri for 3
days far 3 cycles would seek to establish the contraceptive effectiveness
in a group of 50 women;
(2) Study the immediate or delayed systemic effects and any alterations 'in
the biochemical, haematological or hormonal profile and changes in
the menstrual pattern.
The Phase II trials with two Batches has with Batch I on 5 gms of VI OD x 3
days x 3 Cycles and Batch II on 15 gms of VI OD x 3 days x 3 Cycles were
completed. In Phase I Batch I. out of 75 subjects interviewed, 21 were
rejected wrile 37 dropped out prior to therapy and out of the remaining.
9 cases completed the third course of drug administration (dosage of 5
gros). Among these 9, there were 5 failures while with 4 cases, there was
successful contraception over a period ranging from 13 to 17 months. All
the failures underwent MTP. In the second Batch (recruitment period
December 1984/August 1985) a total of 127 subjects were interviewed. of
whom 44 were rejected while 64 dropped out prior to therapy. Out of
the remaining, cases completed the third course of drug administration
(dosage of 15 gms) of which there were 4 failures, while,· 5 were
successful with a follow up ranging from 3 to 7 months. In one case,
there was no exposure to pregnancy while there was one case of patient
failure.

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The Phase II Clinical Trials have alrOlldy started in September!
October 1985 with recruitment of 16 cases, of whom, 12 are continuing
as on 31 March 1986. The 4 drop outs are reported to be due tOt-t
(i) staying away from husband;
(ii) objection by mother-in-law;
(iii) bad taste of drug;
(iv) patient failure.
On the basis of the review of the Chandigarh project along with the
experts from the Bangalore Project, the Project Director has been
requested to complete the recruitment of the prescribed number of SO
cases in Phase II by September 1986. For this purpose, it was recognised
that it might be necessary to recruit clients from outside the POI caseS and
accordingly, it was decided to appoint a social worker who cannot only
assist in recruitment but secure drug compliance. The Project Director
has been requested to send reports to the Foundation every six
months giving detailed information (inclUding protocol of each female)
instead of summarizing of !ggte~ating the resalts.
Commencement
Objectives
Sanctions
Rs 1,50,000 (31-07-81)
Rs 50,000 (18-08-82)
Disb ursemen ts
Rs I,II,429.05
(Up to 10-5-84)
Rs 1,69,000 (20-12-83 after Peer
Review)
Rs 1,44,571.00
(16-10-85)
April 86
(1) To confirm the prima-facie evidence that the dosage of 28 gms of
Banjauri results in non-pregnancy status in female Bonnet monkeys
over a reasonably long duration;
(2) To study the contraceptive effectiveness of 50 gms dose;
(3) To undertake toxicology and growth study on the off-springs of
Banjauri fed monkeys.
The progress achieved so far was reviewed in a joint meeting in which the
experts working on the contraceptive effects of B~njauri on monkeys in

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the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and those conducting clinical
trials on Banjauri in PGI, Chandigarh participated. The review of this
project brought out:
(I) Banjauri administered to postpartum monkeys, even with a high dose
of 50 gms, did not confer protection from pregnancy in subsequent
cycles.
(2) .In cycling monkeys, administration of the drug with a total dose of 14
gms on four animals did not prevent pregnancy.
(3) In three monkeys fed on high dose of 50 gms, two have become pre-
gnant and one showed erratic cycles.
(4) In the case of six cycling monkeys with a total dose of 28 gms, non-
pregnancy status has been maintained for more than 4 years-February
82 to March 1986. Since a normal monkey becomes pregnant with
three exposures, the absence of pregnancy in these animals even after
13.7 ovulatory cycle exposures underlines the significance of this result
and the need for further work.
(5) No toxicology or growth studies were done on young ones born to
Banjauri fed monkeys.
The discussion centered on the bell type of reaction (lack of con-
traception effect at the extremes of 14 gms, erratic results with 50 gms and
with contraception effect at 28 gms) and it was decided that while the
effect of 28 gms dose should be reconfirmed, a few monkeys on 50 gms
need also to be studied.
After discussion of the experience of the Bangalore project, the
following design was suggested for further work :-
(a) Six monkeys, out of the group already studied, may be put on 28 gms
dose, the dosage being administered in the manner already adopted so
far. This is to confirm the prima· facie evidence that this dosage results
in a non-pregnancy status over a reasonably long duration.
(b) Four monkeys, out of the group already studied, will be administered
the 50 gms dosage in order to reconfirm the erratic results obtained
so far.
(c) On an independent batch of monkeys, a dosage of 28 gms will be
administered in a split manner of 3 gms per day for three cycles. The
experience gained from this experiment is intended to be correlated
with the experience of similar administration of split dosages in the
Chandigarh project.
(d) Ohservational data on the progeny would be maintained to study the
effects of the drug on the progeny.
Based on the above decisions, the Project Director was requested
to initiate the experiments urgently and send to the Foundation the project

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reformulated as above. In order to secure a coordinated approach to the
determination of contraceptive effectiveness of Banjauri, the review group
would meet every six months.
PROJECT TITLE Mechanism of Secretion of Chorionogonado-tropins in Pregnant Monkeys
and Human Placental Tissue Cultures.
Sanctions
Rs 2,40,000 (29-11-77)
Rs 2,00,000 (4-12-81)
Disbursements
Rs 3,10,000
(Up to May 1984)
Rs 2,12,000 (20-12-83 after peer
Review
Rs 2,49,590 (21-12-84)
Rs 4,59,445.74
(May 84-Dec. 85)
Project has ended on 31-3-86
To investigate the feasibility of developing a suitable mechanism to
interfere with Chorionic Gonadotropins (CG) production, which can pos-
sibly be used as a fertility limiting agent.
Progress under this project was reviewed by a team, led by Dr Dipak
Bhatia, which visited Bangalore on 14-12-1985. The Committee noted
that the project has been able to establish a radio-immuno-assay method
to measure LHRH levels in monkeys. Project Directors also assured the
Committee that they would be able to complete the estimation of LHRH
levels during the menstrual cycle as well as during the pregnancy in the
experimental monkeys and submit the completed report by March 1986.
Since the Project has fulfilled the objectives'of the study, the Committee
recommendCd that the funding by the Foundation may be discontinued
from 31 March 1986.
As good work has emerged out of this study, the Committee advised
Dr Rao to explore the possibility of the project being followed up in
collaboration with the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow,
who have the expertise and know~how to make LHRH analogues
especially the antagonists which would be useful for early termination of
pregnancy. Though the initiative for thi has to come from the Project
Directors the Foundation has assured the Project Directors that they would
have no objection to the results' of the findings from the Foundation's
supported study being made available to the CDRI in developing a colla-
borative project proposal.

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Terminal report on th~ project as on 31st March 1986 has been
received and is under examination.
Sanctions
Rs 80,000 (30.07.80)
Rs 2.00,000 (04.12.81)
Rs 2,23,243.29 (Up to May 1984)
Rs 3,25,000 (May 84 to Dec. 85)
Rs 2,49,000 (20.12.83 after Peer Review)
Rs 1,00,000 (21.12.84)
(I) To isolate and characterise riboflavin carrier protein (RCP) and
thiamin carrier protein (TCP), from pregnant mothers;
(2) To develop sensitive methods of assays for monitoring their levels
during pregnancy, menstruation and 'Pill' intake;
(3) To rule out side-effects on the mother following active immunization
against the carrier proteins.
The project was reviewed by a team whiah visited Bangalore on 14.12.1985
and discussion were held with Dr P R Adiga. The findings indicated that
response in monkeys to the immunisation was variable, resulting in diffe-
rent levels of antibodies (antibody titres) in the monkeys, which in turn
meant that some of the pregnancies could not be terminated (about 40
per cent) and in those where pregnancies got terminated, they occurred
between 35 to 56 days, which if extrapolated to human conditions would
result in late demonstration of pregnancy termination.
This project which was supported by the Foundation has provided
evidence that active immunisation with Water-Soluble Vitamins can termi-
nate the pregnancy. It is not possible at the present time to answer the
question as to whether in the case of failures, the foetus would be affected
adversely in terms of its growth and development and whether this depri-
vation would result in teratogenic effect.
The Committee was of the view that since Dr Adiga has been able
to attract ICMR funding for further research and development of this
study, the project funding by the Foundation be discontinued after the 31st
March 1986. The terminal report on the project as on 31st March 1986 is
awaited.

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PROJECT TITLE Development of:
(i) Anti-Pregnancy Vaccine and
(ii) Pregnancy Testing Kit.
Institute
AIl India Institute of Medical Sciences/Indian Institute of Immunology,
New Delhi.
Budget
Sanctions
Disbursements
Rs 5,25,000
Rs 5.15,000
Rs 2,00,000
Rs 1.85,000
(Additional amount of Rs 1,00,000 to be made available on demand by
the Project Director)
Objectives Duration The activities funded by the Foundation began in April, 1975 and ended
in 1984.
(i) Objective of this project is to exploit the immune response of the
body to block the action of certain critical bioactive molecules which
are crucial for pregnancy at one stage or the other, i.e. right from
conception to maintenance.
(ii) Development of a pregnancy testing kit.
The progress made under this project was discussed by Dr K L Wig and
Dipak Bhatia with the Project Director. In their assessment, the project
has reached an advanced state, as a result mainly of the Foundation's
critical· initial financial support and it has been recommended that the
Foundation should continue to make available some token funds as and
when needed by the Project Director. This was suggested, particularly
because of the importance attached to the development of anti-pregnancy
vaccine, which has been commended by the agencies like the Federal Drug
Administration of the United States and other countries.
(ii) As regards the development of pregnancy testing kit, the discussions
indicated that what was now necessary was the development of a market-
ing technique of the product, in order to transfer it from the laboratory
to the shelf table. This was necessary because although the product itself
cost very little, the marketing involved a sizeable percentage of the cost
and unless an organisation was set up to develop the marketing facility.
the product may not become commercially viable. It was decided that to
explore this aspect further, a meeting be arranged between Dr Bharat Ram
and Dr Talwar in which Drs K L Wig and Dipak Bhatia could partici-
pate. This meeting is yet to be arranged.
The views of the Indian Council of Medical Research on the effec-
tiveness of the pregnancy test hit are important to elicit before the hit

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can be used on any scale in the country. The foundation has played a
role in ensuring that ICMR examines the kit-technicians from 4 institu-
tions in Delhi selected by ICMR have been sent for a one day training on
its use. Dr Talwar reports that adequate supplies have been given and that
testing is ongoing in these 4 institutions. They are expected to provide a
feedback after 100 tests have been done in each institution.
Centre for Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science,!
Indian Institute of technology New Delhi.
A polymer and methodology of administration into the lumen of the vas
deferens of male monkeys for achieving contraception has been developed
and standardised at the AIIMS & lIT, New Delhi. It is proposed to
evaluate the contraceptive efficacy ~f this new procedure at inadependent
centres by using the polymer prepared at the All India Institute of Medical
Sciences and Indian Institute of Technology.
The research in the present project focuses on a methodology of fertility
control in males through a class of polymers which have intensive property
of lowering pH and thereby inhibiting the functional ability of the
spermatozoa to fertilize the ovum. Since the polymer does not degrade
and does not go into solution, it is not expendable and the lifetime of a
depot formed by a single injection is theoretically very long.
The work carried out so far (prior to the project grant by the
Foundation) indicates that the injection of a polymer into the vas of the
rats has produced contraception, which is also reversible. Trials on
primates in AIlMS laboratory have established contraceptive effectiveness
and reversibility is being studied as part of the project funded by the
Foundation. Also multi-centric trials would be organised with the help
of the ctitical support, provided by the Foundation for three months
(January-March 1986). From April 1986, funds are anticipated from
ICMR and the WHO.
The Summary Report on the project indicates that the administra-
tion of styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) has three modes of actions on the
basis of the observational data. Monkey with a high dose (400 mg) of
SMA continued to maintain an effective vas deferens lumen block and
thus fertility is controlled. In intermediate doses (100 mg) of SMA, there

4 Pages 31-40

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4.1 Page 31

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is initial occlusioD followed by non-occlusive control of fertility and in
low doses (I6.65 mg) of SMA, after a period of time, fertility is restored
ipontaneously indicating that the approach can be used for limited period
of fertility control with no second manipulation to gain reversal. It has
also been established in one monkey that following reversal, there has
been pregnancy as determined by palpation by a specialist.
Besides, the above contraception and reversibility study, the under-
mentioned associated investigations were conducted:
(i) Harmonal Levels: Within the limits of biological variability and
accuracy in the procedure, serum testosterone levels are not altered
by reversal. As a part of the mating programme, hormone levels
of female monkeys were also estimated.
(ii) Antisperm Antibody determination: It has been found that antibody
levels in monkeys with occlusive block is higher than those with
low dose treatment and patent lumen.
(iii) Scanning Electron Microscopy: The effect of the polymer on sper-
matoza was further evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and
it has been found that SMA has effect on the morphology both
in-vitro and in-vivo.
(iv) Toxicity Studies: Toxicity studies carried out using the methodo-
logy prescribed by the ICMR showed that haemotological as well
as blood biochemistry data of treated monkeys continued to be
within normal limits.

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II. Demonstration/Experimental Projects:
Healtb and Social Development
PROJECT TITLE Operation Concern: Demonstration Project for Primary Health Care and
Family Planning Services through the Milk Cooperative Infrastructure
Budget
Rs. 2,70,000 June 1982
Rs 62,000 December 1983
To stimulate the involvement of the milk cooperative infrastructure in
primary health care and family welfare work; and further, to demonstrate
its enormous potential to accelerate improvements in the community's
health conditions through such involvement.
'
The pilot project was initiated in July ·1982, but field work commenced
only in February 1983. Despite considerable teething troubles, com-
'0 pounded by the complex political situation in Punjab that made it
exceedingly difficult attract and retain personnel for rural field work,
the project was sufficiently successful in the 14 villages covered to enthuse
Guru Milk Cooperative Union to upscale its involvement in a new
project-not only accepting the administrative responsibility for under-
taking such work, but also financially contributing substantially towards
its implementation.
Over the 2 year pilot project period, within the 14 villages health care at
the doorstep was provided to nearly 14.000 persons. It recruited 440 family
planning acceptors of terminal and IUD methods, besides arranging
distribution of conventional and oral contraceptives; altogether resulting
in an increase of the percentage of eligible couples covered by effective
contraceptive methods from 35.8 per cent at the time of the initial survey
to 60 per cent at the end of the 2 years. Similarly, immunisation of
children increased from less than 10 per cent to 40 per cent. Antenatal
care was provided to 523 women and 65 soakage pits and 73 smokeless
chulahs installed to demonstrate better sanitation practices. A community
bio-gas plant-separately funded by Department of Science and Techno-
logy, GoVernment of India-was also constructed in one of the project
villages.

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With the assistance of the Foundation, Guru Milk Cooperative Union
developed a project proposal for an approximately I crore, project that
. would extend the activities undertaken in the pilot project, in a phased
manner over the entire district in 4 years .. This was approved in early 85,
after a 5 member appraisal team of the Government of India and State
Government had visited the pilot project and over the early part of the
year, the pilot project staff launched on the preparatory work that enabled
the larger project to commence on last April 1985. The Foundation has
no specific financial commitment for the expanded project, but has conti-
nued to provide technical assistance and other help as needed to ground
the work. A particularly challenging task was to find a suitable Chief
Medical Coordinator to head the project work. a search that only ended
late in the year when Lt. Gen. B.D. Verma, formerly Dean of the Armed
Forces Medical College, agreed to take up the assignment. Lt. Gen.
Verma joined in January 1986.
The Foundation continues to be actively associated with the GOI funded
Operation Concern project as part of the Coordination Committee that
has been set up to guide the project's implementation. Over 1985-86
Operation Concern expanded to 51 villages reaching 95 per cent of its
area target for the year and exceeding its targets for the year in providing
eligible couple protection, antenatal registration, immunisation of preg-
nant women and deliveries by trained personnel. An evaluation team
from the National Institute of Health and Family Welfare monitored the
progress of the first year's work and reported it to be satisfatory.
The concept of the milk cooperative infrastructure's involvement in health
and family welfare work, either directly as in Bhatinda-or with a
separate voluntary organisation set up for this purpose as being experi-
mented in Anand, the head-quarters of Operation Flood-is now a well
accepted philosophy. India's massive dairy development effort, Operation
Flood, has now proposed for ten districts to be brought into this type of
activity through funds to be set aside from its own budget and suggested
that these districts examine both the Bhatinda and Anand models to
choose their style of work. Several other models for carrying out this
work are now also coming onstream. In Andhra Pradesh, Chitoor
District, Ford Foundation is helping to develop a health project with the
women's dairy cooperatives that has built on the Bhatinda experience.
Recently, a request has been received from the Ahmednagar Dist Milk
Cooperatives (Maharashtra) to assist in developing a project on the
Bhatinda pattern, to which they are also prepared to contribute funds.
PROJECT TITLE Involvement of Parliamentarians and Legislators in Promoting Family
Planning
(i) Second National Conference of Parliamentarians on Population and
Development.

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(ii) Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population & Development
Exchange of Expertise & Experience in the Field of Population
Development and Related issues.
(iii) Involvement of Parliamentarians and Legislators in Promoting Family
Planning in their Constituencies.
Date of Sanction
Budget
March 1985 Commenced May 1985
May 1985 Commenced May 1985
June 1984 (Block Grant)
Rs 50,000 March 1985
Rs 71,480 July 1985 (ratified)
Rs 100,000 June 1984
Amount Disbursed Rs 50,000
Rs 71,480
Rs 100,000
To create awareness amongst the influential decision makers on population
and development issues, with a view towards their greater mobilisation in
support of the family planning cause; generate commitment and involve-
ment in direct work to promote family planning.
(i) The IAPPD organised and held the Second National Conference of
Parliamentarians on May 13th, 1985-four years from the day it held
the First National Conference. The Foundation was closely asso-
ciated with the efforts to organise this conference, as it had similarly
been with the first one.
The Second National Conference of Parliamentarians was inaugurated
by the Prime Minister and presided over by the Speaker, Lok Sabha.
50 MPs, 88 MLAs and 261 educationists, social scientists and public
leaders are reported to have attended the One-day meeting, where
special guests included Mr J.R.D. Tata, Chairman, FPF, Dr Rafeal
Sales. Executive Director, UNFPA and Mr Takashi Sato, Chairman,
Asian Forum of Parliamentarians for Population and Development.
The Foundation provided at the inaugural function a 15 minute
3 screen audio·visual focusing on population and development issues
and released a special publication on the occasion: a monograph
of maps giving constituency-wise data on various population and
development indicators that was provided to every single Member of
Parliament. Further, the Foundation Commissioned three technical

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papers relating to the issues of women, youth and labour respectively,
which formed part of the background.material for the group discus-
sions at the meeting. Programme Director-Communication chaired
one of the group discussions.
(ii) In pursuance of· the bilateral agreement between China and India
arrived at the First Conference of the Asian Forum of Parlia-
mentarians in New Delhi in February 1984, IAPPD sent a 10 member
delegation to China in June 1985, the Foundation sponsoring travel
for five of the members. The delegation included 7 MPs, one MLA,
one media expert and one health administrator; It met with leading
Chinese family planning officialsand experts and studied the imple-'
mentation of the programme in different parts of China. A return
visit by the Chinese delegation took place in early 86, when the
delegation also had discussions with the Foundation staff and visited
Sikar project.
(iii) This project could not take off the ground in '84 because of the
political uncertainties and turbulent events at the close of 1984. Early
in 1985, IAPPD developed, with the technical assistance of the
Foundation, a more ambitious project proposal for work in 10 consti-
tuencies, the minimum number with which it felt it would like to
commence the field work involving Parliamentarians at the grassroot
leveUn accelerating acceptance of family welfare goals in their areas.
Funding was expected from various other national and international
sources.
Meanwhile, one parliamentary constituency---;Sikar, that of the
Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Mr Balram Jakhar was taken in hand to
create a pilot model for the work. Intensive field work was done in
Sikhar over 1985. A series of meetings were held with the MLAs, and
panchayatpramukhs of the district resulting in the creation of a
network of committees comprising both official functionaries and
public leaders at every level: district, taluka, panchayat and village,
who would work for promoting family planning. The Eligible
Couple register of the district was updated and village-wiselists made
available to these committees so that there was systematic local-
specific information available on the people's situation that would
indicate the appropriate contraceptive measures to be canvassed to
each couple.
Following this, a massive intensive publicity campaign was under-
taken in Sikar district and a detailed operational plan developed for
the holding of 50 camps across the district with full logistical support.
The aim was to increase family planning acceptance by 10,000 steri-
lisation-equivalents during the campaign period, which was conducted
from mid-November onwards. A report on this campaign is sepa-
rately listed.

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Although the campaign shortfalled on the original targets, it never-
theless secured a step-up of family planning acceptance in what is
obviously a difficult area with a significant minority community
population, which is lagging in family planning acceptance to an even
greater degree than the general population. Although the popular
committees failed to function effectively, the involvement of the
development departments of the government and an improvement in
the quality of service delivery was secured. The pilot project has
highlighted the enormous complexities in practical field work, but
nevertheless constitutes a fair beginning in this direction in one
district. More recently, IAPPD has selected 2 more constituencies in
UP to commence work.
'
PROJECT TITLE Innovative Scheme for Massive Family Planning through Widespread
Public Support in Sikhar District, Rajasthan.
Mr Ramakant Sharma, Secretary to Government, Health & Medical
Department, Rajasthan.
(1) To create a total environment of support for family planning work
throughout the district, through mobilisation of (a) a network of
people's committees, official and non-official, (b) all development
departments, alongside intensive lEe activities.
(2) To substantially increase the level Cjlffamily planning acceptance in
the district through an intensive campaign.
(3) To organise quality services for family planning through a stream-
lining of the delivery infrastructure, increased mobility and improved
hygiene and follow· up care.
The project was originally envisaged for Sawai Madhopur, a backward
district of Rajasthan, in conjunction with the UNFPA-assisted area pro-
ject in that district which had already created a basic infrastructure that
remained underutilised. However, for a number of reasons the project
did not take off the ground in that district. Subsequently, in view of the
fact that Sikhir District had been selected by the Indian Association of
Parliamentarians for Population and Development to develop a "pilot"
model for the greater involvement of parliamentarians and the political
leadership at all levels in generating a mass movement for family planning,
it was decided to take up this project in Sikhir, which is an equally

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backward area of Rajasthan. Sikhir District has a population of 1.3
million that registered a growth rate of over 32 per cent across the 71·81
decade and only 17 per cent of its 2.4 lakh eligible couples were protected
by modern methods of contraception as of 1.4.1985. An intensive
campaign was designed in collaboration with Government of India, state
and district authorities, aiming to recruit the equivalent of 10;000 accep-
tors of various effective family planning methods, that could raise the
family planning acceptance level to 20 per cent and simultaneously create
a base for continuing work in the field.
A number of meetings were held in Sikar District to mobilise the com-
munity leaders, most particularly the people's representatives, under the
leadership of Mr Jakhar, the elected MP of the area.
Mr Krishna Kumar, Deputy Minister-Health, Government of India and
Mr Mittal, Chairman, IAPPD played a major direct role. The eligible
couple registers in the district were updated through an intensive drive;
lists were prepared village-wise and made available to the popular com-
mittees that were constituted at every level from the district to the village,
so as to ensure systematic canvasing and adequate follow up. Government
of India sanctioned a sum of Rs 5 lakhs and the State Gov~rnment and
District authorities undertook to raise matching funds or otherwise make
the necessary arrangements to carry out the planned campaign, with extra
inputs to ensure greater efficiency, quality and reach. This campaign
was organised, in the first instance, from 20th November to 28th
December 1985 and later extended up' to 31st January 1986. Although
the campaign shortfalled on the initial target, during the short span of
2t months 5626 persons accepted terminal methods, (5,343 tubectomies
283 vasectomies) and another 2618 IUDs, while distribution of com-
mercial and oral contraceptives was also stepped up (4.5 lakh CCs
distribution and 1800 pill cycles). These figures exceeded the total
performance' over the previous year 5,362 sterilization, ]373 IUD, 3.4 CC
distribution) and also showed a sizable upswing from the first 8 months
of the year, during which only 3029 sterilisation had been done.
Although, the committees were constituted, they failed to perform at
expected levels; at the same time, independent evaluations of the delivery
of family planning services during this period showed a qualitative
improvement in the arrangements. The lEC activities were also fairly
intensive and local groups stimulated by the adult education/non-formal
education set-up participated actively. Efforts to further follow up and
build on the campaign are continuing. Rajasthan State Government has
been requested to send a consolidated report on the total activities under-
taken and further plan of action for the district. Equally, efforts are
ongoing with the Parliamentarians to step up the involvement of the
political leadership in a more meaningfui fashion.

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AVARD Foundation for Rural Development
Mr B Chatterjee (June 83 to October 85)
Mr A C Sen (October 85 onwards)
Rs 500,000 Dt:cember 1982
Rs 246,000 October 1985
Date of
Commencement
Ist June 1983
Phase II: 1st December 1985
To train a cadre of village level health and wcmen~s development workers
and through those workers implement a programme of family planning
and basic health care, alongside mobilisation for socio-economic deve-
lopment, benefiting the poorest families.
This project is situated in an extremely backward area-G Udaigiri block
in the tribal district of Phulbani, Orissa, where 90 per cent of the popula-
tion is below the poverty line. Initially the project was designed to
undertake mother and child health activities in conjunction with economic
activities for the poorest families in the block being identified and
assisted under the Economic Rehabilitation of Rural Poor (ERRP).
A sister organisation of AFFORD (AVARD) had in 1979, ~t the request
of the state government undertaken a detailed household survey of below
the poverty line families in G Udaigiri and prepared a block development
plan. At the time, the state government had indicated the possibility of
letting AVARD/AFFORD implement or otherwise actively assist in the
ERPP work if not through the block, atleast in one panchayat. But this
did not materialise and eventually the Mother, Child and Family Welfare
project was the sole mechanism through which AFFORD could assist
the area. Because of this the economic activities component has remained
at a low key level, although the project has now succeeded into netting
into some government schemes under TRYSEM, Housing for Weaker
Sections, programmes for renewable energy, latrine cons~ruction etc.,
altogether mobilising resources to the tune of roughly eight lakh rupees
for activities other than health.
With these changed circumstances it was not possible to demonstrate on
any scale the earlier hypothesis to be tested that family welfare work
when carried out alongside systematic economic development activities
has rapid acceptance. However, what the project has been able to show
is that where such activity takes place in conjunction with even some

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marginal attempts to improve the lot or the people, alongside basic health
care activities being made more accessible to the people, family welfare
acceptance is accelerated. It has further developed an infrastructure
within the community, by training a cadre of 40 dais as basic health
workers demonstrating the worth of this fieldworker. Although the
project originally expected to cover 80 villages, work could only be carried
out in 40 villages, as the logistics of the area are difficult, villages being
far flung and public transport arrangements practically non-existent.
The project ended in December. But in recognition of the difficulties of
the area and the nature of the work, a second phase was sanctioned. A
number of correctives were also made at this time and the work in the
40 villages has shown considerable further improvement with the new
approach. 4 areas mobilisers selected from the community have each
been given responsibility for 10 villages in their vicinity, to help with
economic activities and keep tab of the performance of the village level
workers. The clinic at the project head quarters was closed and the
schedule rearranged, entirely based on field clinics, after December. The
doctor now visits most of the villages on motor cycle, while the economic
organiser has been provided a moped and the health supervisor assigned
the 16 villages in walking distance/on bus route from G Udaigiri, the
jeep now being used only for the most distant and inaccessible villages.
The total shift of service arrangements to the periphery, ensurement of
greater mobility and stricter supervision though the arrangements for
4 area mobilisers and more intensive monitoring, supervision and technical
assistance from AFFORD head quarter in New Delhi have paid off.
A District level organisation that will take over the project has now been
formed and registered. A major problem has been, because of a recent
change in stay in relation to AFFORD that no alternative funds could be
secured, so far, to carryon the project under its aegis. However, with an
independent district-based organisation now in position this difficulty is
hoped to be overcome.
Since commencement the project reports 225 acceptors of terminal
methods and 24 IUD acceptors, 7 nirodh users and 3 pill users recruited.
Not only family planning, but immunisation and ante-natal registration
show steady improvement in the project villages, where proportional
performance is much better than in the nearby non-project villages,
according to independent evaluations by a medical expert arranged by
the Foundation. With regard to family planning acceptance (sterilisation
and IUD), the project population, accounting for 47 per cent of the block
population, provided a little more than a proportionate return for terminal
methods (48.8%.) and only 16.5% for IUD in 1984-85, a year after the
project's start. Two years later-in 85-86-the corresponding contribu-
tion to the block was 71.7% for sterilisation and 63.7% for IUD.

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PROJECT TITLE A Demonstration-cum-Study Programme for Family Development (with
special focus on family planning) for the Social Transformation of Two
Communities (Rural and Urban) in West Bengal.
Director
Dr Subhayu Dasgupta (Formerly Late Prof Sugata Dasgupta)
Institote
Jayaprakash Institute of Social Change, Calcutta.
Date of Sallction May 1981
September 1984.
Progress
The project aimed at social transformation of three communities, located
in urban, rural and urban fringe in and around Calcutta and promoting
health and family welfare alongside. The basic premise of the project,
aiming at total social transformation, was found to be too difficult to
achieve within the time and the resources. Accordingly, it was decided
to close the project in April 1985, at the end of the extended period of
six months. Since Prof Sugata Dasgupta as well as his successor passed
away, a final report on the project could not be prepared. The present
Director has been requested to>prepare a report identifying and describing
the achievements of the project with particular reference to the acceptance
of family planning and the social change that has occurred in the com-
munity which would be conducive to the further promotion of family
planning. The Director has promised to submit the report shortly.
PROJECT TITLE Community Based Distribution of Contraceptives in District Mainpuri,
Uttar Pradesh.
Progress
Promoting family planning through voluntary organisations, particularly
in backward areas is an approved priority area for Foundation's activities.
Pursuant to this, the Foundation has responded positively to the requests
made by the voluntary organisations. Recently, the Group for Rural
Action and Management (GRAM) submitted a project proposal to estab-
lish a community based distribution of Condoms in the Mainpuri District
of Uttar Pradesh. This is intended to be a planning grant to develop a
project for promoting family planning in the Mainpuri district as part of
a comprehensive development programme, which GRAM is undertaking

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in the district. The financi~1support for the development programme is,
however, expected to come from other sources.
The Foundation discussed with the Chief Economist of GRAM, the
objectives of the pilot project and the potentiality of the organisation for
the larger project. GRAM is a registered society in Delhi. It has formu-
lated a 12-point area programme for development in Mainpuri district of
which community based distribution of condoms is one of the points.
Though GRAM is registered in Delhi, they have set up a field unit in
Mainpuri. The discussions revealed that GRAM is committed to acti-
vities such as. reclamation of waste land, setting up of community based
gobar gas plant, provision of water sealed latrines, etc. Also GRAM has
the communication facility of the Kisan Bhavan in Mainpuri district and
the Farmer's Centres in each development block.
Utilising the planning grant, the GRAM has investigated the area and
they have sent a detailed project proposal for a 4-year period, costing
Rs 17 lakhs. As the budgetary requirements as well as the duration of
the project seem to be on the high side and as the project document does
not really indicate how the socio-economic activities and family planning
would be integrated at the field level, further discussions were held with
GRAM. The project made, revision and GRAM has been requested to
reconsider the proposal.

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III. Information, Education and Communication
PROJECT TITLE Research Design on the Study of the Perception of the People on Popula-
tion Education
Indian Society for Population Education, Gujarat
Rs 10,000 in October 1985
Rs 10,000
Nov. 1985
To ascertain the perceptions of the people (urban. rural and tribal)
regarding the population problem with a view to develop materials for
use in structuring Population Education in line with the realities obtaining
at the grassroot level.
The pilot study has been carried out in Gujarat. A questionnaire was
designed and a team of investigators trained by the ISPE have conducted
a survey covering 250 families in 9 localities that were selected from
urban, tribal and rural areas. The findings have been compiled and
tabulated. A report of the same, as also population education materials
based on these perceptions, are shortly expected to be made available.
Budget
Disbursed
National Institute of Design
Mr Vikas Satwalekar
Rs 50,000 April 1985 Commenced April 85
Rs 46.163
To create effective communication materials to build greater awareness
and informed knowledge base in regard to population problems and
commitment towards their solution.
The Foundation collaborated actively with the National Institute of
Design, Ahmedabad, to produce a 15 minute 3 screen audio-visual pre-
sentation using nearly 300 slides. This highlights the criticality of the
population issue with~n India's development context. It aims of create
greater awareness and sensitivity, not only to the pressures of rising
numbers and how these are impinging on the quality of life in diverse
ways, but also to the stresses that are causing the situation and the

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· strategies that can help. This audio~visual was prepared in record time
at NID, despite the very difficult law and order situation prevailing in
Ahmedabad at the time, and was first screened at the inaugural function
of the Second National Conference of Parliamentarians held in New Delhi
on May 13th. The audio-visual has been exttemely well received.
A special showing was requested and provided to both the Millistry of
Health (where the Minister of State, Health Secretary, Commissioner
Family Welfare and about 30 officials viewed the audio-visual) and the
Planning Commission (where the Vice-Chairman and several members
viewed the audio-visual). Subsequently, the Ministry of Health arranged
for it to be screened at a special dinner that was proposed to be held by
the Prime Minister for about 100 MPs to sensitise them to the impOrtance
of the population issue. Unfortunately, the function was cancelled be-
cause of the tragic assassination of Sant Longowal that day. The hope of
rescheduling such an event remains. Meanwhile, the IAPPD has scheduled
further screenings of' the ~udio-visual at meeting of MPs, MLAs and other
poHtical leaders to be held in UP in Dehra Dun and Varanasi. The
language versions have been prepared-in English and Hindi. The audio-
visual is now being reduced to a single projector arrangement for easier
availability, as also being put on video. Further plans to make the audio-
visual and video tapes available on request to voluntary organisations and
interested groups are on the agenda for 86.
3 lakhs May 1985
Rs 67,110
To develop Software prototypes for use by TV and other non-broadcast
channels relating to 2 categories of motivational materials:
(i) profiling of successful projects that could provide "Inspiration" for
similar work
(ii) information and education for target audiences.
A budget of Rs 3 lakhs for 3 films to be made in the first category and an
agreement in principle to support the development of motivational
materials for target audiences, in collaboration with other appropriate
institutions/agencies, has set off the programme of work in this area in
which the Foundation is making a direct contribution of its technical
expertise.
One video film of 30 minutes duration has been completed. This
documents the UPASI project in the Nilgiris and other areas where the

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plantation sector has brought about radical changes in family planning
acceptance. Steps to take up the production of the other 2 films have
already been taken. These are expected to be completed in the coming
months. Doordarshan is being appre ached with the pilots to commit
time for a series. Some alternative channels using these materials have
also been identified and further work to build such a network is on the
agenda. As soon as the Foundation has a set of materials ready for
distribution and dissemination, a more specific plan for use in non-broad-
cast channels will be developed.
Several meetings with ISRO and NID in Ahmedabad have been held to
bring about the involvement of these leading communication institutions in
the development of direct motivational materials of different target groups.
Both organisations have informally given their commitment to provide
facilities, personnel and part of the budget to structure workshops for the
same in the coming months. These will be cooperative exercises with the .
Foundation's technical inputs constituting a critical part of the collabora-
tion and the precise plans of work are being drawn up.
Rs 25,000 May 1985
Rs 2,650
To develop local-specific communication material that provides an
example of how to highlight the population problems in its local context
and build motivational messagesbased on an understanding of the people's
perceptions of these problems and in an idiom close to the people sought
to be reached.
NID which developed the audio-visual highlighting the problem at a
national perspective, is now further working on this audio-visual for Sikar.
A student team has twice visited Sikar and has worked in close coopera-
tion with the District Non-formal Education and Family Welfare Media
Units. The audio-visual is expected to be ready in June.

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On the basis of a pilot survey, a revised questionnaire was developed for
seeking response from Members of Parliament about their awareness,
attitudes and practice of family planning. So far, data has been collected
from 361 members, out of a total membership of 797. The data collected
has covered a cross-section of members of both the Houses of Parliament;
male and female members; members from all parties; from all States
Union Territories and religions; from Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes; from members belonging to different age groups; from acceptors
and non-acceptors of family planning.
In order to improve the coverage, the field team is continuing to collect
the data from members, who are available in Delhi after the adjournment
of Parliament. Simultaneously, the analysis of data, already collected,
has begun and the Project Director hopes to complete the assignment by
July 1986.

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IV. Policy Research and Evaluation
PROJECT TITLE Diagnostic Study of Population Growth Rate and Family Planning in Six
States in Developmental Perspective
Director
Institution
Date of Sanction
V K Ramabhadran
Programme Director (Special Studies)
Sponsored by the Family Planning Foundation
June 1982
Amount Disbursed Rs 3,00,000
(0 Diagnostic Studies
The Diagnostic Study of Population Growth, Family Planning and
Development, 1971-81, undertaken by the Foundation in five States-
Gujarat, Orissa, Rajasthan, Tamil. Nadu and Uttar Pradesh-has been
completed and state-wise reports were brought out containing recommen-
dations for improving family planning performance. These reports were
forwarded to the Government of India for follow-up as appropriate.
One of the suggestions made by the Government of India, Ministry of
Health & Family Welfare, Department of Family Welfare, was that state-
wise reports should be presented at a meeting of the Programme Managers
in each State. The first such meeting on the Rajasthan Report was
organised by the Union Health Ministry on 12 June 1985. It is now
intended to have such follow-up meetings with the State officials in the
headquarters of each State, as that would enable the participation of a
larger number of Programme Officers at the State level. Preparations for
organising a meeting in Lucknow are under way.
Colla borating
Institutions
Giri Institute of Development
Studies Lucknow
Tribal and Harijan Research
cum Training Institute Govt.
of Orissa· Bhubaneswar
Hilly and Rural
Areas
Tribal Population

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National Institute of Health
and Family Welfare,
New Delhi
Indian Institute of
Management, Bangalore
Department of Sociology
University of Bombay,
Bombay
Rural Areas with
High Infant Mortality
and Low Infant
Mo.rtality
Rural Population and
Urban Population
Groups
Slum Area
Population
Rs 2,00,000 por Population Group for 18 months: IDRC, Canada
Rs 3,00,000 as Foundation's component
(i) To identify determinants of infant mortality in India, to know their
mechanism and to find out their relative risk so that appropriate
modes of intervensions can be ·worked out;
(ii) To identify various practices women follow during ante, neo and
post-neo natal periods which are responsible for infant mortality and
ascertain the reasons for such practices so that these practice can be
manipulated suitably through interventions; and
(iii) To examine the nexus between infact mortality and fertility so that
the results can be used to design appropriate modes of intervention
and demonstrate the effectiveness of them in reducing infact mortality
and fertility during Action Phase.
Dr B R Patil joined the Foundation on 1st March 1986 as Project
Director and the Programme Associate, Ms Meera Basu in April 1986. The
original proposal was examined and revised. A copy of the Revised
Proposal was sent to all the Project Leaders and members of the Special
Advisory Group before the meetings. The conceptual framework, list of
variables, selection of pop.ulation groups, sample design and sample size,
instruments of data collection and plan of field work were discussed in a
meeting of the Project Leaders on 27th March, 1986 and at the joint
meeting of Project Leaders and the Special Advisory Group on March 28,
1986.
While forwarding the Minutes of the meetings .of the 27th and 28th
March, 1986 the Project Leaders and members of the Special Advisory
Group were requested to send their specific suggestions and comments for
finalising the Sample Design, Schedules for Data Collection and Guidelines
or Instructions to be followed during the field work. In the light of the
suggestions/comments received. the Sample Design and Schedules for Data
Collection along with the guid'elines have been drafted and a set of these
have been sent to the Project Leaders for pre-testing in one of the villages.
On the basis of these project the formats etc. will be finalised and time

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and cost etimates worked out during the second meeting of the Project
Leaders/Special Advisory Group members, in the second half of July 1986.
After this meeting, according to the time table prepared for this Study,
the recruitment and training of staff is expected to take place in August
1986 and field work would commence in September 1986.
PROJECT TITLE Changing Family Organisation Among Khasis and Garos.
Director
Prof Kodanda Rao
Institute
North Eastern Hill University (NEHU) Shillong.
Date of Sanction November 1977
Progress
The project was expected to provide an insight into how the cultural
background of Khasis and Garos influence their fertility behaviour and
their family organisation. After collecting the field data, Prof Kodanda
Rao left the NEHU and joined the University of Hyderabad. As
expenditure of Rs 20,000 had been incurred in the field work, but as no
report was received by the Foundation till 1984, the unspent balance of
Rs 6,000 was surrendered.
Subsequently, Prof Rao sent the report on "Culture and Fertility Among
the Garos" with a request that to enable him to complete similar project
on Khasis tribe, for which the data had already been collected the
Foundation may make available Rs. 5,ססOO
In order to enable Prof Rao to complete the project, the Foundation has
sanctioned Rs 5,000 for the Khasis Study with the condition that Khasis
report may irtcorporate the suggestions and comments of the Foundation
on the Garo report and bring out the implications of the findings for the
family planning programme in a tribal area. The Governing Board has
ratified the sanction.

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V. Conferences, Seminars and Workshops
Rs 25,000
17 March 1986.
The Foundation organised a Plenary Session on 17 March 1986 on the
topic "Family Planning-A National Priority-Ethical, Social, Cultural
and Medical Aspects" as a part of the International Conference on Health
Policy Mr J R D Tata, the Chairman, presided over the session. In his.
addreSi, Mr Tata exhorted the medical profession and the educational
agencies to display greater commitment, since family planning involves the
total transformation of the 750 million people in the country. Dr K L Wig
delivered the key-note address on the topic "Population Explosion and
Health Polity-Ethics and Human Values". The other invited speakers
at the Plenary Sesllion covering different aspects of the subjects were:
Mr Justice H R Khanna (Ethical and Legal Aspects), Mrs Tara Ali Baig
(Social, Religious and Cultural Aspects), Mrs Avabai Wadia (Voluntary
Efforts), Dr Dipak Bhatia (Role of Medical Profession), and Dr B N
Saxena (Ethical Aspects of New Contraceptive Technologies). Mr V K
Ramabhadran, Director (Evaluation), Family Planning Foundation, who
was the Rapporteur for the Plenary Session, prepared a summary report
on the deliberations at the Plenary Session and has forwarded it to the
organisers of the Conference who are expected to publish the proceedings
of the Conference.

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Index of Completed/Closed Projects
d:
Brief De tails

6 Pages 51-60

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6.1 Page 51

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Index of Completed/Closed Projects
S I Title of the Project
Ne
Principal Investi&ator /Project
Director
AmoURt
Sa_ctiOllN
Rs
Page
N.
1. Task Group on Injectable Con~
traceptives
1. Establishing a Mechanical Tabula-
tion Research Cell for Family
Planning Programme of the Chris-
tian Medical Association of India,
Bangalore.
2. A Demonstration Project for Evol-
ving an Effective Role for Grassroot
Child Welfare Workers in Family
Planning in an Urban/Slum/Rural
Area
3. Monograph on Population and
Development: Towards the 21st
Century
4. Demonstration Project in Commu-
nity Based Distribution of Con-
traceptives
5. Integrated Rural Socio-Economic
Programme linked with Family
Planning
6. Action· Demonstration Project for
Integrated Parasite Control and
Family Planning Services 10
UNICEF-Assisted Area Develop-
ment Programme in Trivandrum
District
Addl Director·HeaIth
Services, Kerala State
Government
95,000
35,000
75,000
9,484
30,000
4,50,000

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51 Title of the Projcict
No
priadpal InTestigator /Project
Director
7. Demonstration Project to Integrate
Health and Family Planning with
Rural Development
~. Planning and Development Grant
to Stimulate Widescale Family
Planning Work in one District of
Rajasthan
9. A Demonstration Project of Reor-
ganising the Role of Anganwadi
Workers for The total Welfare of
the Community covered by the
ICDS scheme
Mr Prema Malhotra
Mr P Venkat Rao
10. Family Planning Action Research
Project in Urban and Rural
Settings
Amount
Page
SIlnctioaed
No
Rs
12,500
2,00,000
1. A Demonstration/Action Project
in Dc"eloping Grassroot Worker-
Lcad~r~.': Experiment in Leader-
ship Training
2. District Development Demonstra-
tion Project in Maduria District,
Tamil Nadu
3. Integrated Health Care Delivery
including Family Planning with
Community Participation
4. A Pilot Project on Health Welfare
and Education with Special Em-
phasis on Population Education
5. Village Level Health and Family
Planning Workers (Case Studies)
3,30,000
91,000
1,84,000
4,50,000
1,75,000
3,00,000
1,00,000
3,00,000

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.81 Title of the Project
No
PrincipallDvestigator /Project
Director
6. (i) First National Conference of
Parliamentarians on the Pro-
blems of Population and
Development
(ii) Promoting Family Planning
Population through Parlia-
mentarians
(iii) Travel Grant for 5 members
of the Indian Association of
Parliamentarians for Problems
of Population and Develop-
ment to attend the Asian Con-
ference of Population at
Beijing, China
(iv) Technical Materials for State
Legislators Conference of
IAPPD
Mr Sat Paul Mittal
Mr Sat Paul Mittal
Mr Sat Paul Mittal
Mr Sat Paul Mittal
7. Orientation Training of Mukhya-
sevikas in Health and Family
Welfare
Dr L Ramachandran
8. Experimental Project Linking
Population Education with Adult
Education
Prof S R Mohsini
9. Family Planning Foundation
Awards Various Categories of
Family Planning Communication
10. An Experimental Project for Inte-
grating Population Education for
All India Handicraft Board trainees
in Carpet Weaving Centres
11. Atlas of the Child in India: A
Visual Education Project Depicting
the place and importance of Chil-
dren in Population and Develop-
ment
Sponsored by FPF
Prof C P Goyal
Prof Moonis Raza
AmOURt
SaDetioned
Rs
Paee
Ne
1,50,000
20,000
28,500
81
",63,700
1,50,000
82
2,50,000
77,000
83
25,000

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51 Title of the Project
No
Principal InvestigatorjProject
Director
12. Annotated Resource List of Family
Planning Media Materials
13. Development of an Innovative
Puppet Based Video Serial on
Family Planning (Preparatory
grant)
14. Publication Grant: Population
Compendium for World Poptilation
Conference, Mexico City
Amount
Sanctioned
Rs
Pl2e
No
1. Population Education through
Agricultural Institutions- Develo-
ping Role Definition and Role
Commitments of Ag,ricultural Insti-
tutions in Population Education
2. Developing Programmes of Infor-
mation Dissemination, Motivation
and Action in Population and
Family Planning
3. Developing an Institutional Base in
a Northern State for Orientation
Training of Key Women Develop-
ment Functionaries
4. Technical Materials for State Legis-
lators Conference of IAPPD
5. Population Policy-2oo0 AD A
Study of the Relationship between
Population and Economic Deve-
lopment
6. India's .Population-Aspects of
Quality and Control
7. Determinants of Fertility Change in
Tamil Nadu
3,00,000
4,40,000

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SI Title of the Project
No
Principal Investigator/Project
Director
8. Status of Population Research in
India
9. Population in India's Develop-
ment-1947-2oo0, A Recommis-
sioned Study
10. Status Study of Population Educa-
tion Research in India
11. Strategies for Population Control
12. Mangadu Study-Socio-Economic
Change: A Diachronic Study of
Changes in Contraceptive and Fer-
tility Behaviour
13. A Critical Study of Allocations to
the Family Planning Programme in
India during 1971-81 with Pohcy
Implications and Construction of
Data Bank on the Subject
14. Broad-based Research Programme
on Infant Mortahty and its Inter-
relationship with Fertility
15. (i) Study of Population Policies in
India (ii) Study of Family Planning
Implementation Programmes
16. Study of People's Participation in
Family Planning
17. Socio-Economic Determinants of
Age of Female at Marriage and its
Effect on Fertility Behaviour in
India
18. Population Monograph on India
19. Management of Family Welfare
Programme-A Study in Percep-
tion
FPF, Registrar
General's Office, IASP
K Sadashivaiah
Chandrakala Dave
Dr K Mahadevan
Mr A Aiyappan
Mr K Mahadevan
Mr V Nagarajan
Dr Ali Baquer
Dr Rajni Kothari
FPF, ESCAP and IASP
Dr P Seshachalam
1. Workshop on Promotion of Oral
Pills
2. International Symposium on Gona-
dotropins Releasing HOl mone in
Control of Fertility and Malig-
nancy
Amount
Sanctioned
Rs
Page
No
5,000
5,000
2,70,000
2,58,800
45,000
99
5,000
100
90,000
50,000
15,000

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Budget
Rs 95,000 (March 1982)
Rs 35,000 (December 1983)
Objective
Present Status
It was felt that terminal methods which are now popular may soon reach
a plateau and measures are therefore necessary to bring in spacing
methods in a big way. The Foundation as a non-government organisation
has sought to provide through this Task Force meeting on independent
and objective assessmen t of the injectable contraceptive which could help
to decide whether injectables should be included in the national family
planning programme.
The Task Force considered, at its meeting in October 1983, two
injectables-the DMPA and the NET-EN. The national and international
experience exchanged at the meeting showed that while both these mertt
consideration by the Government in terms of their safety, efficacy,
acceptability and reversibility, the latter would be preferable in the Indian
context. The injectable mode is culturally acceptable and eliminates the
need for daily motivation. The report which was expected to be ready
by December 1983 is not ready. This work was assigned to one of the
Indian biomedical experts, who participated at the meeting. He is being
asked to expedite the report.

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II. .Demonstration/ Experimental Projects: Health
and Social Development
PROJECT TITLE Establishing a Mechanical Tabulation Research Cell for Family Planning
Programme of the Christian Medical Association of India, Bangalore
Director
Dr (Mrs) H M Sharma
Institution
Christian Medical Association of India (CMAI), Bangalore
Date of Sanction June 1975
Budget
Rs 1,16,200
Amount Disbursed Rs 1,11,000
Objectives
To analyse with the help of the mechanical tabulation unit the socio-
demographic characteristics of tubectomy acceptors by collecting data
from the 350 hospitals under CMAI all over the country.
Present Status'
This is a project in which the Foundation funded a data processing facility
at CMAI. The report entitled "Acceptor Analysis" was received in 1982
and the project is completed.
PROJECT TITLE A Demonstration Project for Evolving an Effective Role for Grassroot
Child Welfare Workers in Family Planning in an Urban/Slum/Rural/Area
Institution
National Institute of Child Development and Public Cooperation, New
Delhi.
Date of .
Commencement
November 1980
Objectives
To reconceptualise the role of the ICDS worker to incorporate population
sensitivities; demonstrate that this does not add undue burdens and
develop the methodology and materials for such orientation.

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Has affected government policy .. Recommendations emerging from this
project experience have led to integration of population education in
ICDS training. NIPCCD, the apex training institution for trainers of
ICDS workers, is continuing to work on the materials developed for
training and is also making a study of its impact of the demonstration
project.
The two source books for training developed during this project
have been issued to all 40 training centres of ICDS workers and their con-
tents are being finalised in the light of comments received during this
initial use. They will be publishedshortIy.
Objectives
Progress
To create effective communication materials to build greater awareness
and informed knowledge base in regard to population problems and com-
mitment towards their solution.
Prof Moonis Raza and Dr Sheel Chand Nuna with the active assistance of
the Foundation developed a monograph on Population and Development
comprising 14 maps, 13 graphs and a rarok-wise compilation of district
level data of certain basic demographic and development indicators. The
monograph also contained a transparent map of parliamentary constitu-
encies that enabled every MP to pinpoint, in regard to the various
indicators mapped, the situation prevailing in his/her constituency. This
monograph was despatched alongside a personal letter of appeal signed by
Mr J R D Tata. Chairman of the Family Planning Foundation which
provided individually for ready reference to every MP the data on the
MP's constituency. in regard to certain development and demographic
indicators. The Prime Minister personally showed an interest in the
information provided in the various maps and a large number of MPs
expressed their appreciation of the monograph as an imaginative and use-
ful exercise. It has been further much sought after by academic institu-
tions, researchers and others involved with the population issue. The
monograph has been selectively disseminated to a wider circle.
PROJECT TITLE Demonstration Project in Community Based Distribution of Contracep-
tives

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Institution
Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
Dates of Sanetion January 1979
April 1981
Budget
Rs 30,000
Rs 4,50,000
Brief Description
The project seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of creating a self-sustaining
system for distribution of contraceptives by using the marketing approach
through suitable trained members of the community. The project holds
promise to increase oral pill acceptance, total health cover and establish-
ment of a self-sustaining system.
PROJECT TITLE Integrated Rural Socio-Economic Programme Linked with Family
Planning
Director
Dr E B Sundaram
Institution
The Naujhil Integrated Rural Project for Health and Development Society,
Mathura, UP
Date of Sanction July 1980
Bud~et
Rs 2,70,000
Amount Disbursed Rs 2,70,000
Brief Description
The project aims at increased acceptance of family welfare and MCH
measures through provision of basic health services with socio-economic
activities in an extremely backward area of Uttar Pradesh. Also test in a
field situation, the interaction of health and economic development and to
develop a cadre of trained local workers for providing these services.
With the trained dais, family planning acceptance of sterilisation and
spacing method has improved multifold and the task is satisfactorily
consolIdated in 15 project villages. Considerable interest in the Naujhil
methodology has been expressed by Gal, State Governments and
UNICEF. The project plans to expand.
PROJECT TITLE Action Demonstration Project for Integrated Parasite Control and Family
Planning Services in UNICEF-Assisted Area Development Programme in
Trivandrum District.

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Rs 5,00,000 May 1981
reduced to
Rs 98,350 Sept. 1984 Commenced Nov. 84.
Rs 20,000
(1) To galvanise UNICEF's involvement in micro-level family planning
work through integration of this component in its Area Development!
Social Inputs Programmes and other activities.
(2) Test the feasibility and relevance of the parasite· control·linked-family-
planning approach in India and demonstrate the methodology fOf
implementation.
This project was initially designed to fit into a very ambitious Area Deve-
lopment Programme being taken up with UNICEF-support in Trivandrum
District, which itself got drastically pruned and altered. The exigencies
and delays for the larger UNICEF-Govt. programme naturally affected
the fate of this project, which was unable to get off the ground till 1984
when a smaller pilot project was reworked with Kerala State GovernI1lent
and UNICEF. However, without any of the Foundation's allocated funds
for this project being spent, considerable headway was accomplished in
achieving the first objective i.e. of mobilising UNICEF interest in a more
direct involvement with the family planning issue. Following UNICEF's
interaction with the Foundation, family planning components were built
into several other area development programmes, notably in Gujarat.
Further, UNICEF has been actively cooperating and collaborating with
the Foundation in promotional and dissemination activities, reinforcing
that linkages with family planning are an important contribution to the
child development issue.
The micro project itself started in late 84, but perhaps because it
was too small a venture for the Kerala Health Directorate to take specific
interest, limped right from the start. Over 1985 work was done, but in
fitful starts. Training materials were developed, the mahila samajam
volunteers selected an<;ltrained and a survey of the panchayat undertaken,
followed by the first blan~et deworming programme in the area. How-
ever, as the activities were not carried out in a continuous flow and in the
integrated multi-faceted manner earlier envisaged, the project never really
took a concrete shape. Therefore, in late '85, the Foundation regretfully
too~ the decision to terminate this project.
PROJECT TITLE Demonstration Project to Integrate Health and Family Planning with
Rural Development

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Date of Sanction
Budget
October 1980
May 1981
Rs 12,:>00(planning grant)
Rs 2,00,000
Brief Description
The project taken up in one of the most backward districts of UP, was
designed to develop an experimental model for social action integrating
income and employment generating activities with social services, including
health and family planning education and services. Having mobilised
health and population consciousness in a committeed group, the project
trained and positioned village level health workers and community mobi-
lisers in 10 villages, developed and effective repertoire of steel-theatre, and
a work manual based on local health problems and remedies. However,
difficulties arose regarding implementation of the service aspect of the
project, and the implementing agency decided to suspend the present
project work, but assured the integration of these health and family
welfare interests into a larger integrated project that is being developed.
PROJECT TITLE Planning and Development Grant to Stimulate Widescale Family Planning
Work in one Distnct of Rajasthan
Director
Sponsored by Family Planning Foundation
Institution
Family Planning Foundation
Brief Description
This project attempted a new direction for the Foundation: to catalY$e
through its active involvement, support from institutions and individuals
both from within and outside a backward district, in support of family
planning efforts. Through these efforts, the Foundation has been instru-
mental in getting: (i) Jaipur Udyog, the major industrial unit in Sawai
Madhopur, to launch a comprehensive family welfare programme for its
workers and their families; (ii) AFPRO, a leading NGO working in rural
development to survey and design a scheme for upgrading dry land
farming and animal husbandry through community participation in one
panchayat and to hold a workshop on guinea-worm eradication endemic
in certain parts of Sawai Madhopur-with a view to show how develop-
ment and health care activity of this type can be linked with family

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planning promotion, (iii) GOI, Rajasthan State Government and
Hindustan Latex to formulate a project for an intensive family planning
drive and delivery of services involving every panchayat and the voluntary
organisations of the district:
PROJECf TITLE A Demonstration Project of Reorganising the Role of Anganwadi Workers
for the Total Welfare of the Community covered by tho rCDS Scheme
Director
Ms Prema Malhotra and Mr Venkat Rao
Brief Description
By reconceptualising the role of the rCDS Workers and sensitising them to
population concern, the project demonstrates that this does not add undue
burdens. Methodology and materials for reorientation of rCDS workers
have been developed and considerable success in field work attained. The
project has also developed an alternative training model based on regional
training skills.
The basic idea was to develop, design and implement a model for deliver-
ing of family planning education and services with related health care to
a selected rural population.

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III. Information, Education and Communication
PROJECT TITLE A Demonstration Action Project in Developing Grassroot Worker-
Leaders: Experiment in Leadership Training
Date of
Commencement
2 October 1980
Objectives
Provide a model for involvement and training of women's organisations,
Develop a cadre of workers and the competence of the Working Women's
Forum to take on family planning work.
Present Status
Working Women's Forum has done excellent work in the field during the
3-year project period. It has now received a Rs 8l lakh grant from the
Tamil Nadu Government to expand the work across the slums of Madras.
It has a cadre of trained workers and organisational capacity to undertake
further work and provide a model that can be replicated by other
organisations.
PROJECT TITLE District Development Demonstration Project in Madurai District, Tamil
Nadu
Date of
Commencement
5 years
(extended by one pear-1982-83)

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Budget
Phase I: Rs 3,30,000 (November 1977)
Phase II: Rs 91,100 (August 1982)
Amount Disbursed Rs 3,6S,607
Objectives
The overall objective was to facilitate better achievement of the various
health and family planning programmes in rural areas by:
(i) adopting Athoor Experience of increasing the efficiency of the
ANM, intensifying the motivation work and involving the non-
government agencies;
(ii) improving the management and recording system;
(iii) energise the Madarsangams (Mother's Club).
Though it was a collaborative venture, the Tamil Nadu Government had
not made available the services of the MPW (male). The Gandhigram
Institute recruited and trained personnel, developed a recording system,
energised few Madarsangams and improved the sanitation by providing
household latrines ot subsidised cost. The Institute submitted the Report
in 1982. The efforts made by the Foundation to persuade the Tamil
Nadu Government to provide the multi-purpose workers of the Project
and to unify the control at the district level were of no avail. The
Foundation's funds enabled the Gandhigram Institute to pursue the
project objectives but the failure of the Tamil Nadu Government to play
their role led to the premature closure of Phase II of the project and
non-fulfilment of project objectives.
PROJECT TITLE Integrated Health Care Delivery including Family Planning was Com-
munity Participation .
Date of
Commencement
Phase I: 1972
Phase II : 1978
Phase I: December 1972
Phase II : November 1978
Ph ase I: 3 years
Phase II : 4 years
Rs 1,84,OOO-December 1972
Rs 4,50,OOO-November 1978
Rs 1,75,OOO-December 1981

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Amount Disbursed Rs 1,64,036 from 1972 grant
Rs 5,45,556 from the two grants in 1978 and 1981.
Objectins
To develop a model delivering integrated health care including family
planning services and involving community participation.
Present Status
The first phase of an experimental project designed to test certain hypo-
thesis, implemented in 22 selected villages of Kwakol block, led to the
development of an action project taken up throughout 151 villages of
Kawakol block. This was started in January 1979 and continued for 4
years. During the project perio'd 1,325 group meetings were held and 85
demonstrations on important health practices to disseminate information
on primary 'health care and family planning, 1159 men and women under-
went sterilisation and another 2,321 adopted other methods. This was in
addition to wide-ranging changes in environment sanitation, resulting in a
dramatic decline ofgastro-intestinal infections and other communicable
disease. Nearly 29,000 patients were treated locally by the trained village
workers-representing 30% of the population of the area. The project
also developed an integrated multi-pathic approach to the treatment of
health problems giving primacy to indigenous remedies where suitable.
The Gram NiI'man MandaI is now involved in socio-economic
developmen't work of some scale with Ford Foundation and other funding.
The health and family planning consciousness built through the FPF
project is a part of its thinking. The Village Health Committees continue
to function.
PROJECT TITLE A Pilot Project on Health Welfare and Education with Special Empha,si&
on Population Education
.
Date of
Commencement
(i) September 1975
(ii) October 1979
(iii) January 1981

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Budget
(i) Rs 3,00,000
(ii) Rs 1,00,000
(iii) Rs 3,00,000
Objectives
Present Status
(i) Intensive population education-creating awareness of populatio n
problems;
(ii) providing family planning services through the delivery of medical
c:ire at the doorsteps of people in selected villages.
This project was started in 1976 and was reviewed from time to time by
site visits. This project was also reviewed by the Evaluation Committee
appointed by the Governing Board in September 1978. The project
revealed that all the 25 villages with a population of about 25,000 have
been motivated for adopting a small family norm, mostly through sterilisa-
tion. There was not much evidence of spacing methods having been
adopted in those villages. The Foundation's financial support ceased in
March 1983. Unlike several other projects, it is heartening to note that
the project activities are being continued with the same tempo as hitherto
through the financial support provided by the State Government.
This is a project for identifying and defining the roles and functions of the
community health workers through the development of case studies of
relevant experiences in the field, with special focus on family planning,
followed by a Workshop. This subject is particularly relevant in the
present context where there is a growing disenchantment with the high
technology oriented clinical approach of the health services.
One of the major mechanisms of making health care services more
community-oriented is the identification and involvement of a community
level worker to undertake the more basic part of both health and family
planning activities. A number of experimental projects in India, parti-
cularly in the non-governmental sector, have tried to develop just such a
functionary at the grassroot level with varying degrees of success. The
Foundation, therefore, thought it would be worthwhile to compare the
experiments of some of these projects and evolve guidelines for policy.

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Five project experiences of an innovative nature, which recognized the
emerging critical importance of community-oriented health workers or
volunteers in India and aimed at the identification and creation of such
community health workers were selected. These are:
(1) Jamkhed Project in Maharashtra
(2) Tilonia Project near Ajmer in Rajasthan
(3) CASA Project in Pal ghat, Maharashtra
(4) Raipur Rani Project near Chandigarh
(5) Village Health Care Project in Oddarchatram
in Tamil Nadu.
Case studies were prepared on each of the five projects jointly by
the Director of the concerned project and an outside expert on the subject,
who studied the project and spent some time at the project site. These
are process-oriented case studies with accent on various aspects of the
community health worker-selection process, training roles, interaction with
other agencies and effectiveness problems encountered, etc.
A case study has also been prepared on the international experience
in the field, namely "Village Level Health and Family Planning Worker-
An International Perspective." The case studies were reviewed internally
by the staff with the help of Dr J S Gill of the All India Institute of
Medical Sciences. After the preparation and analysis of reports, it was
planned to organize a workshop to discuss each of the case study in depth.
But the workshop was postponed as it was thought necessary to include
the experience of the government's Village Health Workers' scheme in the
deliberations, and to wait and see how it works. Currently this scheme,
is operating for three years, it is the time to look at the whole scheme,
how it is working and what lessons can be learnt from it and see it in
relation to other voluntary efforts that had been made in this direction.
The Foundation has also identified a few more projects for preparing case
studies of an experimental nature in the country. Foundation staff has
also prepared a "Status Report on Community Health Worker Scheme."
All the case studies will be revised and updated with the help of experts
and the concerned Project Directors. Following new Case Studies will be
prepared:
(1) Case Study on Government Experience of CHV scheme in a historical
framework.
(2) An Analytical and process-oriented case study of government experi-
ence of CHV scheme.
(3) Case Study by Dr (Mrs) Banoo J Coyaji about her project which is a
unique type of innovative project (Vadu Rural Health Project, Pune,
where P.R.C. is run by a voluntary organisation).
Once all the Case Studies have been revised and updated and new
reports are prepared, a Workshop will be organised in which all the

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reports and their findings will be presented and discussed in the context of
and in relation to the emerging needs of the country within the Govern-
ment framework of the CHVs Scheme. All those who are involved in
policymaking, those involved in action programmes, senior field-oriented
staff from the government and leaders from voluntary organisations wilt
be invited for the Workshop. Practical recommendations for programme
and policy will be br01.l:ghtout as a result of the workers' deliberations.
PROJECT TITLE
(i) First National Conference of Parliamentarians on the Problems of
Population and Development, 1981
(ii) Promoting Family Planning and Population through Parliamen-
tarians
(iii) Travel grant for 5 members of the Indian Association of Parlia-
mentarians for Problems of the Population and Development to
attend the Asian Conference
(iv) Technical Material for State Legislators Conference of IAPPD
Institution
IAPPD, New Delhi
Family Planning Foundation
(i) May 1981
(ii) July 1981
(iii) December 1981
(iv) March 1982
(i) Rs 50,000 in May 1981 for First National Conference
(ii) Rs 1,50,000 plus Rs 20,000 additional grant for Promoting FP and
Population through Parliamentarians in July 1981
(iii) Rs 40,000 travel grant for 5 delegates of IAPPD in December 1981
(iv) Rs 35,000 for technical materials for State Legislators Conference
of IAPPD in March 1982
Amount Disbursed (i) Rs 49,933
(ii) (iii) & (iv) Rs 2.12 lakhs from the total sanction of Rs 2.45 lakhs
Objectives
To recrete political commitment to family planning as a national priority.
Promote informed opinion and mobilise parliamentarians to work in this
field.
Present Status
IAPPD is today a major force on the population scene, both nationally
and internationally. Its work has gathered support from several sources
includingUNFPA and GOL

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IDStitutioD
Gandhigram Institute of Rural Health and Family Welfare Trust. Madurai
District
Date of
Comme~meDt
February 1980
To develop a training that would orient Mukhyasevikas to the family
planning and women's development issues leading to their greater involve-
ment in family planning and better performance in the field.
The demonstration training effort succeeded so well that during implemen-
tation the project was further expanded in its original objectives at the
request of the Government of India. to develop and conduct a course for
Key Trainers of Mukhyasevikas from some northern states and to imple-
ment the training in a pilot area. The Key Trainers course for North
Indian States took place, but while orders were passed by Tamil Nadu
Government to implement the reorganised role of Mukhyasevikas as
suggested by the training in this project. it could not happen. However.
the training and materials developed during this project have fed into the
thinking and material development undertaken by 001 to revise the role
and functions of this category of workers for a new scheme-DCWRA-
which has been developed by Ministry of Rural Development. as a major
thrust for the work of Mukhyasevikas across the country.
Date of SanetioD
October 1980
May 1981
Budget
Amount Disbursed
Rs 28,500
Rs 4,63,700
Rs 4,00,200

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By involving the Indian Adult Education Association, a federation of 2~
affiliated organisations, it has been sought to develop methodolpgy and
materials for integrating population education into adult education, and
build a strong motivation in the umbrella organisation to spread family
planning concerns through its network. Performance in the three experi-
mental demonstration projects in Tribal (Orissa), Rural (Haryana) and
Urban, (Rajasthan) areas linking income generating activities with popula-
tion education leading to acceptance of family welfare activities have
varied. Orissa and Ajmer projects are suitable for writing up as ease
studies.
PROJECT TITLE Family Planning Foundation Awards for Various Categories of Family
Planning Communication.
Director
Collaborative Programme of Doordarshan, AIR and Family Plannin,
Foundation.
Date of Sanetio__ October 1980
July 1981
Budget
Rs 1,50,000
Rs 2,50,000
Brief Descriptioll
The project was designed to enchance efforts for family planning com-
munication and raise the prestige of such work through instituting an
award scheme. It has had a two-phased effort. In the first phase, a
script competition was held in 16 languages that resulted in the prize
winning entries being produced and used by AIR and Doordarshan
respectively. In the second phase, the project attempted to encourage
AIR and Doordarshan to set up a system by which to review and select
their best programme on family planning in the various languages for
awards. Difficulties arose in implementing the scheme on such a scale.
However, AIR has eventually decided to have a single FPF award for the
best family planning programme, within the prestigious Akashvani awards,
and Doordarshan will similarly do so in collaboration with the Ministry
of Health. The project has also led to a realisation on the inadequacy
of present family planning media efforts. The Foundation was subsequ-
ently associated with the Expert Working Group on Software Development
for Doordarshan, besides certain other efforts to bring more creative
approaches to family planning TV and radio communication ..

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¥'RO.JECT TITLE An Experimental Project for Integrating Population Education for AU
India Handicrafts Board trainees in Carpet Weaving Centros
Director
Prof C P Goyal
lastitutloD
School of Social Work, Varanasi
Date of SaDc:tlou July 1980
BIICI~et
Rs 93,000
Amount Dlsbure4 Rs 80,000
Brief DescriptiOD
This project aimed to develop materials and methodology to demonstrate
how the All India Handicrafts Board infrastructure for skill training can
be used for population education and the creation of an atmosphere
conducive to the small family norm. It has developed a curriculum,
teaching materials and methodology for carpet weaving training centres
.and demonstrated its use at selected centres in Varanasi area.
PROJECT TITLE Atlas of the Child in India: A Visual Education Project Depicting the
place and importance of Children in Population and Development.
Rs 77,000 October 1979
Rs 25,000 July 1981
Rs 1,02,000
The project on the Atlas of the Child earlier funded by the Foundation
was duly completed in 1984 and the 3 volume manuscript received in the
Foundation. In order to disseminate this valuable but fairly voluminous
data providing a comprehensive picture on the situation of the child to the
planners and other critical sectors of the public in need of such material
for charting developmental activities, and also to bring it to the general
public at a more affordable price, the Foundation interacted with
UNICEF and secured an agreement for its advance purchase of 600 copies
for direct dissemination to an appropriate list of institutions and indivi-
duals. Unfortunately, the publishers ran into a number of difficulties
which had to be ironed out at every stage, resulting in an inordinate delay,
first in the printing and then the release of the publication. The release
is now being scheduled.at a function to be cohosted by UNICEF, Centre
for Regional Development, JNU and Family Planning Foundation. In
view of the importance of the publication, the Union Minister of Health
has kindly agreed to release it. UNICEF already has a large number of
anxious enqUiries for the book, which is considered to be a pioneering
exercise not only in.'India, but globally.

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Objecti'fe
To make available comprehensive information on audio-visual materials
on family planning communication for users and media planners.
ProgrelJl
This catalogue was developed in computerised format by CENDIT and
the project finished by 1984. In view of the tremendous felt need for such
information, Family Planning Foundation decided to publish the catalogue
and disseminate it. Copies of this catalogue have already been made
available to the Prime Minister's secretariat and to the Ministry of Health,
Government of India. It is being sent to all state Health departments,
Government of India and to selected Non-Governmental organisations,
as a part of the Foundation's direct communication activities over 1986.
PROJECr TITLE Development of an Innovative Puppet Based Video Serial on Family
Planning (Preparatory grant)
(1) To involve a leading communication institution closely connected
with a minority community in the promotion of communication acti-
vities for family welfare.
(2) To develop successful field tested character prototypes using the
traditional puppet medium within a contemporary frame, i.e. for a
video serial.
Although the original objective of this project, as conccptualised and
discussed with Jamia, was to provide scope for the development and
scripting of a series of programmes that would constitute a serial, with
one pilot fully developed and field tested, ultimately this project ended up
as a one-play exercise. Problems and pressures within the Jamia Millia
Mass Communication Research Centre inordinately delayed the project's
commencement into the final semester of the academic year, thus teles-
coping the time available to the students for working on the project.

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However, 30 students participated to survey target groups, identify
problems and suggest approaches to help conceptualise the presentation
which was professionally scripted. The 35-40 minute experimental play
developed is a combination of modern puppets and traditional nautanki
format of dialogues and music. 8 live performances were carried out in
various urban slum and resettlement colonies of Delhi to field-test
audience reactions. The play has been recorded on video cassette which
is in the Foundation library. Although the puppets developed during this
exercise were imaginative, the story content did not break any significant
new ground in presenting family planning communication. Therefore,
further efforts have not been made for rising these character prototypes in
a serial, as earlier planned.
PROJECT TITLE Publication Grant: Population Compendium for World Population Con-
ference, Mexico City
This publication (people show the way) which was undertaken at the
request of the Government of India for distribution by the Indian Dele~
gation at the International Conference on Population at Mexico City-
1984 was so well received that a second edition was printed and dissemi~
nated widely to NGOs, academics and others working in the family
planning field. Besides, the Ministry of Health requested and received
100 copies for distribution at its Conference of NGOs. A number of
agencies such as the UGC/UNFPA Population Education Project, Indian
Adult Education Association, UNICEF, All India Women's Conference
etc. have requested and received copies for distribution at various
seminars organised by them. A Hindi translation of this publication has
also been made and disseminated. The Sikar Distr,ict authorities in
Rajasthan State have made particular use of the Hindi material.

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IV. Policy Research and Evaluation
PROJECT TITLE Population Education through Agricultural Institutions-Developing Rule
Definition and Role Commitments of Agricultural Institutions in Popula-
tion Education
Objectives
Present Status
To assess status of population education in agricultural institutions as also
attitude of agricultural scientists to the subject and develop a concrete
plan of action for its incorporation in ongoing education, research and
extension work.
Implement on a pilot scale in one agricultural institution.
19 institutions in 3 states were surveyed and studied. A plan of action
developed and shared at a National Workshop held in Hissar. Haryana
Agricultural University. However, the action part of the project did not
take shape hereafter, despite some efforts by the Foundation.
PROJECT TITLE Developing Programmes of Information, Dissemination, Motivation and
Action in Population and Family Planning
Date of Sanction
Date of
Commencement
Duration
Budget
Phase I: November 1977
Phase II: June 1980
June 1978
Phase I: 2 years
Phase II: 2 years in June 1980, plus 1 year in 1981and I year in 1982.
Rs 3,00,000in November 1977
Rs 4,40,000 in June 1980

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Phase I: To help rooreate an urgency for family planning work in the
media and amongst critical levels or leadership.
Phase 1/: To continue this work. build institutional supports for family
planning communication work and develop experhnental projecit
to provide models of action.
The project began when the family planning programme was in paralysis.
and played a role in the relegitimisation of the issue which has been
recorded and recognised in the minutes of Governing Board and Advisory
Council Meetings from J 978 onwards.
The work of this "project" was integrated into the overall function·
ing of the Foundation from inception, but particularly so from June 1980.
It has, therefore, constituted one section within Foundation, contributing
to its overall activities of project development and monitoring, workshops
and in particular to the promotional role increasingly played by the
Foundation in national and international forums.
However, the following specific projects have been developed, moni-
tored and assisted in operation through the 'project' activities:
I. "For a Better Future" and general work with parliamentarians.
2. Family Planning Foundation Awards for Various Categories of FP
Communication.
3. Communication Workshop for Developing Materials and Enhancing
Skills of Artists/Photographers and Copywriters Rajasthan and
Gujarat States Family Welfare Departments and Directorate of Audio
Visual Publicity.
4. Annotated Resource List of Family Planning Media Materials.
S. Atlas on the Child: A Visual Education Project Depicting The Place
and Importance of the Child in Population and Development.
6. Demonstration Project for Evolving an Effective Role for Grassroot
Child Welfare Workers.
7. Orientation Training of Mukhyasevikas in Health and Family
Planning.
8. Developing an Institutional Base in a Northern State for Reorienta-
tion of Key Women Development Functionaries.
9. Provision of Population Education for AIHB Trainers at Carpet
Weaving Training Centres.
10. Demonstration Action Project in Developing Grassroot Worker
Leaders: Experiment in Leadership Training.
11. Action Demonstration Project for Integrated Parasite Control and
Family Planning in the UNICEF Area Development Programme in
Trivandrum District.
12. Demonstration Project for Primary Health Care and Family Planning
Services through the Milk Cooperative Infrastructure.
88

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13. Planning and Development Grant to Stimulate widescale Activity in
one District.
During this period the Programme Director has served on the follow-
ing national and international bodies:
Member-Expert Working Group for Software Doordarshan,
Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
" - Working Group on Women. Development for
Seventh Plan, :Planning Commission
" -National Council for Science and Technology Communi-
cation, Department of Science and Technology
83-86
" -Media Advisory Committee, Ministry of Social Welfare 83-86
" -National Committee for Review of Role of Rural
Women, Ministry of Agriculture
1980
" -All India Handloom Board
79-81
" - Task Force on Self Employment of Women, Ministry of
Industry
-Post Literacy Follow-up Committee, Ministry of
Education
-Board of Directors: Programme for the Adaptation of
Contraceptive Technology and Programme for Appro-
priate Technology in Health
-Participation in International Consultation of NGOs on
Population Issues, Geneva
Sept' 83
PROJECT TilLE Developing an Institutional Base in a Northern State for Orientation
Training of Key Women Development Functionaries
The Foundation had an earlier project in Gandhigram for Orientation of
Mukhyasevikas' in health and family planning in which nearly 200
Mukhyasevikas from Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu received training,
also instructors from some of the Northern States participated and
observed one session. As a direct follow-up of this effort, it was attempted
to duplicate, within a northern State the training carried out by Gandhi-
gram in the South. In view of the keen interest to promote family planning
shown by Rajasthan, this state was picked up for the work. In consulta-
tion with the State Government, the Institute of Community Development
and Panchayats, Udaipur, was identified to undertake the training, as it is
one of the two official institutions of the Rajasthan State Government
conducting training for officers of its development departments.

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One training programme was conducted in the Institute of Community
Development, Udaipur, with the collaboration of Gandhigram and local
Udaipur institutions and this has been reported upon last year. The
evaluation of the training course given by Gandhigram and other allied
institutions pointed to a critical need for the training to take place, but
also indicated that the Institution of Community Development lacked the
necessary capabilities and cooperative attitude to make the programme
really meaningful. In view of this it was decided to shift the venue for
the next training session. Also in the meanwhile, it was seen that tho
Tamil Nadu State Government which has initially been most enthusiastic
about the Mukhyasevika orientation project, did not take the necessary
steps to implement a reorganised work pattern necessary for the training
to be meaningful. This was due to contlictingpressures of other program-
me activities on MukhYasevikas. From a position that it would,ensure
all trained Mukyasevikas to implement the revised work pattern, the
Tamil Nadu State Government moved to a decision to do this in one
district and even this was not implemented.
Besides the doubts raised by these problems, the organisation of
further training programmes in Rajasthan has been deliberately held back
by the Foundation for another reason that the Foundation has been inter-
acting with Rajasthan State Governmenffor a possible role in the UNFPA
project districts. In view of this development it was felt that rather than
train all LNEOs in Rajasthan who then like Tamil Nadu may not receivo
the necessary backing to make the modifications in their working pattern-
it would be better to pick up women functionaries within the UNFPA
project districts, ensuring that they have the requisite back-up to apply the
training. It is hoped that work can be taken up in the coming months.
alongside a larger involvement in the project districts.
The Foundation supported the Indian Association of Parliamentarians for
Population and Development in the organisation of its earlier conferences
at the National and State level, providing it with technical assistance and
communication materials for dissemination to promote discussion and
debate. As these materials were found to be useful, a request was made by
the IAPPD to the Foundation, for it to continue support to its work with

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llimilar technical materials for the other State Conference it proposed to
conduct across the country.
Materials were provided for State Conferences in Karnatakaand
Maharashtra during 1981. During 1982 there was only one conference
held by IAPPD in Madhya Pradesh. But a series of conferences are now
scheduled for 1983. As and when further requests are received further
materials pertaining to the areas will be made available.
PROJECT TITLE Population Policy-2000 AD-A Study of the Relationship between Popu-
lation and Economic Development
Objectives
Over the last few years, there has been a considerable concern with the
long-term implications of the growth of India's population on economic
development and the quality of life for its masses. The project seeks to
develop alternative population scenarious and study:
(i) whether it is feasible to bring about a more effective relationship
between economic development and population growth;
(ii) whether it would be possible to meet the minimum needs of the
people at an earlier period;
.
(iii) whether relationship can be established between high income and
reduction in the rate of population growth.
The publication 'Population and Development' has been brought out by
the Centre for Policy Research. Of the 36 socio-economic variables
studied seven were identified as having significant influence on birth rate:
(i) Effective female literacy, (ii) Crude death rate, (iii) Hospital beds per
1,000 population, (iv) Radios per thousand population, (v) Moter vehicle
per thousand population, (vi) per capita income at current prices, and

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implications of various findings, it needs to be further pursued at the
socio-economic variables and fertility behaviour.
Objectiyetl
PreseDt Statu
It was felt a population of one billion in 2000 AD would leave very little
options because of the overall constrains. The Foundation therefore
commissioned this study to bring out the implications of population
growth in India by 2000 AD.
The population 'India's Population -Aspects of Quality and Control' was
brought out in two volumes in 1978 as a FPF/ICSSR book and the project
was closed on 1.4.1978. Based on the material gathered for this book,
there more publications were brought out by ICSSR.
(i) The Status of Women: Household and Non-household
(ii) The Status of Women: Literacy and Employment
(iii) Implications of Declining Sex Ratio in India's Population
The book has been widely welcomed for its broad sweep with its
development relevance and serves as an invaluable source of reference.
IDstitotioD
Gandhigram Institute of Rural Health and Family Welfare, Madurai
District.
Budget
Rs 91,250
Amount Disbursed Rs 91,250

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Date of Objectives
The project aims at:
(i) studying the inter-relationships of socio-economic inputs in the family
planning programme in Tamil Nadu; and
(ii) identifying the factors responsible for regional differences in fa mil}
planning acceptance.
Present Status
Work on the project has been completed. The typescript of the report
based on multi-variate analysis of data was received in 1980 and was refer-
red to two experts for comments. But the comments have not been sent
to the Gandhigram Institute and hence a final report is not available.
After completing the project, the Gandhigram Institute sent proposals
for a second phase with part-funding by.the Foundation, but his has not
been considered. The data analysed in the report is now obsolete and of
limited use because of the redically changing population scene in Tamil
Nadu, thanks to the potential support to the programme.
Objectives
Present Status
In 1973, the Foundatiol,l commissioned three Studies on Population
Research to understand the research that had gone on in India on
behavioural sciences, demography and biomedical research. These have
served the purpose as reference literature. The Advisory Council recom-
mended the recommissioning of the study after a suitable review of the
earlier version not only to updata them but to make them more relevant.
An expert has been identified for Biomedical Research, but the search is
on for other areas as the authors of the earlier version are not available.
This would be a combined effort of the Family Planning Foundation.
Registrar-General's Office and the Indian Association for the Study on
Population (IASP)

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The project was undertaken especially for the World Population Con-
ference in 1974 held at Bucharest, Romania, and was considered to be
very valuable. The publication was purchased in bq.lk by the United
Nations for distribution to all the delegates. The Indian delegation had
the advantage of this publication, apart from what the Government
prepared for them. The idea of bringing out the publication was to look
at the whole question of population of India in the context of develop-
mental programmes within an overall policy framework. The Advisory
Council at its meeting held on 28.11.1981, recommended that some of the
studies supported, earlier and/or commissioned by the Foundation be
recommissioned. The idea was to update them and revise them in the
light of current needs. This was one of the projects recommended as it
was considered useful to the Indian delegation participating in the World
Popull!tion Conference in 1984.
The objectives of the recommissioning would be to bring out the publi-
cation would have relevance to the World Population Conference in 1984
in Mexico. The publication based on commissioned papers would need to
be revised as to content, form and other aspects, so that it becomes
relevant to the population problems as extent in the eighties. The
Registrar General's Office, IASP and the Foundation have informally
discussed this as a possible joint project. The expenditure on this, as in
previous publication, would be for payment to various authors and also
other supportive work. Forty chapters are expected in the publication.
The whole exercise would be revised in the light of discussions with the
Registrar General's Office and the IASP. The publication would be as
relevant as possible for the time.
In the light of the information interaction that the Foundation had with
the Registrar General of India and the officers of the Indian Association
for the Study of Population, it has been decided to reconceptualise and
revise the design it such a manner that it will confirm to the basic objec-
tive as approved by the Governing Board. At the same time, it would be
relevant and necessary to produce something meaningful for the World
Population Conference. The study would be designed in a rigorous con-
ceptual framework that it subserves the cause of both research and policy
in the country.
Family Planning Foundation, Registrar-General's Office and the Indian
Association for the Study on Population.

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K Sadashivaiah
Chandrakala Dave
Present work is the outcome of the review of various Doctoral and
Master's degree these in the field of Education and Home Science-some
of them are journal articles, papers presented in conferences and some
unpublished reports obtained by personal contact as well.
There are over 59 studies conducted in the field of Population Educa-
tion during the period 1968 and 1980. These studies are classified into
four categories: Exploratory, Curriculum Development, Teaching .Metho-
dology and Innovation and Experimentation. Under those categories,
these have been presented as far as possible in a common format. The
studies have been arranged serially and in chronological order of their
submission to the concerned university and for publication.
The Governing Board sanctioned a publication grant of Rs 5,000 for
the study at its meeting held in December 1982 subject to the satisfactory
review by the experts.
Manuscript was sent for review to the two experts and their comments
were received. The manuscript along with the comments of the reviewers
has been sent to the author for revision. The revised manuscript from
the author is still awaited.
The study in an attempt to highlight the considerable knowledge the exists
in the field of sociology, anthropology and other social sciences for
strengthening population control and other development programmes in
the field of social development. The selection of the chapters has been
made to bring about the empirical and theoretical understanding of
various concepts of behavioural sciences and explore their applica-
tion for population control. The other main purpose of the study is to
simplify and synthesise certain valuable findings extent in research reports
for their value to students, researchers, change agents and administrators

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so that they can use them effectively for promoting social development
programmes. The themes covered are mostly anthropological and socio-
logical in nature, they could be relevant to etudents of psychology and
other social sciences.
A publication grant of Rs 5.000 was sanctioned for the above manu-
script by the Family Planning Foundation in the meeting of its Governing
Board in December 1982.
The study report was sent to two experts in the field of review. One
expert has sent his comments on the study other has regretted his inability
to review. The manuscript is being sent to another expert for his
comments. As soon as the comments of the reviewer are received. the
same will be forwarded to the author for reviewing the draft of the
manuscript for publication.
PROJECT TITLE Mangadu Study-Socio-Economic Change: A Diachronic Study of
Changes in Contraceptive and Fertility B~haviour and its Socio-cultural
Determinants
This study conducted during 1977-78 is in the nature of a disachronic
study of a village. Mangadu in Tamil Nadu, in which the famous
demographer Dr S Chandrasekher, wrote a series of papers in 1957·1962
based on the data collected in 1956. Though the baseline available
consisted of .data on economic infrastructure vital events and family
planning, the authors have enlarged the scope· by including social
structure, culture, health and medical care and socio-economic change in
their contextual relevance to get a clear indication of the demographic
profile including family planning. The attempt was to make the study
more holistic, comprehensive and analytical. The Governing Board
meeting held in December 1982, approved a grant of Rs 5,000 for publica-
tion of the above study, subject to satisfactory review by experts.
Manuscript was sent to two reviewers for their comments. The Reports
from the revie\\\\oers have been received and sent to the author to finalise
the manuscript in light of the comments of the experts. A revised report
from the author is still awaited.

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PROJECT TITLE A Critical Study of Allocation to the Family Planning Programme in
India during 1971-81 with Policy Implications and Construction of Data
Bank on the subject
Brief Description
The concern for Rs 1,000 crores spent on the Qimily planning programme
with no commensurate impact on population growth rate led the Founda-
tion to study the spending pattern of funds in relation to family planning
activities and demographic outcomes. Accordingly, the project objectives
are to design the format of a data bank which will contain information
about expenditure pattern and physical achievements of the programme
and to illustrate the usefulness of the data bank by conducting analysis of
the data stored therein. Under the project, data was collected in
Maharashtra and Gujarat, but the response was feeble from the other
States.
PROJECT TITLE Broad-based Research Programme on Infant Mortality and it, Interrela-
tionship with Fertility
BudJ:et
Rs 30,000 for preparatory work (for the main research programme, the
IORC, Canada, has agreed to give Canadian Dollars 247,000)
Brief Description
High infant mortality in India has both influenced family planning
adoption and is influenced by it. There has been no comprehensive study
on the multi-dimensional aspects of the infant mortality problem nor on
the interrelationships between fertility and infant mortality. It is there-
fore intended to have a network of projects which would be implemented
by leadwg institutions in sociology, demography, health and management.
PROJECT TITLE 1) Study of Population Policies in India
2) Study of Family Planning Implementation Programme

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Direetors
Dr AU Baquer, Dr Ramashray Roy, Dr Rajni Kothari. Dr Prodipt~ :Roy
and Dr Bashiruddin Abmed
Date of SaDdioll Project No.1: July 1975
Project No.1: NoveQlber 1977
Budget
Rs 2,70,000
Rs 2,58,800
Amount Disburse4 Rs 2,60,274
Rs 2,50,000
Brief Descriptio.
The two projects are reported together because of the common conceptual
approach. The first project is a historical study of population policy and
its implications for family planning programme. The second was designed
to study the experiences of family planning acceptors in 1975-71. A review
of all available literature and documents pertaining to the first project has
been conducted. Useful data on experiences of those sterilised and non-
.terilised, explanations from officials at all levels and drawn from different
states and their views on establishing method of participation is reportedly
available.
Amount Disbnrsed Rs 1,63,300
Brief DescriptioD
According to the Working Group on Population Policy, the task of
reducing fertility to NRR-I is not possible without effective participation
of the people in family planning programme. The project therefore
undertook to study how and through what formal and informal processes
and structures people participate, the level of citizen participation in
successful cases and factors behind non-participation. The major
recommendation is that people's participation being not autonomous,
needs to be mobilised as a matter of deliberate policy and that in this task
the best instruments are elected panchayats and voluntary agencies.
based on case studies of the following voluntary agencies; New Delhi

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Family Planning Association of India, Garrdhigram Institute, Vadu Health
Project, Jamkhed Project, Panchayats in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
socio-psychological factors emerge as the causes of non-participation and
_pathy.
fROJECT TITLE Socia-Economic Determinants of Age of Female at Marriage and its Effect
on Fertility Behaviour in India
Brief D~riptioD
The 1971-81 decadal growth rate adding about 15 million new-born every
y~ar has caused considerable concern. Fertility control measures, their
identification and interrelationships continue to demand the highest
priority. Age at marriage is one such crucial factor. A need was felt
therefore to design a properly structured population simulation model
based on a system approach and in a certain time-frame explaning inter'"
linkages between age at marriage and socia-economic factors, so as to
~volve optimum strategies and test alternatives. Raising age at marriage
without related key social changes like literacy and education are found
to increase social tensions.
InstitutioD
FPF, ESCAP and the Indian Association for the Study of Population
(IASP)
Brief Description
As part of its work programme the Population Division of ESCAP under-
takes preparation and publication of a series of country monographs in
close collaboration with UNFPA and country experts. The monograph
on India was prepared as a joint collaboration UN (ESCAP). FPF and
IASP. The monograph has been widely distributed internationally and
within the country.

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Brief Description
The study explores perceptions of programme personnel at various levels-
State Family Welfare Bureau, District Family Welfare Bureau, Rural
Welfare Centres and MCR at subcentres of selected PHCs in Andhra
Pradesh and analyses their implication for future policies and programmes.
Suggestions for an open organisation systems approach to improve family'
welfare administration and also administration in general are provided.

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V. Conferences, Seminars and Workshops
Budget
Rs 90,000
Rs 50,000 (Additional Sanction on 16.3.1983)
Amount Disbursed Rs 1,09,432(up to May 1984)
Objectives
If India has to make a real dent into the population problem, there is
critical need to promote spacing methods. Motivation for accepting
spacing methods by younger couples requires techniques and approaches
different from those used for sterilisation. The Foundation, therefore,
organised the Workshop to focus on social aspects, manufacture, market-
ing and IEC and other non-biomedical aspects of pill promotion.
Present Status
The Rapporteur's statement were prepared for inclusion in· the report.
A draft declaration was drawn up which is yet to be finalised. The
recommendation regarding concessions in import duty on the steroids
imported was sent to the Government. In order to prepare a compre-
hensive report, the Foundation wanted lhe authors to revise their paper
in the light of the discussion in the Workshop and also update them. But
barring there foreign authors, there was no response and the progress is
not satisfactory.
PROJECT TITLE International Symposium on Gonadotropins Releasing Hormone in
Control of Fertility and Malignancy
Recent literature shows that Gonadotropins Releasing Hormone has good
potential as a fertility regulating agent in both males and females. A
number of leading laboratories working in this field have developed nasal
spray based on GnRH which has been clinically tested in human females.
The symosium plans to discuss various advancements in this field.

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Accounts

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A F FERGUSON & CO
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS
Scindia House, Kasturba Gandhi Marg,
Post Box No. 24, New Delhi
We have audited the attached Balance Sheet of the Family Planning Foundation as at
December 31, 1985 and the Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended on that date
with the books and records submitted to us and have found them in accordance therewith.
We have obtained aU the information and explanations which to the best of our know-
ledge and belief were necessary for the purposes of our audit and, in our opinion, the Balance
Sheet and the Income and Expenditure Account set forth a true and fair view of the state of
affairs of the Foundation as at December 31, 1985 and of the excess of Income over Expendi-
ture for the year then ended respectively, according to the best of information and explanations
given to us and as per the books and records submitted to us.
Sd{-
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS

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10.1 Page 91

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Previous Year
Rs
3,00,00,000
2,82,93,444
84,71,750
3,67,65,194
3,00,00,000
67,65,194
1,01,72,732
22,64,478
1,24,~7,210
1,92,02,404
1,53,32,710
- 12,57,852
1,65,90,562
26,11,842
10,61,327
10,61,327
73,189
1,27,099
2,00,288
3,38,73,457
LIABILITIES
Rs
Corpus Fund
Society Fund
Grants and Donations as at
December 31, 1984
Add: Received during 1985
Less : Transferred to Corpus Fund
Add: Surplus Fund
Balance as at December 31, 1984
Add: Amount transferred during
the year from Income and
Expenditure Account
1,24,37,210
33,36,633
~ss: Disbursements
Up to December 31, 1984
Durilll 1985
1,65,90,562
18,53,5'2
-----
. LD.R.C. Project Grant
Balance as at December 31, 1984
Add: Interest earned thereon
Creditors and other Provisions
Sundry Creditors
Gratuity
BALANCE SHEET
Rs
67,65,194
67,65,194
67,65,194
Rs
3,00,00,000
1,57,73,843
2,25,39,037
1,84,44,114
10,61,327
64;197
34,565
95,693
40,94,913
11,25,51.4
1,30,258
3,53,50,705
Notes: 1. The entire actual disbursements have been shown as grants and deducted from the total Society Fund
although audited accounts from grantees for Rs 26,36,896 (Previous year Rs 20,84, 352) have yet to
be received.

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Previous Year
Rs
S,14,363
2,55,00,000
8,27,535
10,250
7,546
70,13,763
Fixed Assets (As per Schedule 'A' Annexed)
Investments (As per Schedule 'B' Annexed)
Interest Accrued
Sundry Deposits (As per Scheduled 'C' Annexed)
Advances (As per Scheduled 'D' Annexed)
Cash and Bank Balance (As per Schedle .E' Annexed)
5,79,276
3,23,00,000
11,29,953
4,550
55,022
12,81,904
3,38,73,457
NEW DELHI,
13 March 1986
As per our report of even date attached.
Sd/-
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS

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Previous Year
Rs
Administrative and Operational
Expenses (As per Schedule 'P' Annexed)
Excess of Income over Expenditure transferred
to Society Fund Account in the Balance Sheet
Notel: 1.
2.
3.
The Executive Director's remuneration for the year amounted Rs 1,56,806 (Previous year Rs 85,146).
In addition he is provided with a Car and Driver by the Foundation for official and personal use
and recovery of Rs 150 per month is being made for personal use.
Ail grants received/disbursed during the year are reflected in the Balance Sheet .. See note on
Balance Sheet.
The provision for gratuity has been made at the rate of half month's salary for each completed
year of service (service period of six months and above has been considered as a completed year)
in respect of all employees and not on an actuarial basis.

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Previous year
Rs
32,36,284
26,209
On Fixed Deposits
On Savings Bank Accounts
Miscellaneous Reeeipts
Profit on Sale of Car
45,11,167
40,321
1,23,250
365
Hi,US
NEW DELHI
13 MARCH 1986
As per our report of even date attached to the Balance Sheet.
Sd/-
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS

10.5 Page 95

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SCHEDULE OF FIXED ASSETS ANNEXED TO AND FORMING PART OF THE BALANCE SHEET
AS AT DECEMBER 31, 1985
Particulars
COST
As on
31.12.84
Rs
Additions
during
the
year
Rs
Sales/
Adjust-
ment
during
the year
Rs
DEPRECIATION
WRITTEN DOWN
VALUE
Total as
on
31.12.85
Up to
31.12.84
On Sales
during
the year
For the
year
Total As on
Up to 31.12.85
31.12.85
As on
31.12.84
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
Land-Leasehold
Motor Car
Furniture, Fixture
and Equipment
Capital Work in
Progress- Building
4,50.000
15,174
25,023
15,174
4,75,023
11,329
11,329
8,543
8,543 4,66,480
4,50,000
3,845
1,47,407
----
6,12,581
5,009
----
30,032 15,174
--- 1,52,416 86,889
---
---- --8,1-60
95,049 57,367
--,-- ---
6,27,439 98,218
11,329 16,703 1,03,592 5,23,847
60,518
5,14,363
---
6,12,581
------
30,032 15,174
---- --- --- --- ---- -55-,42-9
6,27,439 98,218
11,329 16,703 1,03,592 5,79,276
Previous year
1,60,734 4,51,847
6,12,581 88,624
9,594 98,218

10.6 Page 96

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SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS ANNEXED TO AND FORMING PART OF THE
BALANCE SHEET AS AT DECEMBER 31, 1985
SINo
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Name of the Company
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd
Indian Petro Chemicals Corporation Ltd
Bharat Electronics Ltd
Indian Telephone Industries Ltd
Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilizers Ltd
Mazagon Dock Ltd
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd
Steel Authority of India Ltd
Hindustan Zinc Ltd
Cement Corporation of India LId
Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd
Indian Overseas Bank, Golf Links
1985
Rs
Amount
25,00,000
10,00,000
55,00,000
7,00,000
5,00,000
25,00,000
25,00,000
25,00,000
25,00,000
25,00,000
26,00,000
17,00,000
30,00,000
23,00,000
3,23,00 000
1984
Rs
25,00,000
10,00,000
25,00,000
7,00,000
5,00,000
25,00 000
25,00,000
25,00,000
25,00,000
25,00:000
10,00,000
17,00,000
14,00,000
17,00,000
2,55,00,000

10.7 Page 97

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SCHEDULE OF SUNDRY DEPOSITS ANNEXED TO AND FORMING PART OF THE
BALANCE SHEET AS AT DECEMBER 31,1985
1985
1984
Rs
Rs
Mrs Chanchal Sud
(Executive Director's Rent Deposit for three months)
Automotives
(Security Deposit with Petrol Bunk for Office Executive
Director's Car)
Kiran Gas Service- IOC
(Security Deposit for two cylinders and one regulator)
(Director-Evaluation's
Mr V R Joharapurkar
Rent Deposit for two months)

10.8 Page 98

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SCHEDULE OF ADVANCES ANNEXED TO AND FORMING PART OF THE
BALANCE SHEET AS AT DECEMBER 31,1985
l.
Amount recoverable from Staff Salaries
1985
Rs
38,930
1984
Rs
6,900
2.
Postal Franking Machine
(To be adjusted against Postage)
2,J2J
646
3.
Prepaid Expenses
13,97J
55,022
7,546

10.9 Page 99

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SCHEDULE OF CASH AND BANK BALANCES ANNEXED TO AND FORMING
PART OF THE BALANCE SHEET AS AT DECEMBER 31, 1985
1985
1984
Rs
Rs
OD SaYiDgs B8nk Account with :
(i) Indian Overseas Bank
(ii) Citibank
(iii) Central Bank. of India
(Iv) lDRe Project Account with Indian Overseas Bank
78,042
73,034
5,304
l1,25,S24
69,34,958
73,757
5,048

10.10 Page 100

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SCHEDULE FORMING PART OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR
THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,1985
December
31,1985
Rs
December
31, 1984
Rs
Salaries
Dearness Allowance
House Rent Allowance
City Compensatory Allowance
Interim Relief .
Conveyance Allowance
Other Allowances
Secretarial Assistance
Contributory PI:ovident Fund
Family Pension Fund
AdministratIOn Charges-EPF
Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme
Gratuity
Medical Expenses
Leave Travel Concession
Children Education Subsidy
Leave Salary Encashment
Exgratia Payment
Bonus to Staff
Honorarium and Consultant Fee
Legal Charge,
Office Accommodation
Composition Fee
GroWld Rent
Residential Accommodation (for Director's Net after a<ijusting
a recovery of Rs 2,800 from the Executive Director-
Previous year Rs. 4,200)
Carried over
88,500
15,324
19,988
89,760
9,36,696
71,000
16,440
68,852
6,57,777

11 Pages 101-110

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11.1 Page 101

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Particulars
Brought forward
Travel Expenses :
Executive Director
Other staft'
Consultants, Members, Advisory Council and Advisory
Panel Members
Maintenance of Office Executive Director's Car including
Rs 420 Insurance (Previous Year Rs 420)
Conveyance Expenses
Repairs and Maintenance :
Office
Residence
Electricity and Water
Postage, Telegrams and Telephones
Library (Books and Periodicals)
Printing and Stationery
Printing and Publications
Meetings, Entertainments and staft' Welfare Expenses
Loss by theft
General Expenses
Audit Fee
Depreciation
December
31,1985
Rs
9,36,696
1,213
17,388
47,908
17,013
57,059
19,638
8,509
22,099
1,05,636
15,981
26,022
18,101
31,191
198
9,270
4,000
16,703
13,54,625
December
31,1984
Rs
6,57,777
5,7n
20,718
38,427
22,865
23,609
. 12,974
4,425
15,357
91,408
19,808
25,893
12,595
31,679
1,639
3,500
9,594
9,98,045

11.2 Page 102

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11.3 Page 103

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fi. Do~tions (India)
Receipts
Up to
31.12.1984
300.00
i) As Fixed Deposits for 3 years
with Public Sector Companies.
ii) As short term Fixed Deposit for
6 months with H.D.F.c.
Expenditure on Establishment
Disbursements for projects sanctioned
Interest/Incentive/Misc. receipts
Excess of Income over Expenditure
Sanctions
Less: Disbursements
Yet to be disbursed against grants
1
sanctioned (will be met out of the
>-
J current revenues such as interest
•
on investment and small donations).
188.61
165.91
Receipts
Less: Expenditure on Project
Amount deposited with I.O.B., Golf Links ...
(Figures in lakhs of rupees)
During
1985
Total
13.39
18.54
46.91
14.98
21.05
18.54
13.39
18.54
46.91
14.98
209.66
184.45
10.61
Nil

11.4 Page 104

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Budget
(or
1984
SUMMARY OF THE BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1986
(Rupees in lakhs)
Account Heads
For the Year 1985
Expenditure
Budget
Proposed
Budget (or
1986
5.92 Pay and Allowances
8.86
7.82
10.94
0.25
1.11
1.50·
0.15
Car Maintenance
Establishment Expenses
(Rent, Repairs, Electricity etc.)
Stationery, Postage, Telephone,
General Expenses etc.
Library
Travel Expenses:
0.17
0.25
0.25
1.66
1.10
1.96
1.60
1.20
1.48
0.16
0.25
0.18
1.75
0.18
0.18
0.04
11.08
i) Staff
I
ii) Members-Advisory
I
Council & Adv. Panels
~
I
iii) Consultants
J
Honorarium/Consultation Fee
Entertainment & Meeting Expenses
Audit Fee
0.67
0.10
0.13
0.04
13.39
0.80
0.06
0.15
0.04
11.67
0.95
0.08
0.10
0.04
15.98

11.5 Page 105

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List of Publications

11.6 Page 106

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Publications Financed by
Sl.
No.
Priced PublicatioB
1. Status Study on Population Research in India
(i) Vol. I
(ii) Vol. II
(iii)Vol. III
: Behavioural Sciences
: Demography
: Bio-Medical
Price
Rs.
7. Wastage of Children
8. India's Population: Aspects of Quality and Control (two
volumes)
9. Family Planning under the Emergency:
Policy Implications of Incentives and Disincentives
10. Family Planning Communication: A Critique of the
Indian Programme
11. Lectures on Contraceptive Pharmacology (Dr B C Roy Memorial
Lectures)
12. Communication for Social Marketing: A Methodology for
Developing Communication Appeals For Family Planning
Programme

11.7 Page 107

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Family Planning Foundation
Prof Udai Pareek &
Dr t V Rao
Mr S P Jain
Prof G P Talwar
Dr Asok Mitra
Prof Ashish Bose
Prof P B Desai
Prof] N Sharma (IASP)
Mra Kamala Mankekar
Dr (Mrs) Kamala Gopal Roy
ProfC N S Nambudri &
Prof Baldev R Sharma
Dr M N Srinivas &
Dr E A Ramaswamy
Dr Surjit Kaur
Dr Asok Mitra
Dr V A Pai Panandiker
R N Bishnoi
o P Sharma
Centre for Policy Research~ New Delhi
Sumanta Banerji
Dr Ranjit Roy Chowdhury
PGI~ Chandigarh
Prof L R Bhandari,
Indian Institute of Management,
Ahmedabad
Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.,
12/4 Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi-lIOOOI
~do-
~do-
Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,
5 Daryaganj Ansari Road, New Delhi-lioo06
Abhinav Publications,
E 37 Hauz Khas, New Delhi-1l9016
~do-
Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
Sterling Publishers
AB/9 Safdarjang Enclave, New Delhi-lI0016
Abhinav Publications
Radiant Publishers.
E-I55 Kalkaji. Now Delhi-llOOI9
Radiant Publishers,
E-155 Kalkaji New Delhi-II 00 19
Amn and Rajiv Pvt. Ltd., Chandigarh
The Macmillan Company of India Ltd.~
4 Community Centre, Naraina Industrial
Area Phase r. Delhi-ll0028

11.8 Page 108

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Sf.
No.
15. Gonadotropins and Gonadal Function (Proceedings of a
Conference held in 1973)
16. Regulation of Growth and Differentiated Function in
Eukaryote Cells
17. Use of Non-Human Primate in Bio-Medical Research
18. Neuroendocrine Regulation of Fertility
19. "Demography India" (Biannual Issue Journal)
20. Health for All
21. Urban Family and Family Planning in India
22. Population Flood and Land Inequality in India 1971
23. Organization For Change
Prict
Rs.
US $59
20
18
60
95
120

11.9 Page 109

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Dr M EKhan
Operations Research Group, Baroda
Dr K R Laumas, All India Institute
of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Dr N R Moudgal
Prof M R N Prasad &
Prof T C Anand Kumar
Prof T C Anand Kumar
Indian Association for the
Study of Population (IASP)
ICSSR/ICMR/FPF
A R Desai
Asok Mitra
Shekhar Mukherji
Bhaskar D Misra
Ali Asharf
Ruth Simmons
Geoge B Simmons
P D Malgavkar
V A Pai Panandiker
Manohar Book Service
2 Ansari Road Daryaganj,
New Delhi-II 0002
Ankur Publishing House, Uphaar Cinema Bldg.
Green Park Extension, New Delhi-l 10016
Academic Press Inc., New York
Raven Press, 1140 Avenue of the Americas,
New York'-IOO36,USA
Indian National Science Academy,
1 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-l10002
S Karger, Basel, USA
Hindustan Publishing Corpn. (India)
C-74 Okhla Industrial Area, Phase I,
New Delhi-l 10020
Indian Institute of Education, Pune
Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., 35C Tardeo Road
Popular Press Building, Bombay 40034
Allied Publishers Pvt. ltd.,
13/14 Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi-ll0002
Radiant Publishers,
E-155 Kalkaji, New Delhi-l 10019
Somaiya Publications Pvt. Ltd.,
172 Mumbai Marathi Grantha Sangrahalaya
Marg, Dadar Bombay-400314
Uppal Publishing House,
3, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New:Oehli-l10002
Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd.,
L-1OGreen Park Extension, New Delhi-! 10029

11.10 Page 110

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Sl.
Price
No.
Rs.
Non-Priced Publications
29. XXnI Annual Conference of the Association of the
Physiologists and Pharmacologists of India
30. International Symposium and Workshop on Biomedical
Engineering
31. Second Annual Conference of the Federation of the Indian
Societies of Endocrinology
32. An Across the Board Study of UNICEF's Involvement in
Population Activities in India
33. Social Development Aspects of Social Education
34. The Indian College of Allergy and Applied Immunology,
Xth Convention
35. XXVI International Congress of Physiological Sciences
37. The Mechanism of Action of Some Anti-Fertility Agents
on the Contractility of the Fallopian Tube
38. Family As a Unit of Welfare in National Planning
Proceedings of the Regional Asian Conference held in
New Delhi-17-21 October 1972
39. Abstract-Symposium Lectures Fifth International Congress
on Hormonal Steriods, New Delhi-28 October-4 November
1978

12 Pages 111-120

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12.1 Page 111

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K Sadashivaiah
Chandrakala Dave
P Seshachalam
Dr K N George
Association of School of
Social Work in India
Dr (Mrs) A Dass
Dr J Behari and
ProfS K Guha
Naveen Mudran Pvt. Ltd.,
6/6, 5th Cross O.T~C. Road, Bangalote
Marwah' Publications
H-39, Green Park Extn. New DelbH'
Indian Institute of Technology and All India
Institute of Mt"dical Sciences, New Delhi
Central Drug Research Institute,
Lucknow and K.G's Medical College; Lucknow
The Family Planning Foundation
Indian College of Allergy and Applied
Immunology Medical College, New Delhi
Department of Physiology, All India Institute
of Medical Sciences, New Delbi-llOOl6
Indian Council for Child Welfare.
4 Deen Dayal Upadhaya Marg,
New Delhi-l 10001
Centre for Biomedical Engineering, All India
Institute of Medical Sciences and Indian
Institute of Technology, New Delhi
Indian Council of Social Science Research,
Delhi
Congress Secretariate Vth International
Congress on Hormonal Steroids-All
Indian Institute of Medical Scier.ces, New Delhi

12.2 Page 112

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SI.
Title
Nt).
oro. Proceedings of family Planning Programme Strategy
Medic:al Practitioners-Workshop Seminar
41. Contraceptive Technology: Relevant to Indian
Conditions
42. Research Utilisation, Priorities and Interface and the Role
of Family Planning Foundation
4". btcen.ti.vesand Discentives to Promote Family Planning
4S. Diagftostic: Study of Population Growth.
Pamily Planning and Development, 1971-81
46. Population and Development Towards the 21st Century

12.3 Page 113

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Status report by a
Biomedical Study Group
Dr V A Pai Panandiker
Prof P D Malgavkar
The Family Planning Foundation
Prof Moonis Raza and
Dr Sheel Chand Nuna
The Family Planning Foundation
Indian Medical Association, IMA House,
Indraprastha House. New Delhi
The Family Planning Foundation
Centre for Policy Research,
Dharma Marg, Chankyapuri, New Delhi· 110021
Statesman ·Press, Connaught Circus,
New Delhi-llOOOI
Statesman Press, Conn aught Circus,
New Delhi-llOOOl
Radiant lnformatioD Systems,
New Delhi
Statesman Press, Connaught Circu.,
New Delhi-IIOOOl
Radiant Publisher